Mods4

Question 1

The ___________ _________ consists of bones, cartilage, and the membranes that line the bones.

Answer 1

skeletal system

Question 2

Each bone is an organ that includes what?

Answer 2

nervous tissue
epithelial tissue
connective tissue

Question 3

Bones have many functions, including the following:

Answer 3

support
protection
movement
mineral storage
blood cell production
energy storage

Question 4

Bones provide a framework for the attachment of muscles and other tissues.

Answer 4

Support

Question 5

Bones such as the skull and rib cage protect internal organs from injury.

Answer 5

Protection

Question 6

Bones enable body _______ by acting as levers and points of attachment for muscles.

Answer 6

Movement

Question 7

Bones serve as a reservoir for **calcium and phosphorus, **

Answer 7

Mineral storage

Question 8

The production of blood cells, or hematopoiesis, occurs in the red marrow found within the cavities of certain bones.

Answer 8

Blood cell production

Question 9

Lipids, such as fats, stored in adipose cells of the yellow marrow serve as an ______.

Answer 9

___________= energy reservoir

actual answer: energy storage

Question 10

How many bones are there in the body?

Answer 10

206 bones

Question 11

What are the 6 types of bones?

Answer 11

Long
Short
Flat
Irregular
Sesamoid(round bones)
Sutural

Question 12

longer than they are wide; length of the bone, or shaft, widens at the extremities (ends)

Answer 12

Long

Question 13

Give an example of long bone.

Answer 13

Humerus(arm)

Question 14

Cubelike, about as long as they are wide

Answer 14

Short

Question 15

Give an example of short bone.

Answer 15

Carpals(wrist)

Question 16

thin or flattened

Answer 16

Flat

Question 17

Give an example of flat bones.

Answer 17

frontal(skull)
parietal
ribs

Question 18

have specific shapes, unlike the other types of bones.

Answer 18

Irregular

Question 19

Give an example of irregular bones.

Answer 19

vertebrae(spinal chord)
facial bones
hip bones

Question 20

The following two bone types are usually classified separately:

Answer 20

Sesamoid(round bones)
Sutural

Question 21

found embedded within certain tendons

Answer 21

sesamoid(round bones)

Question 22

Give an example of sesamoid bones

Answer 22

patella(kneecap)

Question 23

occur between the sutures(joints) of the cranial bones of the skill

Answer 23

sutural

Question 24

Give an example of sutural bone

Answer 24

wormian bones

Question 25

The skeletal system contains two major types of connective tissue:

Answer 25

bone and cartilage

Question 26

What are the types of bones? And how many are them?

Answer 26

2 Spongy and Compact

Question 27

Porous bone in the end of the long bone

Answer 27

Spongy

Question 28

Texture results from needlelike threads of bone called ______ surrounded by a network of open spaces.

Answer 28

Spongy ______= trabeculae

Question 29

Found in ______ of bones

Answer 29

Spongy ______= epiphyses

Question 30

Spaces contain red bone marrow

Answer 30

Spongy

Question 31

Outer layer; hard and dense; appears solid to the naked eye

Answer 31

Compact

Question 32

Structural unit is an ______ calcified matrix arranged in multiple layers or rings called concentric lamella.

Answer 32

Compact _________= osteon

Question 33

Bone cells are called ________ and are found inside spaces called _____ which are connected by tiny tubes called _____.

Answer 33

1. osteocytes 2. lacunae 3. canaliculi

Question 34

Both resembles and differs from bone.

Answer 34

Cartilage

Question 35

Cell type called chondrocyte?

Answer 35

Cartilage

Question 36

cartilage has what type of cell?

Answer 36

chondrocyte

Question 37

matrix is gel-like and lacks blood vessels

Answer 37

cartilage

Question 38

has the flexibility of a firm plastic rather than the rigidity of bone.

Answer 38

cartilage

Question 39

What are the 6 main parts of long bone?

Answer 39

Diaphysis Medullary cavity Epiphyses Articular cartilage Periosteum Endosteum

Question 40

hollow tube made of hard, compact bone, hence rigid and strong structure...

Answer 40

Diaphysis

Question 41

the hollow area inside the diaphysis of a bone

Answer 41

medullary cavity

Question 42

contains soft yellow born marrow, an inactive fatty form of marrow

Answer 42

medullary cavity

Question 43

the ends of the bone----red marrow

Answer 43

epiphyses

Question 44

a thin layer of cartilage covering each epiphysis

Answer 44

articular cartilage

Question 45

functions like a small rubber cushion

Answer 45

articular cartilage

Question 46

a strong fibrous membrane covering a long bone everywhere except at joint surfaces, where it is covered by articular cartilage

Answer 46

periosteum

Question 47

contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels...

Answer 47

periosteum

Question 48

a thin membrane that lines the medullary cavty

Answer 48

endosteum

Question 49

In flat bones, the spongy bone tissue is encircled by a thin layer of compact bone tissue. The spongy bone tissue is called _____.

Answer 49

diploe

Question 50

Bones are classified by their? (2)

Answer 50

Shape – Structure

Question 51

Wormian bones, are small, flat, oddly shaped bones found between the flat bones of the skull. They range in size from a grain of sand to a quarter. Their borders are like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle.

Answer 51

Sutural bones,

Question 52

have complex shapes with short, flat, notched, or ridged surfaces. The vertebrae that form the spinal column, the bones of the pelvis, and several bones in the skull are examples of irregular bones.

Answer 52

Irregular bones

Question 53

are boxlike in appearance. Examples of short bones include the carpal bones (wrists) and tarsal bones (ankles).

Answer 53

Short bones

Question 54

have thin, parallel surfaces. ______ form the roof of the skull, the sternum (breastbone), the ribs, and the scapulae (shoulder blades). They provide protection for underlying soft tissues and offer an extensive surface area for the attachment of skeletal muscles.

Answer 54

Flat Bones

Question 55

are relatively long and slender. They are located in the arm and forearm, thigh and leg, palms, soles, fingers, and toes. The femur, the long bone of the thigh, is the largest and heaviest bone in the body.

Answer 55

Long Bones

Question 56

are usually small, round, and flat. They are found near joints of the knees, hands, and feet. Few people have sesamoid bones at every possible location, but everyone has sesamoid patellae (pa -TEL -ē; the singular, patella, a small shallow dish), or kneecaps.

Answer 56

Sesamoid bones

Question 57

Wall of compact bone * Central space called medullary cavity (marrow cavity)

Answer 57

Diaphysis

Question 58

(wide part at each end) * Mostly spongy bone (trabecular bone)

Answer 58

Epiphysis

Question 59

Where diaphysis and epiphysis meet

Answer 59

metaphysis

Question 60

– Consist of spongy bone between two layers of compact bone (cortex) – Within the cranium, the layer of spongy bone is called the diploë

Answer 60

Structure of flat bones

Question 61

– Dense, supportive connective tissue – Contains specialized cells – Solid extracellular matrix with collagen fibers

Answer 61

Bone tissue

Question 62

– intercellular substance of the bone that forms most of the mass of the bone – organic and inorganic materials – Calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2 makes up almost two-thirds of bone mass – Matrix proteins - about one-third of bone mass is collagen fibers

Answer 62

Bone matrix

Question 63

Bone cell types(4)

Answer 63

Osteogenic cells * Osteoblasts * Osteocytes * Osteoclasts

Question 64

Make up only 2 percent of bone mass

Answer 64

Bone cells

Question 65

* Mesenchymal cells that divide to produce osteoblasts * Located in inner cellular layer of periosteum and in endosteum * Assist in fracture repair

Answer 65

Osteogenic cells (osteoprogenitor cells)

Question 66

* Immature cells that produce new bone matrix during osteogenesis (ossification) * Osteoid—matrix produced by osteoblasts that has not yet become calcified * Osteoblasts surrounded by bone matrix become osteocytes

Answer 66

Osteoblasts

Question 67

* Mature bone cells that do not divide * Two major functions * Maintain protein and mineral content of matrix * Help repair damaged bone

Answer 67

Osteocytes

Question 68

– Absorb and remove bone matrix – Large, multinucleate cells – Secrete acids and protein-digesting enzymes * Dissolve bone matrix and release stored minerals

Answer 68

Osteoclasts

Question 69

insert sa compact bone naa sa ppt

Answer 69

please review and read sd sa ppt