Module 14 - Principles of Immunization Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Module 14 - Principles of Immunization Deck (10)
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1
Q

What is active immunity?

A
  • Exposing the body to pathogen to generate an adaptive response
  • Antibodies develop in response against the antigen
  • May take days/weeks/years to develop an immunity
  • Can be long-acting immunity
  • It is classified as a naturally acquired immunity
2
Q

What is passive immunity?

A

Passive Natural immunity: Immunity/Antibodies given to baby from mother’s placenta - blood exhange
Passive Artificial Immunity: Antibodies introduced to the immune system from a vaccine/medicine to fight off pathogen
- Lasts as long as the antibodies stay in circulation

3
Q

What is an immunization?

A

The process in which a person becomes protected from a disease (resistance developed)
Ex) Vaccines

4
Q

What is a vaccination?

A

Vaccines are made up of killed or weakened infectious agents to stimulate an immune response
- Body is able to build up immunity and antibodies

5
Q

What infectious diseases which currently have vaccinations?

A
  • Influenza (Vaccine is called Tamiflu)
  • Measles
  • Polio
  • Rubella
  • Tetanus
  • Diphtheria
  • Mumps
  • Meningitis
  • Hepatitis B
  • Tuberculosis
  • Pertussis
6
Q

What is the role of the LPN in immunization administration?

A
  • LPN’s can administer immunizations to people ages 5 and older
  • Immunization specialty is required
  • LPN’s must have knowledge, skill, judgment, and competencies related to the concepts
    and principles of immunity, communicable disease control, immunization, as well as legislative and reporting requirements
7
Q

Routine adult vaccinations

A
  • Tetanus - every 10 years
  • Influenza - annually
  • Diphtheria - every 10 years
  • Pertussis - one time during adult hood/pregnancy
  • Pneumococcal - over 65 years
  • Hepatitis A and B
  • HPV - females 9-26 years
  • Meningococcal
  • Measles
  • Rubella/Varicella - people who have not had chicken pox
  • Herpes Zoster - Over 50 and who have been exposed to shingles
  • Travel Vaccines
8
Q

What are some factors affecting the action of vaccines?

A
  • Environmental (location, season, family)
  • Behavioral (smoking, alcohol, exercise, sleep)
  • Nutritional (weight, BMI, diets)
  • Personal influence to vaccines
9
Q

What are some potential side effects of common vaccines?

A
  • Pain, swelling, or redness where the shot was given
  • Mild fever
  • Chills
  • Fatigue
  • Headache
  • Muscle and joint aches
  • Psychosomatic fear causing side effects
10
Q

What are some teaching points associated with the administration of these medications?

A
  • Check for allergies
  • Through assessment
  • Educate on side effects
  • Educate on importance of vaccine - what is it for? why does it help?
  • Ensure medication is not expired
  • Educate on follow ups for vaccines