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Philosophy > Module 1: Introduction to Philosophy > Flashcards

Module 1: Introduction to Philosophy Flashcards

1
Q

Etymologically, the term philosophy comes from the Greek words

A

philos: love
sophia: wisdom

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2
Q

Strong inclination of human beings to pursue knowledge and truth and put this into practice.

A

love of wisdom

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3
Q

Considered to be the first to use the term philosopher

A

Pythagoras (582-500 BCE)

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4
Q

Philosophy: All rational inquiry except for science.

A

W. Russ Payne

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5
Q

Philosophy: Questions are more important than answers because answers themselves will, in turn, become questions.

A

Karl Jaspers

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6
Q

Philosophy: Completely unified knowledge.

A

Herbert Spencer

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7
Q

Philosophy: A science that seeks the causes and sources of beings.

A

Aristotle

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8
Q

Philosophy: Acquisition of knowledge.

A

Plato

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9
Q

Philosophy: A science that studies the first and universal causes.

A

St. Thomas Aquinas

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10
Q

Philosophy: Knowledge of things by their first causes.

A

Rene Descartes

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11
Q

Philosophy: A science of the general principles of knowledge and of the ultimate object attainable by knowledge.

A

Immanuel Kant

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12
Q

Common elements of philosophy

A

(SDSD)
Philosophy is science.
Philosophy is done with the use of reasons.
Philosophy studies all things.
Deals with the first causes and highest principles.

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13
Q

It is a science because it is an organized body of knowledge. The philosopher is does his/her investigation scientifically following certain steps or procedure.

A

Philosophy is Science

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14
Q

The philosopher utilizes his/her natural capacity to think. But it is not enough to think, what is being ask is to think well.

A

Philosophy is done with the use of reasons.

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15
Q

Philosophy is the underlying basis of all the branches of inquiry. It forms the basic level of all intellectual subjects.

A

Philosophy studies all things.

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16
Q

All scientific studies deal with a certain and immediate kind of phenomenon which can be deduced from evidence through sense data while philosophy deals with the reality’s ultimate causes, reason and principles.

A

It deals with the first causes and highest principles.

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17
Q

Branches of Philosophy

A

Metaphysics
Epistemology
Ethics
Logic

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18
Q

Metaphysics is derived from the two Greek words

A

meta: after
physika: physical

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19
Q

Metaphysics // meta physika

A

After physics or nature.

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20
Q

It is the study of the most general aspects of reality. It is also concerned with the study of the first principles and the nature of being.

A

Metaphysics

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21
Q

Epistemology was derived from the Greek words

A

episteme: knowledge
logos: word/study

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22
Q

It is the science of knowledge and is concerned with the nature of knowledge and justified belief.

A

Epistemology

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23
Q

Logic comes from the Greek word

A

logos: word/study

24
Q

It is the study of correct thinking or reasoning. Also known as the study of reasoning.

A

Logic

25
Q

It can also be described as the study of strength of the evident links between the premises and the conclusion.

A

Logic

26
Q

Ethics is derived from the Greek word

A

ethos: custom/habit

27
Q

It is concerned with human moral behavior. It is the science of what human behavior ought to be.

A

Ethics

28
Q

Purpose of studying Philosophy

A

CEBCHE
• Critical-thinking skills
• Exploring fundamental questions
• Broadening perspectives
• Cultivating communication skills
• Historical and cultural awareness
• Ethical reflection

29
Q

It challenges us to think deeply, critically analyze arguments, and evaluate evidence.

A

Critical-thinking skills

30
Q

Philosophy delves into fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, morality, and reality. It fosters a deeper understanding of ourselves and the world around us.

A

Exploring fundamental questions

31
Q

Exposes us to diverse perspectives and worldviews. It encourages open-mindedness and the ability to empathize with different viewpoints, which is crucial for fostering tolerance and empathy in a diverse society.

A

Broadening perspectives

32
Q

Philosophy provides a framework for ethical reflection. It helps us grapple with moral dilemmas, consider ethical principles, and make informed decisions in both personal and professional contexts.

A

Ethical reflection

33
Q

Engaging in philosophical discussions and debates hones communication skills. Students learn to articulate their thoughts clearly, express complex ideas, and engage in respectful dialogue with others.

A

Cultivating communication skills

34
Q

Studying the history of philosophy introduces students to the intellectual and cultural heritage of different societies. It helps them appreciate how philosophical ideas have shaped human history and thought.

A

Historical and cultural awareness

35
Q

What Benefits Can We Gain from Studying Philosophy?

A

IPEMP
• Intellectual enrichment
• Problem Solving
• Enhanced empathy
• Moral clarity
• Personal growth

36
Q

Philosophy deepens your intellectual capacity and broadens your horizons. It exposes you to a wide range of ideas and encourages you to think critically and creatively.

A

Intellectual enrichment

37
Q

Analyzing complex issues and constructing persuasive arguments are skills that can benefit you in academics and beyond.

A

Problem Solving

38
Q

By examining different philosophical perspectives, students gain a better understanding of diverse viewpoints and cultures.

A

Enhanced empathy

39
Q

Philosophy helps you clarify your own values and principles. It enables you to make ethically informed choices and navigate moral dilemmas with greater confidence.

A

Moral clarity

40
Q

It encourages introspection and helps individuals develop a sense of purpose and direction in life.

A

Personal growth

41
Q

Importance of Philosophy

A

UML
• Understanding the world
• Making better decisions
• Living a more fulfilling life

42
Q

Making Better Decisions

A

CEL
a. Critical Thinking
b. Ethical Decision Making
c. Logic and Reasoning

43
Q

Philosophy develops critical thinking skills, allowing us to assess arguments, identify logical fallacies, and make well-reasoned decisions.

A

Critical Thinking

44
Q

Philosophy offers ethical theories and principles that can guide us in making morally sound choices.

A

Ethical Decision Making

45
Q

Philosophical logic helps us structure our thoughts and evaluate the validity of arguments.

A

Logic and Reasoning

46
Q

Living More Fulfilling Lives

A

SMEC
a. Self-reflection
b. Meaning and purpose
c. Emotional resilience
d. Cultural and historical awareness

47
Q

Philosophy encourages introspection and self-examination.

A

Self reflection

48
Q

Philosophical inquiries into the meaning of life and personal values can help us discover a sense of purpose

A

Meaning and purpose

49
Q

Engaging with philosophical ideas can enhance emotional resilience by challenging us to confront difficult questions and uncertainties.

A

Emotional resilience

50
Q

Philosophy exposes us to the cultural and historical context of ideas.

A

Cultural and historical awareness

51
Q

What is the value or importance of philosophy? Why do we really need to philosophize?Is it really necessary?

A

The answer lies on the fact that whether we like it or not, we are all “philosophers”in our own right

52
Q

Who argued that human beings propensity to philosophize comes from our sense of wonder

A

Plato

53
Q

Who argued we philosophized because of our capacity to doubt.

A

Rene Descartes

54
Q

Who claims that our very own experience compels us to philosophize.

A

Karl Jaspers

55
Q

To love wisdom

A

is to always seek for the truth

56
Q

Philosophy is valuable because:

A

1) it is applicable to our daily activities and how we view our lives;
2) it enables and enhances our capacity to make better decisions and act appropriately according to a given situation;
3) it enables reflective thinking that greatly influences how we view our life, the challenges in our life and our relationships.

Philosophy (4 decks)

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