Module 1 (part two)

Question 1

What type of fatty acid increases risk of cardiovascular disease?

Answer 1

Saturated fatty acid

Question 2

What type of fatty acids lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease?

Answer 2

monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids

Question 3

What are the seven factors that influence our diet?

Answer 3

• availability
• cultural and family background
• social acceptability
• personal preference
• psychological and emotional factors
• health factors

Question 4

What are factors of a healthy diet?

Hint: there’s 5

Answer 4

• adequacy: a sufficient amount of nutrients
• nutrient density: high amount of nutrients in comparison to calories in a food
• Eat a variety of foods: enhances nutrient utilization, nutrient interactions, and meeting nutrient requirements.
• Balancing food choices
• Ensuring kcal control: calorie intake isn’t more than energy expended.

Question 5

What does DRI stand for? and what is its meaning?

Answer 5

Dietary Reference Intakes: is a set of reference values for the intake of energy, nutrients and food components.

Question 6

What is a dietary pattern?

Answer 6

the amount of nutrients to ensure adequate food intake

Question 7

What are the sets of reference values?

Answer 7

• RDA Recommended dietary allowance
• AI Adequate Intake
• EAR Estimated Average Requirements
• Ul Tolerable Upper intake Levels

Question 8

What is the purpose of RDAs?

Answer 8

Intakes that are sufficient to meet the needs of 97% of healthy people in a criteria

Question 9

What is the purpose of EARs?

Answer 9

The purpose of Estimated Average Requirements is to estimate the needs for 50% of a life group

Question 10

What is the purpose of ULs?

Answer 10

The purpose of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels is to represent the max intake before a nutrient becomes toxic

Question 11

What is the purpose of Adequate Intake?

Answer 11

AI is used to approximate the average needs of nutrients that sustains health

Question 12

What is the criterion of adequacy?

Answer 12

the level of nutrient in the blood

Question 13

What are the examples of AMDRs in Canada?

Answer 13

The Acceptable Macronutrient distribution ranges are:

• proteins 10 - 35%
• Lipids 20 - 35%
• Carbs 45 - 65%

Question 14

What is a requirement distribution?

Answer 14

A plot of the nutrient requirements for a life group, typically a bell curve

Question 15

What are the Canadian Dietary guidelines?

Answer 15

• nutritious foods are the foundation to a healthy diet
• processed or premade foods should not be consumed regularly
• Food skills are needed to navigate the complex food environment.

Question 16

What are the key messages of the CFG 2019?

Answer 16

• Eat plenty of veggies and fruits, plant based proteins, whole grains
• replace saturates with healthy fats
• make water drink of choice
• use food labels

Question 17

What is the healthy eating habits advice given on the CFG 2019?

Answer 17

• be mindful of eating habits
• prepare and cook your own food
• eat with friends
• enjoy your food

Question 18

What are pros and cons of the CFG 2019?

Answer 18

Pros:
No FG servings or numbers
Online (can check out resources, evidence, and links)
Tips for meal planning, life stage advice
Cons:
Has all proteins on one plate, for ex: putting irons and minerals together on one plate can mess with absorption
Loss of Milk and Alternatives (decrease in Calcium)

Question 19

What are pros and cons of EWCFG 2007?

Answer 19

Pros: 
Had proportion sizes given
No words - multicultural
used arches to show the amount that should be consumed
Foods upfront are the healthiest
Cons: 
Confusing
People didn't get what a "food guide" serving was
Only made whole grains half of grains
Has orange juice as a serving

Question 20

How much of our diet comes from “other foods?”

Answer 20

25%

Question 21

Why is it so hard to stay healthy in NA?

Answer 21

• lowest physical activity levels then ever (less labor intensive jobs, busy schedules, phones)
• social change (less time spent cooking)
• “Toxic Food Environment” and “obesogenic environment”, its so easy to make unhealthy decisions, tempting food choices
• Portion distribution

Question 22

A large number of the population isn’t getting the mim number of servings from any of the food groups, what % of women aren’t getting the proper amount of nutrients? What are the after effects of this?

Answer 22

• 60%
• Chronic diseases: CHD . osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes, and cancers.
• fertility issues

Question 23

How much has the kcaloric intake risen since the 60’s?

Answer 23

200 -300 calories/day