MOD 7 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What does IAPP stand for in abdominal assessment?
Inspect, Auscultate, Percuss, Palpate (performed in this order to avoid stimulating bowel sounds).
What does OPQRST stand for in pain assessment?
Onset, Precipitating factors, Quality, Radiation, Severity, Time.
What is odynophagia?
Pain on swallowing.
What does haematemesis indicate?
Vomiting blood, often from upper GI bleeding.
What does black, tarry stool (melaena) suggest?
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
What is Cullen’s sign?
Periumbilical bruising; may indicate acute pancreatitis or ectopic pregnancy.
Name the six F’s of abdominal distension.
Fat, Flatus, Faeces, Fluid, Foetus, and (sometimes) Fatal tumour.
What is Koilonychia and what does it indicate?
Spoon-shaped nails indicating iron deficiency anemia.
What does asterixis (flapping tremor) suggest?
Hepatic encephalopathy or severe liver disease.
What is Murphy’s sign used to detect?
Gallbladder inflammation (cholecystitis).
When auscultating for bowel sounds, how long should you listen if absent?
Up to 3 minutes in the right lower quadrant.
What does a bruit on abdominal auscultation suggest?
Vascular turbulence, possibly an abdominal aortic aneurysm.
What is caput medusae?
Dilated veins around the umbilicus indicating portal hypertension.
What is Virchow’s node a sign of?
Gastric cancer (supraclavicular lymphadenopathy).
What is Dupuytren’s contracture associated with?
Chronic liver disease (often due to alcoholism).
What conditions may mouth ulcers suggest?
Crohn’s disease, leukopenia.
What is angular stomatitis and what causes it?
Cracks at the mouth corners due to B12/iron deficiency.
What is assessed during light palpation?
Tenderness, guarding, superficial masses.
What is assessed during deep palpation?
Size, shape, consistency, and organ borders.
What suggests an abnormal liver edge?
Firmness, bluntness, irregularity, or nodularity.
What is the purpose of abdominal percussion?
To estimate organ size and detect free fluid (ascites).
What are typical interview questions for abdominal assessment?
GI diagnoses, abdominal surgery, medication use, swallowing issues, last bowel movement.
What signs might indicate lower GI obstruction?
Bilious/fecal vomiting, absolute constipation, abdominal distension.
