Module 11

Question 1

Where are the ovarian follicles found in the ovary?

Answer 1

cortex

Question 2

Where are oocytes found?

Answer 2

ovarian follicles

Question 3

Dense connective tissue layer found under the germinal epithelium on ovary

Answer 3

tunica albuginea

Question 4

What structure is pictured here?

Answer 4

Cortex and medulla of the ovary

Question 5

Identify the structures in the micrograph

Answer 5

ovary with follicles and oocytes

Question 6

low cuboidal epithelial layer that covers the ovary

Answer 6

germinal epithelium or ovarian surface epithelium

Question 7

4 developmental stages of ovarian follicles

Answer 7

primordial, primary, secondary, and graafian

Question 8

which follicle stage has a single layer of squamous follicle (granulosa) cells

Answer 8

primordial

Question 9

Which follicle stage is stimulated by FSH?

Answer 9

primary

Question 10

What stage of follicular development does the zona pellucida begin to form?

Answer 10

primary

Question 11

Which covering of the oocyte contains sperm receptors?

Answer 11

zona pellucida

Question 12

Which stage of follicular development shows theca folliculi, theca interna, and theca externa?

Answer 12

primary

Question 13

Which layer of the theca develops endocrine function?

Answer 13

theca interna

Question 14

What stage of follicular development is pictured?

Answer 14

primary- multilaminar

Question 15

Which stage of follicular development has simple cuboidal follicular cells?

Answer 15

primary

Question 16

Which stage of follicular development do vesicles form?

Answer 16

secondary

Question 17

Fluid found inside secondary follicle vesicles

Answer 17

liquor folliculi

Question 18

Which stage of follicular development do oocytes reach full size?

Answer 18

secondary

Question 19

What structure is pictured?

Answer 19

Secondary follicle

Question 20

What results when vesicles in secondary follicles combine?

Answer 20

form an antrum

Question 21

small group of granulosa cells that project out from the wall into the fluid filled antrum of the secondary follicle

Answer 21

cumulus oopherus

Question 22

What surrounds the zona pellucida?

Answer 22

cumulus oopherus

Question 23

What hormone do theca interna cells produce, and what receptor do they contain?

Answer 23

receptor for LH and produce androstenedione

Question 24

How long does it take for a follicle to fully mature to the graafian stage

Answer 24

10-14 days

Question 25

single layer of granulosa cellss that immediately surrounds the primary oocyte in the mature follicle

Answer 25

corona radiata

Question 26

Is the graafian follicle ovulatory or pre-ovulatory?

Answer 26

pre-ovulatory

Question 27

process of releasing the secondary oocyte from the graafian follicle

Answer 27

ovulation

Question 28

what layer of follicular cells stays with the oocyte during ovulation?

Answer 28

corona radiata

Question 29

average time for ovulation

Answer 29

28 days

Question 30

degeneration of developing follicles that don't release an egg

Answer 30

atresia (degeneration)

Question 31

structure that forms due to high levels of LH after ovulation and functions as a temporary endocrine gland

Answer 31

corpus luteum

Question 32

What hormone do luteal cells produce?

Answer 32

progesterone

Question 33

What are the darkly stained cells pictured?

Answer 33

Theca lutein cells

Question 34

corpus luteum involutes to form this structure

Answer 34

corpus albicans

Question 35

functions of the oviduct

Answer 35

receive an ovulated ovum, conduit for sperm to reach oocyte, fertilization, initial stages of embryonic development

Question 36

What are the 4 regions of the oviduct?

Answer 36

fimbrae/infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and intramural region

Question 37

Where in the oviduct does fertilization take place?

Answer 37

ampulla

Question 38

What structure is pictured?

Answer 38

Folds in the fallopian tubes

Question 39

What stage of development does the uterus receive the embryo?

Answer 39

second week

Question 40

3 layers of the uterus

Answer 40

perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium

Question 41

which layer of the uterus has smooth muscle and large blood vessels?

Answer 41

myometrium

Question 42

which layer of the uterus has glandular, secretory components?

Answer 42

endometrium

Question 43

how many layers of muscle are in the myometrium?

Answer 43

4

Question 44

what helps stimulate uterine contractions?

Answer 44

prostaglandins and oxytocin

Question 45

What type of epithelium is found in the endometrium?

Answer 45

nonciliated secretory columnar cells and ciliated cells

Question 46

What structure hormonally controls the uterus?

Answer 46

ovaries

Question 47

structures that secrete "uterine milk" to feed an embryo

Answer 47

uterine glands

Question 48

two layers of the endometrium

Answer 48

stratum functionalis and stratum basalis

Question 49

thick superficial layer that makes up most of the endometrium and is sloughed of during menstruation

Answer 49

stratum functionalis

Question 50

deep narrow layer of the endometrium that remains during menstruation and is vascularized by straight arteries

Answer 50

stratum basalis

Question 51

3 phases of the menstrual cycle

Answer 51

proliferative, secretory, and menstrual

Question 52

what 3 hormones increase drastically right before ovulation?

Answer 52

LH, FSH, estrogen (17-beta-estradiol)

Question 53

what hormone during pregnancy keeps the corpus luteum going

Answer 53

HCG

Question 54

what organ releases FSH and LH?

Answer 54

anterior pituitary

Question 55

When does the secretory phase begin and what homrone is prevalent?

Answer 55

at ovulation. progesterone which comes from the CL

Question 56

what phase of the menstrual cycle do uterine glands become "tortuous, dilated, and secrete"?

Answer 56

secretory phase

Question 57

What phase of the menstrual cycle is shown?

Answer 57

secretory phase

Question 58

internal epithelium of the cervix

Answer 58

simple columnar

Question 59

external epithelium of the cervix

Answer 59

stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

Question 60

hormone that softens the cervix for delivery

Answer 60

relaxin

Question 61

what comprises the lamina propria in the vaginal mucosa

Answer 61

loose connective tissue that has lots of elastic fibers

Question 62

what is responsible for the low pH of the vagina

Answer 62

bacteria that metabolize glycogen and form lactic acid

Question 63

epithelium of the vagina

Answer 63

stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

Question 64

What structure is pictured in this micrograph?

Answer 64

vagina- characterized by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 65

modified sweat glands (tubulo-alveolar glands) that produce exocrine secretions via the apocrine mechanism

Answer 65

mammary glands

Question 66

what connects lobules of the mammary gland to the tip of the nipple?

Answer 66

lactiferous ducts/milk ducts

Question 67

what separates lobes of mammary glands

Answer 67

adipose and connective tissue

Question 68

hormones that cause growth of the duct system during pregnancy

Answer 68

estrogen and progesterone

Question 69

what extra hormone is present for lactating mammary glands during pregnancy?

Answer 69

lactogen

Question 70

hormone that promotes milk let-down

Answer 70

oxytocin

Question 71

what do the alveoli look like in resting/nonsecreting mammary glands?

Answer 71

smaller and not developed and less numerous