Mod 6

Question 1

Hypofunction

Answer 1

Inadequate amount of hormone

Question 2

Hyperfunction

Answer 2

Excessive amount of hormone

Question 3

What are the three levels of dysfunction?

Answer 3

1. Primary (Endocrine gland itself)
2. Secondary (Abnormal pituitary activity)
3. Tertiary (Dysfunction of hypothalamic origin)

Question 4

Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs)

Answer 4

Chemical in environment that can alter endogenous hormone functions

Question 5

Goiter

Answer 5

Enlargement of the thyroid

Question 6

Hormone deficiency

Answer 6

Gland destruction
(Autoimmune, infection, tumor, inflammation, infarction)

EX. Type 1 DM

Question 7

Hormone Excess

Answer 7

Tumor growth, autoimmune, genetic mutation (grave’s dz)

Question 8

Hormone resistance

Answer 8

Usually genetic (lack hormone receptor or ability to respond)
Ex. Type 2 DM

Question 9

Neoplasia/Tumor

Answer 9

Hypofunction or hyperfunction of gland itself or any endocrine tissue the gland affects

Some cancers: paraneoplastic disorder in which cancer cells secrete hormone-like substances

Question 10

Hypervolemia

Answer 10

Fluid overload

Question 11

Myxedema

Answer 11

Adult severe hypothyroidism

Question 12

Exophthalmos

Answer 12

Wide-eyed stare
(Grave’s DZ)
Hyperthyroidism

Question 13

Hirsutism

Answer 13

Male pattern hair growth

Question 14

amenorrhea

Answer 14

An abnormal absence of menstration

Question 15

Polydipsia

Answer 15

Increase thirst

Question 16

Polyuria

Answer 16

Increase urine

Question 17

Glycogenesis

Answer 17

The process of glycogen formation

Question 18

Glycogenolysis

Answer 18

Breakdown of glycogen to glucose

Question 19

Polyphagia

Answer 19

Increased appetite

Question 20

Lacunar infarcts

Answer 20

small infarcts in the brain due to occlusion of tiny blood vessels
(Transient Ischemic Attack)

Question 21

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer 21

Arterial branch in subarachnoid space ruptures

May be the result of head trauma or aneurysm rupture.
Hemorrhagic stroke

Question 22

Anoxic encephalopathy

Answer 22

Lack of oxygen delivery causes decreased level of consciousness
(Hemorrhagic stroke)

Question 23

Aneurysm rupture

Answer 23

Most common location: Circle of Willis

Question 24

Hemiparesis

Answer 24

Weakness of extremities on one side of the body

Question 25

Atonic

Answer 25

Weak or limp muscles

Question 26

Clonic

Answer 26

Sustained rhythmical jerking

Question 27

Myoclonus

Answer 27

Muscle twitching

Question 28

Nonmotor symptom

Answer 28

“Absence seizures” (staring spells with no movement)

Question 29

Aura

Answer 29

Sensation before a seizure

Question 29

Ictal period

Answer 29

Time of seizure

Question 30

Postictal

Answer 30

After seizure complete | -Person may be tired, confused, nauseated, may have amnesia

Question 31

Interictal

Answer 31

If multiple seizures occur in short time, the time between seizures

Question 32

Which disorder does the nurse recognize as being caused by an increase in the hormones that are secreted from the adrenal gland?

Answer 32

1. Addison's disease 2. Hypothyroidism 3. Diabetes insipidus 4. Cushing's syndrome *******************

Question 33

Which neurotransmitter is depleted in clients with Parkinson's disease?

Answer 33

Dopamine

Question 34

This is an autoimmune disease that attacks acetylcholine receptors in the neuron

Answer 34

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 35

Which type of stroke do 85% of clients have?

Answer 35

Ischemia

Question 36

Guillain-Barre Syndrome has been seen with clients after having COVID-19 infections. This disease is..

Answer 36

Acute-inflammation of demyelination of neurons

Question 37

All of the following are associated to seizures in epilepsy except...

Answer 37

1. Atonic 2. Focal 3. Aura 4. Bilateral pain ********************************