MODES OF INHERITANCE (PPT)

Question 1

It is transmitted on unbroken descent

Answer 1

Autosomal Dominant

Question 2

Autosomal dominant is ________ and _______________ recessive.

Answer 2

Heterozygote; Homozygous

Question 3

Autosomal dominant is ___________ mutant gene.

Answer 3

50%

Question 4

It is between two heterozygotes and can be transmitted by a long line of carriers.

Answer 4

Autosomal recessive

Question 5

It has 1/4 chance of being passed on and it is common in-breeding.

Answer 5

Autosomal Recessive

Question 6

It has severe conditions that are unlikely to be passed on.

Answer 6

Autosomal recessive

Question 7

The chance that both maternal and paternal alleles at one locus are identical by descent.

Answer 7

Coefficient of In-breeding

Question 8

The proportion of all the individual’s genes are homozygous because of identity by common descent.

Answer 8

Coefficient of In-breeding

Question 9

This is where two characteristics behave completely independently of each other.

Answer 9

Independent Assortment

Question 10

What ‘cross’ do independent assortment use?

Answer 10

Dihybrid cross

Question 11

The ratio that independent assortment produces which applies the principle of probability

Answer 11

9:3:3:1

Question 12

This principle allows easy calculation of probability of genotypes and phenotypes among offsprings

Answer 12

Principle of probability

Question 13

Under PRINCIPLE OF PROBABILITY
Impossible event : 0
Certain event: _____

Answer 13

1

Question 14

If the probability of event x id p then the probability of “not x” is _________? `

Answer 14

1-p

Question 15

The probability of two independent events occurring is the product of their two _________________

Answer 15

individual probabilities

Question 16

When two independent events occur simultaneously, the combined probability of the two
outcomes is not equal to the product of their individual probabilities of occurrence.

Answer 16

Product Law

Question 17

What are the mendel’s postulate?

Answer 17

Unit Factors in Pairs
Dominance and Recessiveness
Segregation

Question 18

Studied varieties of peas (Stamen and Anthers) – self-fertilization and
cross-fertilization

Answer 18

Gregor Johann Mendel

Question 19

Gregor Johann Mendel’s study among plants lasted from ___________; the result of his studies
was later published in ________.

Answer 19

1856-1868
1866

Question 20

He is coined the “Father of Genetics”

Answer 20

Gregor Johann Mendel

Question 21

The study of inheritance from generation to generation is known as _______?

Answer 21

Transmission genetics

Question 22

Transmission genetics is also called as ______________.

Answer 22

“Mendelian genetics”

Question 23

“Factors” in modern times is termed as?

Answer 23

“Genes”

Question 24

This is a type of breeding wherein the plants only produced progeny like themselves when allowed to self-fertilize.

Answer 24

True breeding

Question 25

When 2 varieties that differ in one or more traits are crossed, the progeny constitute a _______between the parental varieties.

Answer 25

hybrid

Question 26

Crosses in which parental varieties differ in one, two or three traits of interest

Answer 26

Mendelian Inheritance

Question 27

Why did Gregor Mendel choose peas?

Answer 27

> They grow quickly > They reproduce by self- pollination > They posses characteristics that are easily recognized > Their pollination can be controlled

Question 28

the result from a cross between two pure breeding plants

Answer 28

First filial generation (F1 generation)

Question 29

The traits that appears in the F1 generation are ____________

Answer 29

dominant traits

Question 30

The traits that are hidden were called _____________.

Answer 30

recessive traits

Question 31

Comprised of offspring resulting from a cross of the members of F1 generation

Answer 31

Second filial generation (F2 generation)

Question 32

It is where recessive trait usually reappears

Answer 32

Second filial generation (F2 generation)

Question 33

“Genetic characters are controlled by unit factors that exist in pairs in individual organisms”

Answer 33

Unit Factors in Pairs

Question 34

“When 2 unlike unit factors responsible for a single character are present in a single individual, one unit factor is dominant to the other and the other recessive.”

Answer 34

Dominance and Recessiveness

Question 35

“During the formation of gametes, the paired unit factors separate or segregate randomly so that each gamete receives one or the other with equal likelihood”

Answer 35

Segregation

Question 36

Under Law of Segregation, during the formation of gametes (Meiosis or Gametogenesis), the two alleles responsible for a trait ___________ from each other.

Answer 36

Separate

Question 37

LAW OF SEGREGATION: Alleles for a trait are then __________ at fertilization, producing the genotype for the traits of the offspring.

Answer 37

“recombined”

Question 38

LAW OF SEGREGATION: For every given trait, an organism must inherit _______ factor from the sperm and one from the egg

Answer 38

one

Question 39

Mendel noticed during all his work that the height of the plant and the shape of the seeds and the color of the pods had no impact on one another.

Answer 39

Law of Independent Assortment

Question 40

Law of Independent Assortment: Alleles for different traits are distributed to ____________ (and offspring) independently of one another.

Answer 40

sex cells

Question 41

Law of Independent Assortment: Alleles on different ________are distributed randomly to individual gametes.

Answer 41

chromosomes

Question 42

The genes of one characteristic were not influenced by the genes for any other characteristics

Answer 42

Law of Independent Assortment

Question 43

The separation of gene pairs in a given pair of chromosomes and the distribution of the genes to gametes during meiosis are entirely ___________ of the distribution of other gene pairs in other pairs of chromosomes.

Answer 43

Independent

Question 44

When Mendel crossed plants that have pure traits with plants having seven other traits, all offspring showed only one form of the trait

Answer 44

Law of Dominance

Question 45

Law of Dominance: Mendel also noted that the first ______________ always resembled only one of its parents

Answer 45

hybrid generation

Question 46

Law of Dominance: The recessive trait showed in about __________ of the second generation traits

Answer 46

1⁄4

Question 47

Law of Dominance: A _______________ completely masks the expression of a recessive allele.

Answer 47

dominant allele

Question 48

Law of Dominance: A ___________ produces the same phenotype in heterozygotes and in homozygotes.

Answer 48

dominant allele

Question 49

Law of Dominance: When pure parents with opposite traits are mated, the ____________shows only one trait (dominant) the other trait (recessive) is hidden

Answer 49

F1 generation

Question 50

It is invented by Reginald Punnett

Answer 50

Punnet Square

Question 51

It determine the possible combination of genes in a cross.

Answer 51

The Punnet Square

Question 52

They can be used as predictive tools when considering having children

Answer 52

The Punnet Square

Question 53

They are used as standard tools by genetic counselors; the likelihood of inheriting many traits, including useful ones can be predicted using them.

Answer 53

The Punnet Square