Module 9 (?)

Question 1

Difference in villi between small and large intestine

Answer 1

there are NO villi present in the large intestine

Question 2

Circular folds of small intestine that increase surface area by 3x

Answer 2

plicae circulares (valves of Kerckring)

Question 3

What increases small intestine surface area the most?

Answer 3

microvilli

Question 4

Main epithelial cells in small intestine

Answer 4

simple columnar epithelium

Question 5

Mucus secreting unicellular glands in the absorptive cells of the intestinal epithelium

Answer 5

goblet cells

Question 6

Glands in the intestine are also known as

Answer 6

crypts of Lieberkuhn

Question 7

Where are stem cells, enteroendocrine cells, and paneth cells located in the intestine?

Answer 7

lower half of the crypts of lieberkuhn

Question 8

small cells near the base of the intestinal epithelium that secrete hormones into the lamina propria

Answer 8

enteroendocrine cells

Question 9

protein secreting cells at the base of intestinal glands that secrete lysozyme

Answer 9

Paneth cells

Question 10

Lymphatic vessels running through the lamina propria of the small intestine

Answer 10

lacteal

Question 11

What is distinguishing about the duodenum?

Answer 11

it has submucosal Brunner’s glands

Question 12

What does the jejunum lack?

Answer 12

both brunner’s glands and peyer’s patches

Question 13

Which section of the small intestine has most goblet cells?

Answer 13

ileum

Question 14

Special clusters of lymphoid tissue in ileum

Answer 14

Peyer’s patches

Question 15

Main function of large intestine

Answer 15

absorb water

Question 16

fascicles found in the muscularis externa of large intestine

Answer 16

teniae coli

Question 17

bulges of the colon

Answer 17

haustra

Question 18

type of epithelium inside the rectum

Answer 18

stratified squamous, NON keratinized epithelium

Question 19

type of epithelium on the anus

Answer 19

Stratified squamous KERATINIZED epithelium

Question 20

glands in the anal canal

Answer 20

circumanal and sebaceous glands

Question 21

part of the large intestine that contains extensive lymphoid tissue (both diffuse and nodular) and only a few goblet and paneth cells

Answer 21

appendix

Question 22

main functions of the liver?

Answer 22

produce bile, lipid. carbohydrate, protein, and iron metabolism. also creating coag factors

Question 23

exocrine production of the liver

Answer 23

bile

Question 24

components of the liver lobule

Answer 24

Central vein, portal triad, strands of hepatocytes, framework of reticular fibers

Question 25

Where does blood first enter the liver?

Answer 25

sinusoids

Question 26

what epithelium lines the liver sinusoids?

Answer 26

discontinuous, fenestrated layer of endothelial cellls

Question 27

phagocytic cells derived from monocytes that eliminate harmful microorganisms from the liver

Answer 27

Kupffer cells

Question 28

space between sinusoids and hepatocytes

Answer 28

Space of Disse

Question 29

What is at the center of a portal lobule?

Answer 29

bile ductf

Question 30

concentric regions around hepatic arteries

Answer 30

liver acini (acinus of Rappaport)

Question 31

which zone of the liver acinus gets blood and glucose?

Answer 31

zone I

Question 32

lipid and age pigments are found in which liver zones?

Answer 32

II and III

Question 33

What does the gallbladder notably lack?

Answer 33

muscularis and submucosa

Question 34

hormone released by duodenum that causes contraction of the gallbladder

Answer 34

cholecystokinin

Question 35

main functions of the pancrease

Answer 35

produce digestive enzymes and secrete insulin and glucagon

Question 36

shape of pancreatic acini

Answer 36

pyramidal around a central lumen

Question 37

most abundant pancreatic enzyme

Answer 37

trypsin

Question 38

what hormones are released from the duodenum in response to food and acid digestion?

Answer 38

CCK and secretin

Question 39

Which hormone stimulates the secretion of lots of fluid with a high concentration of bicarb?

Answer 39

secretin

Question 40

Which hormone releases digestive enzymes to break down food?

Answer 40

CCK