Module 1: Finance and Administration of Airports

Question 1

What was the first air route system?

Answer 1

US Mail (US Government)

Question 2

What is the law that effectively created commercial aviation through air mail service? Set precedence aviation should pay for itself.

Answer 2

The Kelly Act (Air Mail Act of 1925)-Authorized the postmaster general to contract for Domestic airmail service with commercial airlines…

Question 3

Private aircraft operators use ___________ to fuel, flight plan, aircraft parking, and take care of other needs. These also became some of the first airline passenger terminal buildings.

Answer 3

Fixed-base operator (FBO)

Question 4

______________ became the cornerstone of the federal government’s regulation of civil aviation.

Answer 4

Air Commerce Act of 1926
-The legislation was passed at the insistence of the burgeoning airline industry itself, which felt that aviation could not reach its full commercial potential without federal regulations to establish and improve safety standards.

Question 5

What law gave the federal government regulation of civil aviation by establishing the Aeronautics branch to establish/improve safety standards?

Answer 5

Air Commerce Act or 1926-These responsibilities still lie within the control of the federal government and are now the responsibility of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)

Question 6

What departments were created with the passage of the Air Commerce Act of 1926?

Answer 6

Aeronautics Branch, within the Department of Commerce.

Question 7

The first meeting of the American Association of Airport Executives (AAAE) consisted of how many airport directors?

Answer 7

10 airport directors attended at National Air Races at Mines Field (now Los Angeles International Airport)

Question 8

The first airport trade organization, which sets professional accreditation standards is the ____________?

Answer 8

American Association of Airport Executives (AAAE)

Question 9

What are mandates from the FAA?

Answer 9

Federal Regulations

Question 10

___________ is any public agency or private owner of a public-use airport (governing body).

Answer 10

Airport Sponsor

Question 11

___________ is an individual, such as airport director or manager or director of aviation, that is retained by the Sponsor to manage the airport

Answer 11

Airport Executive

Question 12

___________ is the management structure overall, including sponsor, executive, and essential personnel

Answer 12

Airport Operator

Question 13

__________ are the operators of most US public-use airports.

Answer 13

Local Governments

Question 14

The predecessor to FAA - air traffic control, certification, safety enforcement and airway development is the ____________?

Answer 14

Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA)

Question 15

When the Civil Aeronautics Administration was split, _____________ established safety rules, aircraft accident investigations, and economic regulation of airlines.

Answer 15

Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB)

Question 16

Which law allowed airlines and air cargo operators to freely raise/lower airfares and expand/remove routes at will? This law also dissolved the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB).

Answer 16

-Airline Deregulation Act of 1978.
-This forever changed the airport-airline dynamic, allowing airlines to move operations to more favorable markets.
-This also allowed the concept of “Hub-and-Spoke” airports, which was adopted from air cargo operators.

Question 17

Which law allowed companies, such as Federal Express to implement “Hub-and-Spoke” method of shipping goods?

Answer 17

Air Cargo Deregulation Act of 1976.-Changed from point to point delivery to a “hub” as a means of re-sorting and then heading to it’s final destination.

Question 18

What are the “roots” for today’s FAA?

Answer 18

Today’s FAA has its “roots” in the Department of Commerce and originally was charged with “Fostering Air Commerce”.
-Many FAA regulations, orders, AC’s contain language that leans to safety and supporting commerce functions within aviation.

Question 19

What program grants funds for airport projects (primarily runway and taxiway), if the airport is in the National Airport Plan?

Answer 19

Federal Aid to Airports Program (FAAP)

Question 20

The _____________ lists the recommendations for airport construction, maintenance and operations.

Answer 20

National Airport Plan (NAP)

Question 21

Regulations for airport operators that accept federal grant monies or property that significantly impacts how an operator conducts businesses are ____________?

Answer 21

Sponsor Assurances (a.k.a. Grant Assurances)

Question 22

What law gave the FAA safety and rulemaking authority from the Civil Aeronautics Board? -This law also turned the CAB into the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), which is a department of Federal Department of Transportation.

Answer 22

Federal Aviations Act of 1958

Question 23

What law created the Airport Development Aid Program (ADAP) and Planning Grant Program (PGP)?

Answer 23

Airport and Airway Development Act-created to continue flow of grant money to airports.

Question 24

The certification program for commercial service airports and issuing operating certificates is regulated by ___________?

Answer 24

Title 14, CFR Part 139, Certification of Airports

Question 25

What law established a fund financed by airfare taxes, aviation fuel taxes, air freight, and registration fees?

Answer 25

Airport and Airway Trust Act-Passed as part of the Airport and Airway Development Act (AADA).

Question 26

The ___________ lists projects eligible for federal funding (capital projects at public-use airports).

Answer 26

Airport Improvement Program (AIP)

Question 27

The Airport Improvement Program (AIP) and National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems were established by the ____________?

Answer 27

Airport and Airway Improvement Act (AAIA)

Question 28

____________ identifies 3,345 airports important to national air transportation and eligible for AIP grants.

Answer 28

National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS)

Question 29

What organization was created in response to the attacks on world trade center towers 1 and 2, the pentagon and the field in Pennsylvania?

Answer 29

Transportation Security Administration (TSA)

Question 30

The use of __________ is making ground and commercial aviation improvements?

Answer 30

Global Positioning Systems (GPS)

Question 31

What are the initiatives for efficient, more secure, and safer air travel, affecting the entirety of the US air traffic control system?

Answer 31

Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen)

Question 32

Which law endorsed NextGen?

Answer 32

Vision 100-Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act

Question 33

List the 4 airport stakeholder groups.

Answer 33

1. Government Entities 2. Aeronautical users 3. Non-aeronautical users 4. Community

Question 34

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles have created a challenge and opportunities to what system?

Answer 34

National Airspace System (NAS)

Question 35

Airlines, corporate flight departments, FBOs, aircraft manufacturers, UAV operators, are examples of ____________?

Answer 35

Aeronautical users

Question 36

Flight schools, maintenance repair shops, aircraft charter operations, or other single service providers, are known as ____________?

Answer 36

Specialized aviation service operators (SASOs) -Also an example of Aeronautical user.

Question 37

Concessionaires, vendors, contractors, rental cars, land lessees, and advertisers, are examples of ____________?

Answer 37

Non-aeronautical users

Question 38

Passengers, shippers, surrounding cities, nearby homeowners, are examples of ____________ stakeholders.

Answer 38

Community

Question 39

____________ is a business granted the right by the airport sponsor to operate on and airport and provide services such as fueling, hangaring, tie-down and parking, aircraft rental, aircraft maintenance, flight instructions, etc.?

Answer 39

Fixed-Base Operator (FBO)

Question 40

_________ are sometimes known as single-service providers or special FBOs.

Answer 40

Specialized aviation serice operators (SASOs)

Question 41

Which stakeholder desires hangar space and facilities for smaller aircraft?

Answer 41

Private aircraft operators

Question 42

Which stakeholder desires efficient passenger, baggage, cargo, and aircraftthroughput, as well as office/administration facilities?

Answer 42

Airlines

Question 43

Which stakeholders desire fueling abilities, confidentiality/discretion, exceptional pavement/maintenance?

Answer 43

Corporate aircraft operators

Question 44

Which stakeholders desire "good for business" conditions and level playing field?

Answer 44

FBOs and SASOs

Question 45

What are the alternate ways to fly privately owned, without owning an aircraft?

Answer 45

Fixed-Fleet OperatorsFractional OwnershipJet Card ProgramsOn-Demand Charter (i.e., Broker)Cargo Feeders

Question 46

Airport sponsors who suspect illegal charter activities can present their concerns to the _________, which will make any appropriate investigations?

Answer 46

Local Flight Standards District Office (FSDO)

Question 47

___________ Regulates Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul operations.

Answer 47

FAR Part 145, Repair Station Operators and TSR Part 1554 Aircraft Repair Station Security

Question 48

___________ Regulates Flight Training and pilot school operations.

Answer 48

FAR part 61, Part 141 and TSR Part 1552.

Question 49

List 5 types of US airports

Answer 49

1. commercial service 2. general aviation 3. cargo service 4. military 5. private

Question 50

___________ of worldwide aviation is attributed to US?

Answer 50

90% of business to consumer e-commerce. 22% of world's scheduled passenger traffic.

Question 51

What is included in the National Plan for Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS), how often is it published and what projection is included?

Answer 51

AIP-Eligible DevelopmentEvery 2 Years5 year projection

Question 52

An airport can be included in the NPIAS if it is:

Answer 52

-Publicly owned or privately owned but is either a commercial service airport with scheduled air service of at least 2,500 annual enplanements, or designated as a general aviation reliever airport by the FAA. -A general aviation reliever airport. -Receives scheduled air carrier transport to where a freight forwarder, FBO, etc., is under contract with the U.S. Postal Service (i.e., a mail contract). -A public-use airport where a unit of the Air National Guard, or a reserve component of the Armed Forces, operates aircraft and is either permanently based on, or located adjacent to, the airport. **May also be included if: -Part of a state airport system plan -Serving a community more than 30 minutes from closest NPIAS airport -Forecasted to have 10 or more based aircraft within next 5 years

Question 53

What are the three measurements to guage airport activity?

Answer 53

EnplanementsOperationsCargo Tonnage

Question 54

A commercial service airport is defined by "a publicly owned airport that has ___________ passengers annual boarding, receiving scheduled passenger service.

Answer 54

More than 2,500 enplanements

Question 55

Primary commercial service airports have ___________ annual enplanements?

Answer 55

more than 10,00 enplanements

Question 56

___________ airports do not have scheduled service or have less than _________ annual passenger enplanements.

Answer 56

General AviationLess than 2500

Question 57

A ___________ airport relieves congestion at commercial service airports and provide improved GA access to community - an alternative to congested hub.

Answer 57

General Aviation Reliever

Question 58

A ___________ airport is only cargo with a total annual landed weight of ___________ pounds; can also be commercial service airport

Answer 58

Cargo ServiceMore than 100 Million

Question 59

List the 5 categories of General Aviation Airports:

Answer 59

1. GA National Airports 2. GA Regional Airports 3. GA Local Airports (a.k.a. The Backbone) 4. GA Basic Airports 5. Unclassified

Question 60

List 4 groups of primary Airports:

Answer 60

1. large hub 2. medium hub 3. small hub 4. nonhub

Question 61

Large hub airports serve at least __________ or more of total enplanements, with __________ of all US enplanements.

Answer 61

1%>70%

Question 62

Medium hub airports serve between __________ to __________ of total enplanements, with __________ of all US enplanements.

Answer 62

0.25% to 1% 17%

Question 63

Small hub airports serve between __________ to __________ of total enplanements, with __________ of all US enplanements.

Answer 63

0.05 to 0.25%9%

Question 64

Nonhub primary commercial service airports have _________ enplanements, but _________ of total US annual enplanements.

Answer 64

>10,000less than 0.05%

Question 65

Nonprimary commercial service airports have __________ to __________ annual enplanements and primarily serve general aviation.

Answer 65

2,500 to 10,000

Question 66

A ___________ airport is owned by the Department of Defense, with leases or contracts between military and civil entities.

Answer 66

Joint-use

Question 67

A ___________ airport is co-located with civil airport, where portions of movement areas and safety areas shared by both parties.

Answer 67

Shared-use

Question 68

___________ regulates commercial service airports and cargo service.

Answer 68

CFR Part 139

Question 69

A ___________ airport has significant industrial operations, including Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) facilities.

Answer 69

Industrial Aviation

Question 70

What divided GA airports into 5 categories based on activity measures such as operations and types of aircraft; and listed benefits of GA to promote and protect these facilities?

Answer 70

GA Asset Report

Question 71

___________ airports are located in metro areas near major business centers and support flying throughout the nation and world.

Answer 71

GA National

Question 72

GA __________ airports are located in metro areas and serve relatively large populations, supporting interstate and intrastate flying.

Answer 72

Regional

Question 73

___________ airports are the backbone of GA system with at least one local airport in virtually every state, near large population centers, but not necessarily in metro areas. Typically intrastate flying.

Answer 73

GA Local

Question 74

___________ airports have one runway, helipad, or seaplane lane; private flying, and link the community to national airport system.

Answer 74

GA Basic

Question 75

What organization ensures flight operations are conducted in consistent manner and common vocabulary and operating principles amongst pilots, aviation systems, and operators?

Answer 75

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

Question 76

___________regulates private operations aircraft operations.

Answer 76

CFR Part 91 -Part 91 commonly is associated with general aviation (GA) operations or GA airports. However, Part 91 has a dual meaning: it addresses the general operating and flight rules applicable to aircraft operating in U.S. airspace, whether they are general aviation or commercial flight operations, and it is used to describe a private flight operation.

Question 77

What is the difference between private and commercial flights?

Answer 77

When person or company starts charging for the flight.

Question 78

___________ established requirements for aircraft operator certificates (air carriers and commercial operators).

Answer 78

CFR Part 119

Question 79

___________ established operating requirements for domestic, flag, and supplemental air carrier operations.

Answer 79

CFR Part 121

Question 80

___________ regulates public charter operations conducted on a Part 121 air carrier.

Answer 80

CFR Part 380-Aircraft required to operate to and from Part 139 airport.

Question 81

___________ regulates unscheduled commercial flight operations (commuter/on-demand).

Answer 81

CFR Part 135

Question 82

What is conducted under Part 121 and requiers a departure location, departure time, and arrival location?

Answer 82

Scheduled "air carrier operation"

Question 83

___________ regulates large, certain noncommercial flight operations (configured with seating capacity of 20 or more and max payload 6,000 lbs or more). Regulation addresses operation of aircraft NOT in common carriage (not advertised to public nor tickets sold)

Answer 83

CFR Part 125

Question 84

A one-way or round-trip flight performed by one or more direct air carriers and sponsored by charter operator is known as ____________.

Answer 84

Public Charter

Question 85

A ____________ is a certificated domestic or foreign carrier, air taxi operator, or commuter air carrier that directly engages in operation of aircraft under certificate or permit.

Answer 85

Direct Air Carrier

Question 86

A ____________uses commercial air transport to move cargo or people but does not own/control aircraft.

Answer 86

Indirect air carrier

Question 87

_____________ is a corporation that owns large aircraft to move employees and often regulated by Part 125.

Answer 87

Corporate charter

Question 88

What information should the pilot become familiar with, before the beginning of each flight, under CFR Part 91.103 Pre-Flight?

Answer 88

Chart SupplementsWeather (Departure location, enroute and arrival location)Notice to Air Missions (NOTAMS)

Question 89

This publication provides information to pilots as related to airport and airspace conditions that may affect their flight.

Answer 89

Notice to Air Missions (NOTAMs)

Question 90

CFR ___________ requires becoming familiar with all available information including Airport Facility Directoy (AF/D), weather, and notices to airman (NOTMAS).

Answer 90

Part 91.103 Pre-Flight

Question 91

Commercial air carriers, fractional operators, and corporate flights hold a ____________ to perform flight research?

Answer 91

Flight Dispatcher Certificate

Question 92

The ___________ has final responsibility for the safety and security of the flight?

Answer 92

Pilot-In-Command (PIC)

Question 93

The navigational process that uses ground reference points such as seeing a water tower or other known features that the pilots could identify from the air.

Answer 93

Pilotage. -Taught to all pilots in their initial flight training stages.

Question 94

The navigational process that uses uses radio transceivers and position triangulation is known as ______________.

Answer 94

Dead Reckoning

Question 95

Visual flight rules require at least a ___________ cloud ceiling above ground level and ___________ or more forward visibility (Minimum VMC - Visual Meteorological Conditions).

Answer 95

1,000-ft3-miles

Question 96

At what elevation can a pilot operate under Visual Flight Rules with or without a Flight Plan?

Answer 96

Under 18,000-ft MSL

Question 97

____________ means that the pilot continually scans the sky for obstacles and other planes.

Answer 97

See-and-Avoid

Question 98

____________ technique refers to the pilot continually scans the sky for obstacles and other planes.

Answer 98

See-and-Avoid technique

Question 99

______________ are below Visual Meteorological conditions, known as ___________ and require a flight plan with the FAA.

Answer 99

Instrument Meteorological Conditions Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)

Question 100

Pilots must have _________, which are used by pilots to identify the airport, weather, navigation/communication frequencies, navigational aids, obstructions, and airspace information?

Answer 100

Sectional Charts

Question 101

What must pilots under Visual Flight Rules have a copy of?

Answer 101

Sectional Chart(s)

Question 102

What do pilots operating under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) carry, showing routes between navigational aids, minimum altitudes to maintain safe separation?

Answer 102

Low Altitude En Route charts (below 18,000ft) High Altitude En Route charts (above 18,000ft)

Question 103

What are three types of weather reporting stations a pilot can access while on approach to an airport?

Answer 103

Airport Surface Observations Station (ASOS) Airport Weather Observation Station (AWOS) Automated Terminal Information Service (ATIS) -Updated hourly and includes NOTAMs and airfield information.

Question 104

List the 3 types of Runway Approaches.

Answer 104

1. visual approach 2. instrument approach non-precision 3. instrument approach precision

Question 105

A visual approach can be made any time when the following is true:

Answer 105

-ATC (if available) approves it, -The destination airport meets visibility requirements of three statute miles or greater, -The cloud ceiling is at least 1,000 feet above the ground level **(a “ceiling” is considered to be the lowest layer of clouds that are classified as “broken,” thus, “scattered clouds” do not constitute a ceiling).

Question 106

_____________ chart outlines routes and altitudes to be flown for landing at airport, ensuring clearance over obstacles, descent altitudes, and missed approach procedure.

Answer 106

Instrument approach plate

Question 107

What are the standard defined flight path for aircraft departures, for flying under instrument procedures?

Answer 107

Instrument Departure Procedures (DP)

Question 108

The ____________ procedure is used to simplify communication and understanding during approaches.

Answer 108

Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR)

Question 109

The ____________ are specialized procedures pilots use to depart from and arrive into an airport, along with instrument approaches?

Answer 109

Terminal Instrument Procedures (TERPs)

Question 110

The standard TERPs approach has a __________ glideslope and requires a one foot descent for every _______ FT over the ground.

Answer 110

Three-Degree 20 Feet

Question 111

What determines the necessary signs, marking and lighting, and approach lighting for a runway?

Answer 111

Type of Approach

Question 112

At final approach fix (final approach begins) requires _______ FT clearance with a tapper to _______ FT at threshold.

Answer 112

700 FT50 FT

Question 113

____________ is a branch of government that operates like a business, under a municipal structure?

Answer 113

Enterprise Fund

Question 114

Which law requires airports to be as self-sustaining as possible?

Answer 114

Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982 (AAIA)

Question 115

What characterizes successful airports?

Answer 115

Effective working relationship between policy makers and management

Question 116

What is in place to protect airports from political influences?

Answer 116

Grant Assurances (along with FAA orders)

Question 117

List the 9 types of airport sponsorship Structures.

Answer 117

1. municipality (city/county) 2. Airport Authority 3. State Operated 4. Port Authority 5. Federal 6. Commission or District 7. Joint-City or Joint-State Agreement 8. Private/Public-Use9. Private/Private-Use

Question 118

Airport Sponsor Structure where the city or county owns and operates the entire facility as a department or division of themunicipality

Answer 118

Municipality

Question 119

Airport Sponsor Structure where enabling legislation from one or more municipalities makes a legal sponsor and creates another branch of local government is called ___________?

Answer 119

Airport Authority

Question 120

Airport Sponsor Structure where the state maintains control of the airport as a department or division, or in conjuntion with an authority or appointed board is called ____________?

Answer 120

State Operated

Question 121

Airport Sponsor Structure where a board oversees other agencies, including aviation, such as rail, maritime ports, subways and other forms of transportation is called __________?

Answer 121

Port Authority

Question 122

Airport Sponsor Structure where the airport is owned by the federal government or appointed by a branch or agency of the federal government is called ___________?

Answer 122

Federal

Question 123

Airport Sponsor Structure where the airport retains its connectoin to the municipality but has an independent board that oversees operation and management is called ______?

Answer 123

Commission or District

Question 124

Airport Sponsor Structure where the airport is privately operated but open to the public is called _________?

Answer 124

Private/Public-Use

Question 125

Airport Sponsor Structure where the airport is privately operated and is only oped to certain individuals is called _______?

Answer 125

Private/Private Use **These airports are not eligible for sponsor assurances and are not in the NPIAS.

Question 126

Airport Sponsor Structure that is the most common is called _________?

Answer 126

Municipality

Question 127

Municipalities often transfer some or all authority to control the airport to what four types of possible intities?

Answer 127

1. Advisory Board 2. Authority Board 3. Commission 4. Special District

Question 128

What are the roles of an Airport Advisory Board?

Answer 128

- Guidance and expertise for municipalities - Review requests from staff - Prepare recommendations for sponsor to act upon - Authority delineated in enabling legislation **Some boards are simply advisory, and others have the authority to make/enforce policy.

Question 129

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a Municipality owned airport?

Answer 129

Advantages: -Better Access to resources of other city/county departments -Reduced cost with regards to staffing, Police, Admin, Accounting, Legal, etc. -Possible access to better funding sources, i.e. local taxes, Disadvantages: -Policy makers are often unfamiliar with operations of airports -Policy makers may not the time needed to devote to the airport -Decisions may not be in the best interest of the airport, as the individuals have other departments that may be higher priority. -Other community enterest may take priority. -Policy makers may not know how to manage land enterests on/near the airport

Question 130

Primary reasons municipalities create Airport Authorities.

Answer 130

1) Airport outgrows political boundaries and need to include a broader boundary. 2) Allows more concentration/specialization on business matters. 3) Ability to have "On-scene" decision-making (more efficiency). 4) Reduces political influence over business functions. 5) Provides multiple jurisdictions with representation.

Question 131

What questions/answers will determine the level of an Airport Authorities ability to operate independently?

Answer 131

1) Who controls the appointments to the authority’s governing body? 2) Does the authority have total control over its budget, contracts, capital improvement projects, and personnel practices? 3) Does the authority have the power of eminent domain and the power to levy taxes?

Question 132

What are advantages and disadvantages of an Airport or Port Authority?

Answer 132

Advantages: - Focused leadership and specialized attention to significant community asset - Insulate from political influences - More business-focused, efficient operation and economy of scale Disadvantages: - Resources and finances may not be readily available in necessary quantities or levels - Authorities are often created to divest a municipality or state from monetary obligations.

Question 133

___________ created the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA)?

Answer 133

Federal Government

Question 134

_____________ is a shift from traditional government responsibility to the control of private enterprise?

Answer 134

Airport Privatization

Question 135

The ____________ transfers federal obligation, responsibility for operation, management, and development of airport from public to private sponsor.

Answer 135

The Airport Investment Partnership Program (AIPP) (Formerly known as Airport Privatization Program)

Question 136

What is a special type of legally-chartered institution that generally has the same status as a public corporation, but, along with the airport(s), operates other public facilities such as toll roads or public transportation?

Answer 136

Port Authority

Question 137

What has the same responsibilities and statures as airport authorities, allowing for focused attention and expertise to be applied in operating the airport by appointing (or electing individuals) by county/city?

Answer 137

Commission

Question 138

How should Airport Executives think of airports?

Answer 138

Public entity that is run like a business

Question 139

Describe the main roles of an Airport Executive.

Answer 139

Safe, Secure, Efficient operation of airport and its facilities - Implements policy - Runs The airport day-to-day - Reports to The governing body - Operates The airport safely and efficiently - Maintains The airport and its facilities - Prepares financial plans - Oversees public relations - Makes provisions for passengers and The public - Recommends and enforces rules and regulations - Oversees planning and construction projects - Secures new business - in all cases, The airport director/manager is responsible to ensure The board members (or ruling body) is educated on airport operational issues, CIP plans and management challenges.

Question 140

List the 4 primary areas of airport management/manager.

Answer 140

1. Finance and administration 2. Planning and engineering 3. Operations, security and maintenance 4. Marketing, public relations, and air service development (ASD)

Question 141

Describe the main roles of Airport's governing body.

Answer 141

- establishes policy - sets goals - identifies strategies for fulfilling the vision - executes contracts - serves as airport advocate - approves plans/programs - assigns and oversees manager's responsibilities - selects consultants and service providers

Question 142

What are 3 key positions at any airport that are generally outside of the vertical reporting structure?

Answer 142

1. Airport's legal counsel 2. Financial auditor 3. Security Director

Question 143

Why would an airport create security as a separate division reporting to the Airport Executive?

Answer 143

Prevent executive from circumventing enforcement of security regulations

Question 144

Why would an airport create security as a separate division reporting to the Airport Executive?

Answer 144

Prevent executive from circumventing enforcement of security regulations

Question 145

The Legal Counsel reports directly to __________ or ___________?

Answer 145

The Board orAirport Executive

Question 146

Is the following statement True or Fals?"As ignorance of the law is NOT a defense in a court of law, ignorance of these policies is also NOT a defense to contravene their requirements and guidance."

Answer 146

TRUE

Question 147

What explains the intent of a federal regulation, provide guidance and information on a subject area, and show an acceptable method of complying with a related regulation?

Answer 147

Advisory Circulars (ACs)

Question 148

____________ regulates noise standards: aircraft type and airworthiness certification.

Answer 148

CFR Part 36

Question 149

___________ regulates airport security.

Answer 149

- Title 49 CFR Part 1542: Airport Security (replaced Title 14 Part 107)34

Question 150

Where are draft set of regulations published?

Answer 150

Federal Register

Question 151

____________ provides regulatory alerts on FAA rulemaking/interpretations, regulatory issues, and connection to the ACRP.

Answer 151

Regulatory Affairs

Question 152

____________ is to establish a safe, efficient use and preservation of the navigable airspace.

Answer 152

CFR Part 77

Question 153

____________ regulates noise and compatibility planning.

Answer 153

CFR Part 150

Question 154

Aviation security is regulated by the _________ CFR __________ series of regulations.

Answer 154

Title 49 Part 1500

Question 155

____________ regulates aircraft operator security for air carriers and commercial operators.

Answer 155

CFR Part 1544

Question 156

Most regulations are created through the __________ process.

Answer 156

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM)

Question 157

The public comment period is ________ for a minor change and ________ for a major change in the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) process?

Answer 157

30 days| 60 days

Question 158

____________ regulates noise standards: aircraft type and airworthiness certification.

Answer 158

CFR Part 36

Question 159

___________ regulates airport security.

Answer 159

CFR Part 1542

Question 160

The FAA has ______ regional offices.

Answer 160

9

Question 161

List the FAA regional offices.

Answer 161

New England, Eastern, Southern, Great Lakes, Central, Southwest, Northwest, Western-Pacific, and Alaskan Regions

Question 162

___________ frequently works with Planning and Engineering department on federal AIP grants?

Answer 162

Airport District Office (ADO)

Question 163

Airport Executives most commonly work with __________ at the FAA?

Answer 163

Office of Airports (ARP)

Question 164

The FAA’s major roles now include:

Answer 164

#NAME?

Question 165

List the main function of 5 FAA business lines.

Answer 165

1. Office of Airports (ARP) 2. Air Traffic Organization (ATO) - air traffic control and navaid maintenance 3. Aviation Safety (AVS) - certification of pilots, mechanics, and air safety professionals 4. Office of Security and Hazardous Material Safety(ASH) 5. Office of Commercial Space Transportation (ATS)

Question 166

Which FAA division is responsible for all programs related to airport safety and inspections, as well as standards for airport design, construction and operation; AIP grants, PFC applications, grant assurances, and DBE requirements?

Answer 166

Office of Airports (ARP)

Question 167

The __________ can handle informal disputes at the regional or local FAA level by using both enforcement procedures and Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)?

Answer 167

Airports District Office (ADO)

Question 168

The __________ is a regional FAA office that concentrates on enforcing regulations pertaining to aircraft and airmen certification and licensing.

Answer 168

Flights Standards District Office (FSDO)

Question 169

ACs are identified by the title ____________ if they are binding and incorporated with reference to a regulation.

Answer 169

FAR Guidance Material

Question 170

Directives on specific subjects and programs issued by the FAA are __________. These provide guidance and instruction to personnel on compliance, airport safety, and operations. Essentially "rules" for airport management.

Answer 170

FAA Orders

Question 171

What international organization was established to provide "secure international cooperation and the highest possible degree of uniformity in regulations and standards, procedures, and organization regarding civil aviation matters.”

Answer 171

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

Question 172

List the Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPS) annexes:

Answer 172

Annex 1: Personnel Licensing Annex 2: Rules of the Air Annex 3: Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation Annex 4: Aeronautical Charts Annex 5: Units of Measurement to be Used in Air and Ground Operations Annex 6: Operation of Aircraft Annex 7: Aircraft Nationality and Registration Marks Annex 8: Airworthiness of Aircraft Annex 9: Facilitation Annex 10: Aeronautical Telecommunications Annex 11: Air Traffic Services Annex 12: Search and Rescue Annex 13: Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation Annex 14: Aerodromes (Airports)Annex 15: Aeronautical Information Services Annex 16: Environmental Protection Annex 17: Security: Safeguarding International Civil Aviation Against Acts of Unlawful Interference Annex 18: The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air

Question 173

__________ gives the FAA Airports Safety and Operations Division a quick way of providing additional guidance on Part 139 Airport Certification and related issues to FAA inspectors and staff.

Answer 173

Certification Alert (CertAlert)

Question 174

____________ provide regulatory requirements| for airport security related systems such as perimeter intrusion, biometrics, and identity management

Answer 174

Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA)

Question 175

A TSA ________ provides changing requirements to the airport security program, while a TSA _________ provides intelligence information or best practices for airport security.

Answer 175

Security Directive (SD)Information Circulars (ID)

Question 176

Grant Assurances are primarily managed by the FAA through the _____________, order ___________, providing guidance to FAA on interpreting and administrating sponsor commitments.

Answer 176

Airport Compliance Manual| 5190.6B

Question 177

___________ assurances were made by state/municipality that airport would continue to be operated and maintained, traced back to 1946 when fed govt transferred ownership to local entities.

Answer 177

AP-4

Question 178

How long do Grant Assurances address an airport's responsibilities during a project and establish continuing obligations?

Answer 178

20 years

Question 179

Grant Assurances attempt to balance what 3 competing public interests?

Answer 179

- They allow The airport executive to manage local affairs better. - They meet The FAA requirement to ensure that federal funds are used effectively to meet The need for public air transportation. -They meet the federal government's goal to promote social objectives, such as disadvantaged businesses and the rights of those with disabilities.

Question 180

Airport eligibility to receive grant monies is determined by whether airport is listed on the ____________.

Answer 180

Airport Noncompliance List (ANL)

Question 181

What is the expiry for Grant Agreements for land purchase, surplus property deeds and non-surplus land conveyance documents?

Answer 181

No expiry

Question 182

Overall requirements of Grant Assurances.

Answer 182

#NAME?

Question 183

What are informal complaints filed with the FAA's Airport District Office, which ensure sponsors are in compliance?

Answer 183

14 CFR Part 13 Investigation and Enforcement

Question 184

What are formal complaints for the violation of regulations, with deadlines and stringent requirements for the Airport, complainant, and FAA?

Answer 184

Title 14 CFR Part 16 Rules of Practice for Federally Assisted Airport Enforcement Proceedings

Question 185

How can the public report compliance violations of federal laws affecting air transportation?

Answer 185

Part 13 complaint

Question 186

___________ identifies the apparent violation(s), corrective action to resolve the noncompliance without further action, and deadline for corrective action?

Answer 186

Notice of Apparent Noncompliance

Question 187

_________ complaints cover matters involving federal obligations incurred by Airport Sponsor in accepting federal property of FAA grants.

Answer 187

Part 16

Question 188

Individuals file a formal FAR Part 16 complaint with ___________ of the FAA.

Answer 188

Office of the Chief Counsel

Question 189

Which FAA office investigates Part 16 complaints further if reasonable basis exists?

Answer 189

Office of Airport Safety and Standards

Question 190

After the last pleading date was due, the FAA has _________ to issue a non-final decision on the complaint and __________ for either party to appeal?

Answer 190

120 days| 30 days

Question 191

List 3 conditions where the FAA administrator may issue a Part 16 Final Agency Decision (FAD).

Answer 191

1. complaint is dismissed after investigation 2. hearing is not required or made available 3. FAA provides respondent an opportunity for hearing, and respondent waives opportunity

Question 192

___________ is a phrase to describe a collection of FAA regulations, adjudications, various statues, Grant Assurances, Advisory Circulars, court decisions at local/state/federal levels, and lease agreements.

Answer 192

Airport Law

Question 193

Which grant assurance requires that the airport hold a good title for airport owned land?

Answer 193

Grant Assurance 4 - Good Title

Question 194

Which grant assurance preserves the rights and powers and prevents an airport sponsor form taking any action that may deprive the airport sponsor of its rights/powers to direct and control airport development?

Answer 194

Grant Assurance 5 - Preserving Rights and Powers

Question 195

What grant assurances pertain to land use on or near an airport?

Answer 195

Grant Assurance 20, Hazard Removal and Mitigation Grant Assurance 21, Compatible Land Use

Question 196

What grant assurances address "permitted activities" at an airport?

Answer 196

Grant Assurance 19, Operation and Maintenance Grant Assurance 22, Economic Nondiscrimination Grant Assurance 23, Exclusive Rights

Question 197

Grant Assurance 19, Operation and Maintenance, requires airports to be operated to ______________ standards, in accordance with FAA AC 150/5190-1.

Answer 197

Minimum Standards (MS)

Question 198

Benefits of establishing and following minimum standards include these five benefits:

Answer 198

#NAME?

Question 199

Which grant assurance restricts the airport from allowing exclusive rights to a person or business?

Answer 199

Grant Assurance 23, Exclusive Rights

Question 200

Which grant assurance requires large and medium hub airport operators to report to the Secretary of Transportation any denial of a request by an air carrier to access the airport?

Answer 200

Grant Assurance 39, Competitive Access

Question 201

What are 5 inappropriate uses for hangar facilities?

Answer 201

- Using a hangar as a residence. - Using it for general storage of non -aeronautical items (boats, file boxes containing items that are not related to aeronautical use). - Any activity that impedes the movement of aircraft. - Storage of inventory or items unrelated to an aeronautical use. - Using it as a base of operations for a no-aeronautical business.

Question 202

____________ are small businesses that have socially and economically disadvantaged individuals who own at least a 51% interest of a business and control management and daily operations.

Answer 202

DBEs (Disadvantage Business Enterprises)

Question 203

Who is eligible to be a Certified Member?

Answer 203

Affiliate, Associate, Participating, Corporate, Military, Academic Graduate AAAE members

Question 204

The AAAE ____________ team represents airports between key executive agencies, including the DOT, FAA, and EPA (not TSA).

Answer 204

Regulatory Affairs

Question 205

___________ is a phrase to describe a collection of FAA regulations, adjudications, various statues, Grant Assurances, Advisory Circulars, court decisions at local/state/federal levels, and lease agreements.

Answer 205

Airport Law

Question 206

Once an airport has accepted AIP grant funding, the airport is in a ___________, where revenue generated must be expended at the airport.

Answer 206

closed fiscal system

Question 207

____________ is statutory and is considered a crime against society.

Answer 207

Criminal law

Question 208

A _________ is governed by state laws, and frequently used in airport management for regulatory compliance such as enforcing rules and regulations.

Answer 208

Infraction

Question 209

____________ is considered to involve injury to an individual, rather than to society? Referred to as "tort" law.

Answer 209

Civil law

Question 210

The legal precept of ___________ allows a person the unrestricted enjoyment of their personal and real property.

Answer 210

Quiet enjoyment

Question 211

If damages were unintentional but still resulted through accidental interference or the lack of action, the person or entity at fault may have been _______

Answer 211

Negligent

Question 212

___________ is a legal concept that the government cannot commit a legal wrong is immune from civil suit or criminal prosecution.

Answer 212

Governmental immunity

Question 213

__________ is the failure to use reasonable care, if he or she fails to act as an ordinarily prudent person would act under the same circumstances.

Answer 213

Negligence

Question 214

What law waives immunity if the act of a government employee caused damage?

Answer 214

Federal Tort Claims Act

Question 215

What law gives immunity over claims arising out of contracts with the federal government?

Answer 215

Tucker Act

Question 216

__________ occurs when someone has personally participated in an affirmative act of negligence, known about or complied in negligent acts, or failed to perform a precise duty. Snow removal, environmental remediation, for example.

Answer 216

Active negligence

Question 217

Which law created the TSA?

Answer 217

Aviation and Transportation Security Act (ATSA)

Question 218

Which agency investigates every civil aviation accident and significant accidents in other transport modes and develop safety recommendations?

Answer 218

National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)

Question 219

____________ was established to secure international cooperation and the highest degree of uniformity in regulations and standards, procedures, and organization regarding civil aviation.

Answer 219

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

Question 220

____________ was created by Airport Executives around the world to represent common interests and to promote cooperation with associates in the air transport industry.

Answer 220

Airports Council International (ACI)

Question 221

___________ is a nonprofit organization created to bring together law enforcement leaders and facilitate communication between Airport Executives, intelligence officers, and investigators of law enforcement agencies.

Answer 221

Airport Law Enforcement Agencies Network (ALEAN)

Question 222

____________ promotes safe, reliable, secure, and economical air services for the benefit of consumers. Represent, lead, and serve the airline industry.

Answer 222

International Air Transport Association (IATA)

Question 223

___________ nation's oldest and largest airline trade association that represents leading airlines. Powerful lobbying force for airline industry.

Answer 223

Airlines for America (A4A)

Question 224

___________ represents and advocates for more than 54,000 pilots at 31 airlines. Provides airline safety, security, and pilot assistance, representation, and advocacy.

Answer 224

Air Line Pilots' Association (ALPA)

Question 225

___________ represents North American regional airlines and ancillary industries supporting regional airlines before the US Congress, DOT, FAA, and other agencies.

Answer 225

Regional Airline Association (RAA)

Question 226

___________ is an organization for companies who rely on GA aircraft to help make their businesses more efficient, productive, and successful

Answer 226

National Business Aviation Association (NBAA)

Question 227

___________ is a non-for-profit organization dedicated to General Aviation. 2 notable programs include Airport Watch and Airport Support Network.

Answer 227

Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA)

Question 228

___________ represents interests of GA business community before Congress and federal, state, and local agencies.

Answer 228

National Air Transportation Association (NATA)

Question 229

___________ is the premier trade association representing manufacturers and suppliers of civil, military, business aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, space systems, engines, and other technologies.

Answer 229

Aerospace Industries Association (AIA)

Question 230

___________ one of most senior aviation organizations in US, predating FAA predecessor, representing those in state government aviation agencies who serve the public interest.

Answer 230

National Association of State Aviation Officials (NASAO)

Question 231

The exclusive bargaining representative of FAA air traffic controllers is ____________. Affiliated with AFL-CIO and represents over 20,000 professionals at FAA, DOD, and some private air traffic control facilities.

Answer 231

National Air Traffic Controllers Association (NATCA)

Question 232

____________ provides services that directly benefit| the operations of their members and strives to advance the international helicopter community.

Answer 232

Helicopter Association International (HAI)

Question 233

Human resources, organization management, business law, economics, leadership, marketing, accounting, strategic planning, and quantitative analysis are examples of ____________ competencies.

Answer 233

Business enterprise

Question 234

Public finance, leadership and professional ethics, public policy making, purchasing and procurement, urban planning, GIS, and environmental law are examples of ____________ competencies.

Answer 234

Public administration

Question 235

__________ requires airport to provide the FAA with a complete Title Search Report of all airportproperty depicted on the current Airport Layout Plan (ALP) and Exhibit “A” maps.

Answer 235

Grant Assurance 4, Good Title

Question 236

___________ prohibits an airport to sell, lease, encumber, or otherwise transfer or dispose of any part of its title of interests in property shown on Exhibit "A" without written FAA approval.

Answer 236

Grant Assurance 5, Preserving Rights and Powers

Question 237

List the 2 distinctions of On-airport land use.

Answer 237

1. Aeronautical use - land reserved for aeronautical activity 2. Non-aeronautical use - revenue to support airport's aviation needs

Question 238

____________ is an important tool in ensuring land adjacent to, or within immediate vicinity of, the airport is consistent with activities and purposes compatible with normal airport operations.

Answer 238

Land use planning

Question 239

What method does FAA use to influence airport land use and land uses surrounding airport?

Answer 239

Grant Assurances

Question 240

Grant Assurance #21 Compatible Land Use addresses _________ land use, requiring Sponsors to attempt to restrict the land use.

Answer 240

Off-airport

Question 241

Which Grant Assurance addresses height restrictions?

Answer 241

#20 Hazard Removal and Mitigation

Question 242

FAA requires that the Airport Executive _________ to restrict incompatible land use around the airport, particularly in and along approach and departure paths.

Answer 242

Attempt

Question 243

Defending the airport from incompatible off-airport land use starts with the _____________.

Answer 243

Airport Master Plan

Question 244

While the Sponsor does not have the authority to enact zoning ordinances or changes, the Sponsor should demonstrate a ____________ to inform surrounding municipalities on the need for land use compatibility zoning.

Answer 244

Reasonable attempt

Question 245

_____________ is when land can be used for more than one purpose at the same time.

Answer 245

Concurrent land use

Question 246

The FAA ___________ residential development on or around airports.

Answer 246

Strongly opposes

Question 247

Permanent or long-term living quarters, hangar homes, fly-in communities or residential hangars are ___________ and the FAA ___________. traditionally opposed

Answer 247

Airparks Traditionally opposed.

Question 248

___________ delineates the airport's boundaries, including all facilities, and identifies plans for future development; as required under Grant Assurance 29.

Answer 248

Airport Layout Plan (ALP)

Question 249

What is a prerequisite to granting AIP funds?

Answer 249

FAA-approved ALP

Question 250

The property designation of aeronautical or non-aeronautical is important in land use planning and ____________.

Answer 250

Revenue management.

Question 251

List 3 Grant assurances addressing permitted activities on an airport.

Answer 251

#19 Operation and Maintenance (most encompassing) #22 Economic Nondiscrimination #23 Exclusive Rights

Question 252

_____________ are requirements an individual or entity wishing to provide aeronautical services to the public on a public-use airport must meet in order to provide those services; required in Grant Assurance 19 Operations and Maintenance.

Answer 252

Minimum Standards (MS)

Question 253

_____________ allow an airport operator to better ensure a safe operating environment, avoid tenant conflicts, provide quality services to public, provide protection to airport, and comply with Grant Assurances.

Answer 253

Minimum Standards

Question 254

List 2 Grant Assurances to address application and management of Minimum Standards.

Answer 254

#22 economic discrimination #23 exclusive rights

Question 255

Economic nondiscrimination Grant Assurance 22 uses the term ____________, which means airport operator may prohibit/limit a class of use but may not restrict an individual user.

Answer 255

unjust discrimination

Question 256

Grant Assurance ____________ restricts the Airport Executive from granting any tenant the exclusive right to conduct a particular commercial aeronautical service unless it would be unreasonably costly, burdensome, or impractical.

Answer 256

#23 Exclusive Rights

Question 257

How can you ensure compliance with Grant Assurance 19 Operations and Maintenance?

Answer 257

Rules and regulations at each airport 1. security 2. individuals conduct 3. conduct of tenants/vendors 4. schedules of fees, rates, charges 5. vehicle movement in AOA, AMA, speed limits, etc. 6. aircraft operations

Question 258

How are self-fueling and self-service operations addressed?

Answer 258

Minimum Standards and/or Rules and Regulations

Question 259

Grant Assurance____________ requires large and medium hub airport operators to report to Sec. of Transportation any denial of a request by air carrier for access to airport.

Answer 259

#39, Competitive Access

Question 260

The FAA's policy on hangar use is these facilities should be used for a ___________ use.

Answer 260

Aeronautical

Question 261

Grant Assurance ___________addresses Through-the-Fence (TTF) agreements?

Answer 261

#5 Preserving Rights and Powers

Question 262

An off-airport business operation with access to the airport's runway/taxiway system, discouraged by the FAA, are known as ____________.

Answer 262

Through-the-Fence

Question 263

Which law authorizes Through-the-Fence agreements to allow for residential property next to General Aviation airports?

Answer 263

FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012

Question 264

List the 3 types of airport revenue.

Answer 264

1. aeronautical 2. non-aeronautical 3. non-operating

Question 265

_____________ includes services provided by air carriers related directly and substantially to the movement of passengers, baggage, mail, and cargo at the airport.

Answer 265

Aeronautical revenue

Question 266

_____________ includes land rent received from an off-industrial park that is owned by the airport, reservations centers, catering facilities, rental car operations, parking, and concession sales

Answer 266

Non-aeronautical revenue

Question 267

____________ includes passenger facility charges, customer facility charges, interest incomes, property taxes, sale of property, and grants

Answer 267

Non-operating revenue.

Question 268

____________ is the most universal type of aeronautical user charge at commercial service airports, charged on per-operation or per-weight/operation basis.

Answer 268

Landing fee

Question 269

___________ is a percentage on the amount of fuel sold on the airport to be collected as airport revenue.

Answer 269

Fuel flowage fee

Question 270

Can leaseholds be both from aeronautical or non-aeronautical use sources?

Answer 270

Yes, both

Question 271

Larger GA hangar tenants are often ____________ that may also request their own fuel farm, rent additional ramp, rent office space, and perform maintenance.

Answer 271

Corporate operators

Question 272

_____________ are program grants to reduce airport ground emissions, allowing for Sponsors to use AIP and PFCs to finance low emission vehicles, refueling/recharging, and air quality improvements.

Answer 272

Voluntary Airport Low Emissions (VALE)

Question 273

____________ airport revenue is the most significant and less limitations.

Answer 273

Non-aeronautical

Question 274

Customer Facility Charges and Passenger Facility Charges are examples of ___________ revenue.

Answer 274

Non-operating

Question 275

Which law establishes general requirements for airport revenue use?

Answer 275

Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982

Question 276

Which Grant Assurance regulates the use of airport revenue generated by airport and local taxes on fuel must be expended for airport/airport-system capital or operating operating costs?

Answer 276

#25, Airport Revenue

Question 277

Which law requires conducting an annual audit and ensure the government that airport funds have been properly distributed?

Answer 277

Single Audit Act of 1984

Question 278

Using airport revenue for non-airport uses is called ___________.

Answer 278

Revenue Diversion

Question 279

Items not considered to be airport revenue include revenue generated by an airport __________ in the course of their business.

Answer 279

Tenant

Question 280

Payments in Lieu of Taxis (PILOTS) or other assessments exceeding value of services are ___________uses of airport revenue, and represent ___________.

Answer 280

Prohibited Revenue diversion

Question 281

Examples of unlawful revenue diversion.

Answer 281

- general economic development for municipality - marketing not directly promoting airport - airport funds to support community activities - loans or investments at less than prevailing rates - Direct subsidy of air carrier operations - Rental of land at less than fair market value rent

Question 282

Grant Assurance ____________ addresses reporting financial information, implementing financial reporting provisions of the 1994 Authorization Act.

Answer 282

#26, Reports and Inspections

Question 283

When is the filing deadline for Forms 5100-126 and 5100-127 (financial reporting)?

Answer 283

120 days after end of fiscal year

Question 284

____________ requires sponsors to file an annual report on revenue paid to other units of government and on compensation airport received for services and property to other government units.

Answer 284

Form 5100-126, Financial Governmental Payment Form

Question 285

____________ account for the financing of goods or services provided by one department of government unit to another on cost-reimbursement basis.

Answer 285

Internal Service Funds

Question 286

The Airport Executive breaks down revenues and expenses by Aeronautical operating revenue, Non-aeronautical operating revenue, and non-operating revenue, in the ____________.

Answer 286

Form 5100-127, Operating and Financial Summary

Question 287

__________ is the process of recording all financial transactions in a journal.

Answer 287

Bookkeeping

Question 288

Using accounting data to calculate and report cash flows, profit, and loss of a financial entity is __________ accounting. Including income statement and balance sheet.

Answer 288

Financial

Question 289

__________ is the process of checking financial records to ensure the integrity of the information.

Answer 289

Auditing

Question 290

Detailed information about individual products, services, or managers that is used to make decisions about costs, pricing and who to promote is ________ accounting.

Answer 290

Management

Question 291

Airports are often established as an ___________, accounting for operations that are finance-operated similar to private businesses.

Answer 291

Enterprise Fund

Question 292

The _____________ accounts for Assets and Liabilities, i.e. the Balance Sheet

Answer 292

Statement of Net Assets/Statement of Net Position

Question 293

The ___________ shows the "bottom line", of revenues minus expenses

Answer 293

Statement of Activities/Income Statement

Question 294

The ____________ shows how much cash the company had at the beginning of reporting period and how much remainder at end. of reporting period.

Answer 294

Cash Flow Statement

Question 295

Details about company's pension plans, changes in accounting practices, stock options, and income taxes, are located in ___________.

Answer 295

Notes of Quarterly Reports

Question 296

List 2 documents containing airport Financial Statements.

Answer 296

1. Annual report 2. Quarterly 10-Q reports

Question 297

Financial reports contain _____________, in which management provides detailed discussion of financial health and explains trends/anomalies.

Answer 297

Management’s Discussion and Analysis and Discussion (MD& A)

Question 298

Most state and municipal governments operate on a fiscal year that begins on ________ and ends on _________ of the following year.

Answer 298

July 1st June 30th

Question 299

_________ is defined as the annual cost for providing, operating, maintaining, and administering an airportfacility.

Answer 299

Break-even

Question 300

An __________ focuses on those expenses and revenues necessitated by normal and ongoing operations, to provide an accurate estimate of the revenues and expenses of the airport for a future period (typically 1 year).

Answer 300

Operating budget

Question 301

____________ reflects an annual or multi-year financial plan for capital projects, or major equipment expenditures, and means of implementing the plan; often associated with Capital Improvement Plans (CIP).

Answer 301

Capital budgeting

Question 302

Passenger facility charges (PFC) and Airport Improvement Program (AIP) funds are often used with the ____________ process.

Answer 302

Master planning

Question 303

A ____________ budget lists each dept. and assigns a sum of money to the dept. or administrative unit to be spent as needed.

Answer 303

Line-item

Question 304

A ____________ budget lists what each administrative unit is trying to accomplish, how much it plans to do, and with what resources.

Answer 304

Performance based

Question 305

____________ budgeting divides expenditures by activities, with emphasis on priorities and need for trade-offs.

Answer 305

Program

Question 306

____________ budgeting starts from a zero base and every function within an organization is analyzed for its needs and costs.

Answer 306

Zero-based

Question 307

Grant Assurance ____________ is directed at making the airport as self-sustaining as possible when setting fees and lease rates/charges.

Answer 307

#24 Fee and Rental Structure

Question 308

The ____________ requires airports to be as| self- sustaining (relies on its revenue streams for op expenses) as possible under the circumstances at that airport.

Answer 308

Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982 (AAIA)

Question 309

Each established rate, charge, or fee is subject to scrutiny from FAA, required under the ____________ to take into account whether Sponsors have taken reasonable efforts to be self-sustaining.

Answer 309

FAA Authorization Act of 1994

Question 310

What are individuals or businesses providing services involving operation of aircraft or flight support directly related to aircraft operation?

Answer 310

Aeronautical Users

Question 311

Fair market fees for use of the airport are ____________ for non-aeronautical use of the airport and are ____________ for non-airfield aeronautical use.

Answer 311

Required| Optional

Question 312

Airport sponsors must impose ____________ charges for non-aeronautical uses of airport property with certain exceptions.

Answer 312

Fair Market Value

Question 313

List 4 exceptions to charging fair market value for Non-Aeronautical Revenue.

Answer 313

1. property for community purposes 2. non-for-profit aviation organizations 3. transit projects and systems 4. military aeronautical units

Question 314

FAA prefers that Sponsors handle most rates and charges at the ____________, and make a good faith effort to reach an agreement between Sponsor and aeronautical users.

Answer 314

Local level

Question 315

List 3 common approaches to airport Rate Setting.

Answer 315

1. Residual 2. Compensatory 3. Hybrid methods

Question 316

Under the ___________ method, much of the financial risk is transferred to the airlines in return for a negotiated limit on the airport’s profits; seeks to result in a break-even and can have a Majority-in-Interest (MIII) clause.

Answer 316

Residual

Question 317

Signatory agreements can provide exclusive rights of the air carrier to their ticket counters, lounges, gates, and other areas and in some cases, through a __________ clause, and air carrier has the right to approve capital projects or select Airport Executive.

Answer 317

Majority-in- Interest (MII)

Question 318

Large airports have commonly used the ________ method for rate setting because of influence and power of airlines in generating economic traffic.

Answer 318

Residual

Question 319

A ___________ is one in which a Sponsor assumes all liability for airport costs and retains all airport revenue for its own use in accordance with federal requirements. Aeronautical users are charged only for the costs of the aeronautical facilities used.

Answer 319

Compensatory agreement

Question 320

Under the _________ method of compensatory approaches, fees and charges are set for each revenue-producing cost center.

Answer 320

Cost-of-service

Question 321

Under the __________ approach, the local government agency offsets the difference between the revenue and expenses by subsidizing the airport’s operation.

Answer 321

Public subsidy

Question 322

Sponsors that adopt rate setting systems employing elements of both residual and compensatory approaches are known as _________; charging for both use of aeronautical facilities and responsibility for airport costs in return for sharing non-aero revenues.

Answer 322

Hybrid agreements

Question 323

The _______ is the total of all costs associated with providing airfield facilities and services to aeronautical users.

Answer 323

‘‘rate base’’

Question 324

Federal law does not require a specific rate setting method, but it must be applied consistently to ___________ aeronautical users and conforms with FAA's procedures on rate setting.

Answer 324

similarly situated

Question 325

List 5 ways the airport operator may set fees for Aeronautical use.

Answer 325

1. ordinance 2. statute 3. resolution 4. regulation 5. agreement

Question 326

In setting the rate base, the airport operator must apply a ____________ in establishing fees for comparable aeronautical users of the airport.

Answer 326

consistent methodology

Question 327

List 4 types of information airports must provide to aeronautical users over Changes to Rates and Charges.

Answer 327

1. Historic financial information for two fiscal years prior 2. Economic, legal, or financial justification for changes 3. Traffic information for preceding two years 4. Planning and forecast information to extent applicable

Question 328

The goal of airport ____________ is to ensure the airport’s economic self-sufficiency through the full use and occupancy of facilities.

Answer 328

Property management

Question 329

Do collecting Passenger Facility Charges (PFCs) require the operator to use federal procurement standards?

Answer 329

No - PFCs = user fees not grants

Question 330

___________ promotes the substitution of materials and methods with less expensive alternatives that do not compromise functionality.

Answer 330

Value Engineering (VE)

Question 331

List 2 FAA requirements for federally-funded construction Contracts exceeding $2,000?

Answer 331

1. comply with Davis-Bacon Act 2. establish a Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) program and submit plan to FAA for approval

Question 332

Which law requires providing a weekly reporting of wages paid (minimum wage requirement)?

Answer 332

Davis-Bacon Act

Question 333

Which law requires all steel and manufactured goods used in AIP funded projects to be produced in US?

Answer 333

Buy America Act of 2003

Question 334

For contracts over __________, federal regulations require airport to publicly advertise bid and require a 5% bid guarantee, and payment bonds equaling 100% of contract.

Answer 334

$100,000

Question 335

Under the ___________ method, contracts for construction and equipment must go to the lowest responsive and responsible bidder.

Answer 335

Sealed bid

Question 336

When conditions are not appropriate for the use of sealed bids, such as when the precise scope of work is not defined, ____________ may be used.

Answer 336

Competitive proposals

Question 337

Competitive proposals are handled through the _________ process, where applicable state and local laws are addressed.

Answer 337

Request For Proposal (RFP)

Question 338

___________ is a method of project delivery in which one entity works under a single contract with the project owner to provide design and construction services.

Answer 338

Design-Build

Question 339

__________ permit government stocks of specific items to be maintained at minimum levels and allow direct shipments to the users of products or services; sometimes referred to as an infinite delivery.

Answer 339

Task-Order Contracts

Question 340

The _________ is similar to a General Contractor who is retained to provide advice to the airport operator during the design phase, to take bids for construction from multiple primes, and manage prime contractors.

Answer 340

Construction Manager at Risk (CMAR)

Question 341

____________are typically used for program management, construction management, planning studies, feasibility studies, architectural services, preliminary engineering, design, engineering, surveying, and mapping.

Answer 341

Professional services contracts

Question 342

____________ contracts require prior ADO approval and are typically only approved when the item or service is only available from a single-source, when competition is deemed inadequate, or emergency.

Answer 342

Single-source or noncompetitive

Question 343

Grant Assurances require a ___________ program in contracts.

Answer 343

DBE

Question 344

DBE Regulation 49 CFR Part 26 requires airports to implement a DBE program if they anticipate awarding more than __________ in prime contracts using federal funds during a FY and establish a __________ goal in % DBE participation for prime contracts.

Answer 344

$250,000 3-year

Question 345

What is a type of DBE-eligible company that can compete for concession opportunities?

Answer 345

Airport Concessionaire Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (ACDBE)

Question 346

_________ is a core component of nearly all the processes at an airport.

Answer 346

Airport information technology (IT)

Question 347

List the 4 implications for any planning, implementation, upgrading, or maintenance of IT systems.

Answer 347

1. Compatibility and integration 2. Security and safety 3. Scalability 4. Usability - one of most critical

Question 348

__________ systems focus on the information delivery and decision making needed to support the movement of aircraft both on the ground and in the air.

Answer 348

Airside IT

Question 349

___________ provides noise event and flight track analysis, reports on noise and flight track compliance, monitors noise complaints, and assists with noise management.

Answer 349

Airport Noise and Operations Monitoring System (ANOMS)

Question 350

__________ systems are located in publicly accessible spaces, usually outside a terminal, and assist in passenger drop-off and pick-up, such as AVI, PARC, dynamic signage.

Answer 350

Landside IT

Question 351

__________ systems monitor the activity of vehicles outfitted with a radio frequency identification display (RFID).

Answer 351

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI)

Question 352

___________ systems often involve common use systems for processing and guiding passengers: common-use, local departure control systems, multi-user flight displays, and baggage RFID systems.

Answer 352

Passenger processing

Question 353

A __________ is a computer system used to display flight information in real time to passengers, such as aircraft arrival and departure information.

Answer 353

Multi-user flight information display system (MUFIDS)

Question 354

___________ systems are used to meet the airport organization’s administrative needs and are tailored to fit the airport’s unique business environment.

Answer 354

Business and financial management

Question 355

___________ systems record asset ownership and usage, including lease and concession management, billing/invoicing, and work orders.

Answer 355

Asset or property management

Question 356

__________ focuses on any item of text or media that is formatted into a binary source such as videos and music owned by an entity.

Answer 356

Digital asset management

Question 357

___________ systems are critical to airport operations and to keeping the public safe: video surveillance, controlled access, and detection systems.

Answer 357

Safety and security

Question 358

What is used to allow, restrict, or track the movement of individuals who have been issued airport credentials for secure areas?

Answer 358

Physical Access Control System (PACS)

Question 359

___________ systems ensure that mechanical systems work properly so that building environments are pleasant and functional.

Answer 359

Facility and maintenance

Question 360

The __________is a centralized data storage location whose resources are shared by other systems such as the flight information display system, and BHS.

Answer 360

Airport Operational Database (AOBD)

Question 361

List 3 critical Stakeholders involved in updating IT systems.

Answer 361

1. Chief executive officer 2. Chief information officer 3. stakeholder executive (top airport admin)

Question 362

Which IT stakeholder is concerned with managing cost estimates and preventing cost overruns as related to IT implementation?

Answer 362

Chief Information Officer

Question 363

___________ are used to support planning, infrastructure, development, and management activities at an airport; comprising of technologies for presentation of geospatial data.

Answer 363

Geographic information systems (GIS)

Question 364

How is the FAA collecting airport and aeronautical data to meet the demands of NextGen?

Answer 364

Airports Surveying-GIS (AGIS) Program

Question 365

What is FAA's online GIS-based system for airport layout plan visualization?

Answer 365

Electronic ALP (eALPs)

Question 366

The goal of ___________ are to allow more collaboration with the FAA along business lines, better runway capacity decisions, obstruction analysis, and GPS analyses.

Answer 366

eALPs

Question 367

In passenger security threat detection, IT technologies that are not detected by the individual, such as biometric scans, are _________.

Answer 367

Passive

Question 368

IT security processes allowing the passenger to directly interact with IT infrastructure are ________.

Answer 368

Active

Question 369

__________ standards, methods, and policies will continue to be one of the most demanding areas in airport operations

Answer 369

Security

Question 370

Have hackers been able to penetrate IT systems through third-party software?

Answer 370

Yes (2013 Target breach)

Question 371

List 2 ways airport executives can maintain IT Security.

Answer 371

1. ensure network security systems are up-to-date 2. conduct regular audits of security systems

Question 372

__________ is one of the most powerful weapons in cyber attacker's arsenal?

Answer 372

Email

Question 373

__________ is used to describe crime of breaking into individual's computer to access personal or sensitive information.

Answer 373

Hacking

Question 374

____________ attacks are intended to disable a machine or system, making it unavailable to users.

Answer 374

Denial-of-service

Question 375

__________ can come in the form of emails, messages, phone calls, or websites and is designed to steal personally identifiable information.

Answer 375

Phishing

Question 376

__________ is a highly targeted attack where emails are sent to only a few individuals in an organization.

Answer 376

Spear phishing

Question 377

__________ is also a legitimate form of collecting and examining databases in order to generate new information, but when combined with ill-intent, can be used for identify theft and fraud.

Answer 377

Data-mining

Question 378

___________ is when an attacker pretends to be someone or something known or trusted and uses leverage to gain information the attacker desires.

Answer 378

Social engineering

Question 379

Certain systems such as __________ are particularly important to protect from data penetrations, malware, and other attacks. This system should be separated to extent possible.

Answer 379

ACAMS

Question 380

The basic policy that most commercial aeronautical service providers should hold is a ___________ policy.

Answer 380

Commercial General Liability (CGL)

Question 381

List the 3 specific coverage areas of a Commercial General Liability (CGL) policy.

Answer 381

1. hangar keepers liability 2. premises liability 3. product liability

Question 382

Airports can also be held liability for services and products sold by ___________ to the airports and therefore they should have liability insurance to protect the airport.

Answer 382

Tenants

Question 383

List the 4 most common types of Lease Agreements.

Answer 383

1. straight 2. graduated 3. revaluation 4. percentage

Question 384

The ____________ represents an ownership interest in which a lessee holds real property, or in the case of a use agreement, the right to conduct a particular activity from a lessor for a period of time.

Answer 384

Leasehold Agreement

Question 385

The section of a lease that includes a detailed statement that reflects facts, events, and general terms and conditions is the ___________.

Answer 385

Recitals

Question 386

The section of a lease that includes how much the lessee will pay, along with rate adjustments is the ___________.

Answer 386

Rates, Fees, Charges

Question 387

The section of a lease for licenses, permits, and the right of lessor to inspect facilities and approve alterations is the ___________.

Answer 387

Covenants by Tenant/Lessee

Question 388

The section of the lease that provides good title to the lessee of leased premises, right of the lessor in the event of foreclosure, and Quiet Enjoyment is the ___________.

Answer 388

Title

Question 389

The establishment of an airport ___________ is intended to provide revenue for the airport while meeting the needs of passengers, visitors, and employees for food, beverage, retail, and other amenities.

Answer 389

Concession

Question 390

Describe factors that determine Equitable Rents in a terminal.

Answer 390

value of space available for leasing - costs of space - amount of revenue producing space - variations in cost of different spaces - services provided for each tenant

Question 391

____________ requirements are also often included in a concession contract, which guarantees that the tenant will pay the airport a minimum amount annually.

Answer 391

Minimum Annual Guarantee (MAG)

Question 392

List the 3 approaches to Leasing Concession Space.

Answer 392

1. standard approach - directly leasing and managing space 2. development company or retail expert in lieu of airport 3. institution engaged as master lessee

Question 393

Two trends in airport concessions at medium to large-hub airports are the ___________ approach and/or _____________ concessions approach.

Answer 393

shopping center| brand-name

Question 394

__________ concessions often establish their rates as a percentage of Gross Revenue, with defining what is included in gross revenue an important consideration in agreement.

Answer 394

Car rental

Question 395

Another important type of concessionaire is the ___________, which provides services for airport users lacking facilities of their own.

Answer 395

Fixed Base Operator (FBO)

Question 396

In lieu of landing fees for GA aircraft, many smaller airports collect _________ fees, levied on each gallon of aviation fuel sold.

Answer 396

Fuel-flowage

Question 397

The primary purpose of ______________ with the airlines is to grant operating rights and to provide, or attempt to guarantee a reliable stream of revenue for airport.

Answer 397

Aeronautical Use (or Lease) Agreements

Question 398

__________ gates imply a right of first refusal,first scheduling rights, or first offer.

Answer 398

Preferential-use

Question 399

__________ gates are open to variety of carriers and often managed by airport operator on an as-needed basis.

Answer 399

Common-use

Question 400

Signatory carriers may exercise significant control over an airport’s capital budgeting process under provisions in a use agreement known as ___________ clauses.

Answer 400

Majority-In-Interest (MII)

Question 401

MII clauses are common at airports with __________ and often allow airline operators to review airport development plans.

Answer 401

Residual Agreements

Question 402

___________ carriers are more common at airports with residual agreements because of substantial commitment to an airport.

Answer 402

Signatory

Question 403

List 5 considerations for Airport Executive in developing an airport.

Answer 403

1. physical constraints 2. zoning 3. political 4. conveyance restrictions 5. general & contract legal counsel then market analysis

Question 404

Final phase of development is to establish an ___________ for the life of the facility.

Answer 404

Operating Plan

Question 405

Which law created the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, requiring the collection of taxes or user fees from various segments?

Answer 405

1970 Airport and Airway Revenue Act

Question 406

Which law, and subsequent amendments/reauthorizations, established the Airport Improvement Program (AIP)?

Answer 406

Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982

Question 407

The AIP processes are regulated under ___________, otherwise known as the Airport Improvement Programs Handbook.

Answer 407

FAA Order 5100.38C

Question 408

__________ provides grant money for development of eligible NPIAS public-use airports.

Answer 408

Airport and Airway Trust Fund

Question 409

The FAA will issue a ___________ to add to or revise guidance about the administration of AIP, related to the AIP Handbook.

Answer 409

Program Guidance Letter (PGL)

Question 410

AIP funds must be apportioned by formula, known as ___________, to specific airports and type of airports.

Answer 410

Entitlement funds

Question 411

Portions of AIP funds designed to achieve specified funding minimums such as approved Noise Abatement Programs, Military Airport Program, and GA reliever are ____________.

Answer 411

Set-Aside funds

Question 412

Remaining AIP funds used for preserving and enhancing capacity, safety, and security, at primary and reliever airports are _____________.

Answer 412

Discretionary fund

Question 413

Congress passes legislation about every 3 to 4 years that appropriates AIP funding, known as ___________.

Answer 413

Reauthorization bill

Question 414

The ____________ authorized appropriations for the FAA for the fiscal years of 2011 through 2014, came after 22 interim continuing resolutions and a 10-day FAA shutdown.

Answer 414

FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012

Question 415

____________ apportionments are the first funds to be issued to airports and states.

Answer 415

Entitlement

Question 416

____________ monies are distributed by Office of Management and Budget and allow the FAA to obligate Congressional apportionments with a financial plan.

Answer 416

Discretionary

Question 417

Some states are considered ___________ which means that the state assumes responsibility for administering AIP grants at airports classified as “other-than-primary” airports.

Answer 417

“block-grant"

Question 418

What is the Electronic Grants Payment System for AIP FAA payments to a Sponsor?

Answer 418

Delphi eInvoicing System

Question 419

What Grant Assurance requires airports to carry out an AIP-funded project with policies, standards, and specifications approved by FAA?

Answer 419

#34, Policies, Standards, and Specifications

Question 420

A development project must be depicted on the __________ to be approved for funding.

Answer 420

ALP

Question 421

Which governs allowable AIP project costs?

Answer 421

Single Audit Act of 1984

Question 422

What kind costs are incurred for a common or joint purpose benefiting more than one cost objective and are not readily assignable to cost objectives specifically benefited?

Answer 422

Indirect costs

Question 423

Prioritized facilities previously acquired, materials and supplies, tools, equipment, travel, and conferences are ____________ costs.

Answer 423

Non-allowable

Question 424

___________ describes the priority system for discretionary funds used to determine which projects will receive funding.

Answer 424

FAA Order 5100.39A

Question 425

List 3 criteria for highest priority for AIP funds.

Answer 425

1. ensuring safe and secure transport 2. preserving and upgrading capacity 3. improving compatibility and sufficient access

Question 426

____________ is that portion of the NPIAS that provides additional details including the anticipated sources of funds for specific developments in 3 to 5 years

Answer 426

Airports Capital Improvement Plan (ACIP)

Question 427

____________ is that portion of the NPIAS that provides additional details including the anticipated sources of funds for specific developments in 3 to 5 years.

Answer 427

Airports Capital Improvement Plan (ACIP)

Question 428

What is the highest AIP priority for 1. Purpose, 2. Component, and 3. Type projects?

Answer 428

1. Safety/security 2. Runways 3. Obstruction removal and construction/noise projects

Question 429

For large-scale projects that may take years to complete, the FAA’s ___________ program helps fund large-scale capacity projects at primary or reliever airports.

Answer 429

Letter of Intent (LOI)

Question 430

Which law allowed agencies controlling airports with more than 2,500 enplaning passengers, to charge passenger facility charges (PFC) on tickets?

Answer 430

Aviation Noise and Capacity Act of 1990 (ANCA)

Question 431

Large and medium-hub airports that collect PFCs must return up to __________ of their AIP apportionment (entitlements) if they collect $3 in PFCs, or return up to __________ if they collect $4.50/pax; Funds from reduced grants distributed to smaller airports.

Answer 431

50 percent| 75 percent

Question 432

What is the primary difference between PFC and AIP charges?

Answer 432

PFC levied as a direct fee to the traveler and is administratively retained locally

Question 433

What projects are PFC revenues to be applied to?

Answer 433

preserve or enhance safety - capacity - security - competitiveness of national air systems - noise mitigation

Question 434

___________ are issued only by states, municipalities, and other authorized, general-purpose governments; requiring community/voter approval - lower interest rate.

Answer 434

General Obligation (G.O.) Bonds

Question 435

What type of Bonds are issued by a state or local government, or by an airport authority, commission, special district --> lower monthly debt payment?

Answer 435

Revenue

Question 436

____________ are issued by the Airport’s Sponsors in order to obtain tax-exempt status; secured by the revenue from indebted facility.

Answer 436

Special Facility Bonds

Question 437

____________ are airport revenue bonds combined with PFCs, CFCs, G.O. bonds, or some other pledge to fund a project.

Answer 437

Hybrid Source Bonds

Question 438

____________ are special types of revenue bonds suited to small airport; private entity user gets tax-exempt rates in return for making a capital investment.

Answer 438

Industrial Development Bonds (IDBs)

Question 439

____________ are usually ranked with the best or highest credit rating.

Answer 439

G.O. Bonds

Question 440

Which type of bonds is management a key component in the bond rating/assessment process?

Answer 440

Revenue Bonds

Question 441

Airports may seek funding from ____________ grant programs, money can provide federal match for an AIP match, and structure varies widely.

Answer 441

State Aviation

Question 442

___________ are charged to rental car operators, with monies going toward landside capital improvements projects, or landside related operations/maintenance.

Answer 442

Customer Facility Charges (CFC)

Question 443

The ___________ provides a systematic approach to identify unmet needs, determine optimum distribution of grants, foster cooperation, advise/inform public, and determine impacts.

Answer 443

Capital Improvement Program (CIP)

Question 444

What is the difference between Public and Public-Use Airport?

Answer 444

Public-use can include privately owned for public use