Mods7

Question 1

A _____ occurs wherever the bones meet.

Answer 1

Join (articulation)

Question 2

Joints are classified ___ and ____.

Answer 2

structurally, functionally

Question 3

______________ is based on the degree to which the joint permits movement.

Answer 3

Functional classification

Question 4

Three types of Functional Classification in Joints

Answer 4

Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Diarthrosis

Question 5

____ joint permits no movement. Structurally it may be a fibrous or cartilaginous joint.

Answer 5

synarthrosis

Question 6

joint permits only slight movement. Structurally it may be a fibrous or cartilaginous joint.

Answer 6

Amphiarthrosis

Question 7

_____ joint is a freely movable joint. Structurally, it is always a ________ joint.

Answer 7

diarthrosis
Synovial joint

Question 8

____ is based on the materials that hold the joint together and whether or not a cavity is present in the joint.

Answer 8

Structural classification

Question 9

Structural classification (3)

Answer 9

Fibrous joints
Cartilaginous joints
Synovial joints

Question 10

• held together by fibrous connective tissue

Answer 10

fibrous joints

Question 11

No joint cavity is present

Answer 11

fibrous joints

Question 12

_____ may be immovable or slightly movable.

Answer 12

fibrous joints

Question 13

Held together by cartilage (hyaline or fibrocartilage)

Answer 13

Cartilaginous joints

Question 14

No joint cavity is present.

Answer 14

Cartilaginous joints

Question 15

________ may be immovable or slightly movable.

Answer 15

Cartilaginous joints

Question 16

Characterized by a synovial cavity (joint cavity) containing synovial fluid.

Answer 16

Synovial joints

Question 17

are freely movable and characterize most joints of the body

Answer 17

Synovial joints

Question 18

Features of synovial joint(6)

Answer 18

Articular cartilage
Joint(articular) cartilage
Articular capsule
Synovial fluids
Reinforcing ligaments
Nerves and blood vessels

Question 19

Articular cartilage
Glassy smooth hyaline cartilage covers the opposing bone surfaces as _____.

Answer 19

Articular cartilage

Question 20

These thin (1mm or less) but spongy cushions absorb compression placed on the joint…

Answer 20

Articular cartilage

Question 21

The joint cavity is a feature that is unique to synovial joints.

Answer 21

Joint(articular) cartilage

Question 22

It contains a small amount of synovial fluid. The joint cavity is a potential space because it is normally almost nonexistent, but can expand if fluid accumulates(as happens during inflammation)

Answer 22

Joint(articular) cartilage

Question 23

The joint cavity is enclosed by a two-layered articular capsule or joint capsule.

Answer 23

Articular capsule

Question 24

The tough external ____________ is composed of dense irregular connective tissue…

Answer 24

Joint(articular) cartilage

exact answer: fibrous layer

Question 25

The inner layer of the joint capsule is a ________ composed of loose connective tissue.

Answer 25

Joint(articular) cartilage exact answer: synovial membrane

Question 26

Its function is to make synovial fluid.

Answer 26

synovial membrane

Question 27

A small amount of slippery fluid occupies all free spaces within the joint capsule.

Answer 27

Synovial fluid

Question 28

________ has a visious, egg white consistency (ovum = egg) due to hyaluronic acid secreted

Answer 28

Synovial fluid

Question 29

It is also found within the articular cartilages, provides a slippery, weight-bearing film that reduces friction between the cartilages.

Answer 29

Synovial fluid

Question 30

Without this lubricant, rubbing would wear awat joint surfaces and excessive friction could overheat and destroy the joint tissues.

Answer 30

Synovial fluid

Question 31

Synovial joints are reinforced and strengthened by a number of bandlike ligaments

Answer 31

Reinforcing ligaments

Question 32

Mos often these are ______________ which are thickened parts of the fibrous layer.

Answer 32

Reinforcing ligaments (under) exact answer: capsular ligaments

Question 33

Synovial joints are richly supplied with sensory nerve fibers that innervate the capsule. - some of the fibers detect pain. - Synovial joints are richly supplied with blood vessels

Answer 33

nerves and blood vessels

Question 34

Types of synovial joints (6)

Answer 34

Plane(gliding) Hinge Pivot Condylar (condyloid) Saddle Ball and socket joints

Question 35

Common disorders of the skeletal system may be categorized as disorders of the ____ or disorders of the ____.

Answer 35

bones joints

Question 36

is the branch of medicine that specializes in treating diseases and abnormalities of the skeletal system.

Answer 36

Orthopedics

Question 37

Disorders of the bones(4)

Answer 37

Fractures Osteomyelitis Osteoporosis Rickets

Question 38

are broken bones

Answer 38

fractures

Question 39

Examples/ subtypes of fractures (11)

Answer 39

Complete Compound Simple Comminuted Segmental Spiral Oblique Transverse Incomplete Green Stick fissured

Question 40

the break is completely through the bone

Answer 40

complete

Question 41

a broken bone pierces the skin

Answer 41

compound

Question 42

a bone does not pierce the skin

Answer 42

simple

Question 43

the bone is broken into several pieces

Answer 43

comminuted

Question 44

only one piece is broken out

Answer 44

segmental

Question 45

fracture line spirals around the bone

Answer 45

spiral

Question 46

break angles across the bone

Answer 46

oblique

Question 47

the break is at right angles to the long axis

Answer 47

transverse

Question 48

the bone is not broken completely

Answer 48

incomplete

Question 49

the break is only on one side of the bone, and the bone is bowed.

Answer 49

green stick

Question 50

the break is lengthwise split in the bone

Answer 50

fissured

Question 51

inflammation of bone and bone marrow caused by **bacterial infection** - treatable with antibiotics but not easily cured

Answer 51

osteomyelitis

Question 52

weakening of bones due to the **removal of calcium salts** - common in older persons - more common on postmenopausal women bcs of lack of estrogen.

Answer 52

osteoporosis

Question 53

_____ and ____ are often prescribed postmenopausal women to help prevent osteoporosis.

Answer 53

estrogen calcium

Question 54

a deficiency of calcium salts in the bones

Answer 54

rickets

Question 55

Disorders of the joints (5)

Answer 55

arthritis dislocation herniated disk Spinal curvatures Sprains

Question 56

characterized by inflammation, **swelling(edema)**, and pain

Answer 56

arthritis

Question 57

arthritis is the most painful and crippling type

Answer 57

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 58

the most common type -degenerative disease results from aging

Answer 58

Osteoarthritis

Question 59

**displacement** of bones

Answer 59

dislocation

Question 60

condition in which an invertebral disk

Answer 60

herniated disk

Question 61

Spinal curvatures(3)

Answer 61

Scoliosis Kyphosis Lordosis

Question 62

usually congenital disorders

Answer 62

spinal curvatures

Question 63

abnormal lateral curature of the vertebral column

Answer 63

scoliosis

Question 64

is an excessive thoracic curvature of the vertebral column produces humpback

Answer 64

kyphosis

Question 65

excessive lumbar curvature - swayback condition

Answer 65

lordosis

Question 66

tearing or excessive stretching

Answer 66

sprains

Question 67

hip joint

Answer 67

ball and socket joints

Question 68

between C1 and C2 vertebrae

Answer 68

pivot joint

Question 69

elbow

Answer 69

hinge joint

Question 70

between trapezium carpal bone and 1st metacarpal bone

Answer 70

saddle joint

Question 71

between tarsal bones

Answer 71

plane joint

Question 72

between radius and carpal bones of wrist

Answer 72

condyloid joint

Question 73

S.A.D Joint in the invertebral discs of vertebral column

Answer 73

amphiarthrosis

Question 74

S.A.D immovable joint

Answer 74

synarthrosis

Question 75

S.A.D joint between humerus and ulna

Answer 75

diarthrosis

Question 76

S.A.D joint between cranial bones

Answer 76

synarthrosis

Question 77

S.A.D freely movable joint

Answer 77

diarthrosis

Question 78

F.C.S all freely movable joints

Answer 78

synovial joint

Question 79

F.C.S include the hip, knee, and elbow joints

Answer 79

synovial joint

Question 80

characterized by cartilage connecting the bony portions

Answer 80

cartilaginous joint

Question 81

joint between teeth and sockets

Answer 81

fibrous joint

Question 82

sutures are the most remembered examples

Answer 82

fibrous joint

Question 83

knee joint

Answer 83

hinge joint

Question 84

dens of axis/atlas joint

Answer 84

pivot joint

Question 85

hip joint

Answer 85

ball and socket joint

Question 86

between carpus and first metacarpal

Answer 86

saddle joint

Question 87

between metacarpals and phalanges

Answer 87

condyloid joint

Question 88

between tarsals

Answer 88

plane joint