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mod 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

intellectual disability

A

low IQ and harder time learning
IQ test
behavioral therapy

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2
Q

Cerebral palsy

A

movement disorder
damager from brain during pregancy or birth
symptoms:
- flaccid
- sloppy muscles
- problems w eating/speaking
- difficulty speaking
-seizures

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3
Q

Epilepsy

A

seizure disorder
Causes of seizure:
- high fever
- medication
brain tumors
triggered: env such as flashing lights, triggers it
treated with medication

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4
Q

Parkinsosn disease

A

gradual loss of cells that dopamine a neurotransmitter targets
motor ability is affected
1st sign” tremor of the hands
body becomes rigid with muscle loss
“freezing”: unable to make any movement

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5
Q

demetia

A

loss of memory and brain function
most common: alzhemiers
progressive disorder
medication that can help slow to down
4-8 years or 20

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6
Q

alzhmeirs

A

plaques and tangles form in the brain
60-70% of dementia
can be confirmed by an autopsy

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7
Q

stages of dementia

A

1st symptoms: mild
short term memory loss

2nd: mod
easily upset/confuswed
personality changes
prob sleeping/eating/ ADLs

3rd: severe
- communication diffcultiies
- -no responsive to environemnt
- no control over body movements

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8
Q

Sundowing

A

increase in restlessness and agitation later in the day and into the evening

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9
Q

elopement

A

a cogintively challenged residetn leavinf the protection of a facility unsupervised

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10
Q

what can resident with dementia get obessed with

A

leaving the home to go home

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11
Q

Therapeutic interventions for dementia

A

pet/music therpay
reminisence: recall memories
engage in activities to boost self-esteem
sensory: stimulation, hand massages
aromatherapy,watching a lava lamp

validation therapy: hallucination or delusion try to help them with reality and move past it
validate their delusions

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12
Q

what should you do for dementia patients that have sundowns

A

put a light in room to prevent falls
keep them with you while you work, do not leave them unattended

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13
Q

toileting interventions

A

use ‘“freshen up”
do not leave them alone
Ask another CNA to help as needed
Refusal: let them rest then reapproach them
Refusal again: have another caregiver try

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14
Q

wandering andf elopment safety measure

A

alarm system, it will set off an alarm if goes close to door
locked units
gated coutyard

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15
Q

discouraging sexual inappropriateness

A

redirct the convo
distract the pt with an activity
exposing in public: remind them this is not okay and to go to the bathroom
dress in clothing makes it more difficult to expose

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16
Q

cell

A

smallest living unit in body

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17
Q

tissue

A

cell group formed together
4 majors tissues:
epithelilai, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue

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18
Q

epithelial tissue

A

skin that lines the outside of our body

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19
Q

connective tissue

A

type of tissues that forms matric between the cells, it includes blood, bone, cartilage and fat

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20
Q

muscle tissue

A

tissue that makes movement by conttracting and relaxing when stimualted: there are three types of muscled cells; smoother, cardiac, and skeletal

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21
Q

smooth muscle

A

muscle tissue that contracts and relaxes involuntarily

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22
Q

cardiac muscle

A

a specialized type of muscle tissue that forms the heart and when stimulated forces it to beat involuntatily

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23
Q

skeletal muscle

A

this tissue type is foudn whever there are moving parts of the body
it is voluntary and purposeful

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24
Q

function of nervous tissue

A

tissue that sends, transmits, and recoves electrical impulses or messages between the body and brain

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25
peripheral nerves
the nerves that trasmits sigansl to and from the spinal cord, allowing the communication among the brain, the spinal cord and the rest of the body
26
organ
two ro more tissues type that function together
27
organ system
when one organ functions in cooperattion with another organ
28
integumentary system
the skin hair sweat glands fingernails and toenails
29
epidermis
the outermost layer of the skin
30
dermis
the middle layer of the skin
31
subcutanseous layer
the deepest layer of the skinw ehre adipose tissue is found
32
melanocyte
a cell in the skin that produces melanin which gives color to the skin
33
fucntion of ing sys
protect the body nonspecific defense mech skin- reg body temp skin works w nervous sys for pain
34
ing sys effects of aging
skin loses it elasticity becomes thinner melanocytes clump tg for age spots
35
musculoskeletal system
bones and musles in body bones store minterals and make blood 2 parts: axial and appendicular axail: skull, spine, rib cage appendicular: arms, legs, and hips
36
skeletal fcuntions
cranial bones help protect the brain facial bones: eating, speaking
37
effects of aging muscuoloskeletal
brittle and break easier marrow dec muscles mass dec
38
resp system
made up of nose, narse, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, and lungs hairlike structure: cilia that help protect body
39
resp sys effects of aging
muscle weakness so lungs do not expands as much as they should dec amount of air
40
cardiovascular system
heart, blood vessle,s and blood
41
cardiovascular effects of agign
elasticity of heart and blood bessles leseens blood comp also changes less oxygen is delivered to body
42
nervous sytem
made up of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves
43
effects of aging nervous sys
fewer neurons speeds of nerbous system dec vertebrae can be more brittle and break
44
endocrine system
gland or organ that secrete hromones hormone is a chemical that is secreted to regulate body function and emotions
45
effects of aging endocroine
homrone level decease wth age dec in metabolism dec in reproductive hormones
46
digestive system
alimentary canal: consiste of mouth, pharynx, espohafus, stomach, small intestine and large, rectum, anus
47
peristalsis
invoulntary action of smooth muscle conttacing and replacing rythmatically to move food and waste through the alimentary canal
48
urinary system
kidneys, ureters, bladder and urerhta invountary: ncontience
49
reproductive system
accesory sex organs
50
effects of repordtuve sys
menopause 45-55 vaginal dryness
51
lymphatic system
hollow vessels through the body that carru fluid no central pump composed of lymph vessels, nodes, and organs, fluids, and dutcs
52
effects of aging lymph sys
slows and weakends with age weaker immune system
53
holistic care
paying attention to and caring for a persons physical, emotional, social and spiritual needs ensure quality of life
54
maslows hierarchy
move upwards the needs change from necessary for surviving to those of self-actulization
55
self actualization
meetings ones own social, creatice, emotional, and spiritual needs to support quality of life
56
maslows hierchary triangle explained
lowest level:basic human needs (eating) next level: safety (momey/resources) next: love and belonging next: esteem- respect/admiration tip: self-actulization
57
homeostasis
internal body proccesess remain stable despite the outside variable
58
application of maslows heirachy to caregiving
1st meet their basic human needs 2nd: safety encourage bonds esteem met by dignity and respect last: self acultization by nutruing and brain stimulating activities
59
eriksons stages of development
infancy 0-12: trust caregiver toddler 2-3: autonomy/independtly preschool 4-5: inative, skills, principles child 6-11: responsibility, share, logical adolsecent 12-19: identity young adult 20-34: intimacy/relationshios middle adult 35-46: con to generation senior 65+ : ego integrity, reflect, goals meet
60
quality of life
holistic well being of the resident measure happiness via: emotional health, physical comfort, and spiritual wellness, social activity physical comfort spiritual wellness social activity relationsuops
61
consquences of social isolation
poor sleep emotional/physical apin dec in ability to perform ADLs dec physical activity
62
ways to help sleep deprivation
calm env dim lights routine back massage
63
grief
denail, anger, barg, dep, acc
64
mod and nonmod risk factors
modifiable risk factors: you can change them nonmodifable: characteristics a person has which cannot be changed
65
fomite
is an inanimate objec that harbors a germ/parasite
66
osteoarthritis
affects weight bearing of the joints progressors: cartilage starts to lessen
67
rheumatoid
autoimmune disorder body attacks self affected joints deformed
68
osteoporosis
gradual thinning of bone thinning of bone: stress fractures KYPHOSIS: foward bedning of the upper body. hunched look 6 inch lost
69
dyspnae atrophy contracture
1- shortness of breath 2- gradual loss or wasting of muscle mass 3- physical shortening of joint
70
arteriodclarosis atherosclarosis
hardening of arteries fat in the blood sticks to the inside of the artery wall
71
agina
chest pain
72
diaphoresis
excessive sweating
73
orthopnea
inability to lie flat due to the excess fluid retention most often from cong hr fail
74
nocutria
need to uriante at night
75
hypertension
high BP reading from 120/80 to 139/80 is a high reading
76
peripheral vascular disease/ occlusive disease
Affects the blood vessels outside of the hr and brain
77
status ucler
occurs from poor blood flow to lower extremities seen in peripheral vascular disease
78
multiples scleoriss (MS)
neurologial disorder that scars and destorys the myelign sheath surrounding neurons no longer communication bc mylein sheeth
79
aspiration
inhaling vomit, food, or savila into the lungs
80
neuropathy
perphial nerves are damaged or inflammed
81
cataracts
lens of eye help to fliter light lens becomes clouded
82
glaucoma
high pressure within eye dec vision lead to blidness
83
mascular degenration
macula is in center of retina damaged and images are blurred affects ability to look straight at obkect
84
diabetes
1: pancreas cannot produce insluin daily injection 2: cell that takes blood sugar become resistant to inlusin (obesity ) diet and exercises oral med 70 to 100 3: pregant women
85
hypoglycemia hyperglycemia
low blood sugar 70mg/dL high blood syper 100mg hypo- life threatning
86
hyperthyrodism hypothyrodism
hyper: overactive thyroid gland controls metbalosim (graves) hypo: slowing dow the body metabolism underactive
87
gastroesophageal refulx
the gastric acids to come back up to the esophagus from the stomach difficult swallowing
88
hernia
soft tissue organs pushes through the well of a body cavity portuding from body inguinal hernia: small intestine pushes through grion
89
diverticulities
weakened ares of the intestine that push outward creating small pouches occur: colon
90
peritonteal dialysis
circulate fluids through the abdominal cavity 30 min daily carried out at home
91
proplasped blaader or cystocele
vaginal wall can no longer hold the bladder in place
92
kaposi sacromca
a cancer caused by a virus that is closdelt related to aids infections it is identified by purplish lessions

CNA (13 decks)

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