Module 2

Question 1

A person uses his freedom towards seeking attention and attaining virtue so that they make moral choices by habit.

Answer 1

Personal

Question 2

It is a thought or behavior that displays high moral standards.

Answer 2

Virtue

Question 3

This aspect allows us to make choices that you and those around you can live with.

Answer 3

Interpersonal

Question 4

This aspect allows us to view freedom and mortality in line with the overall purpose of human life–the destination which Lewis refers to in his analogy.

Answer 4

Aspect of the ultimate end

Question 5

“Freedom is gift.”

Answer 5

Gabriel Marcel

Question 6

Often regarded as the first French existentialist that who saw freedom as a God-given gift which allows humans to be who they are by making choices that are important to their self-actualization.

Answer 6

Gabriel Marcel

Question 7

He said that, “being free meant being able to choose according to what we think is right for us and towards achieving the life we hope to have.”

Answer 7

Gabriel Marcel

Question 8

“Freedom is complementary to reason.”

Answer 8

Aristotle

Question 9

A classical Greek philosopher and one of the most influential ones of all time who discussed freedom extensively in his ethical doctrines.

Answer 9

Aristotle

Question 10

He said that practical rationality not only enhances, but emphasizes freedom. He also asserted that freedom and reason are necessary for consciously making sense of things and that human ability for self-direction allows us pursue and achieve our ultimate end.

Answer 10

Aristotle

Question 11

“Freedom is absolute.”

Answer 11

Jean Paul Sartre

Question 12

One of the great French philosophers who stated that freedom in human goes beyond freedom from restrictions.

Answer 12

Jean Paul Sartre

Question 13

According to him, unlike animals, humans are “absolutely free” and have the freedom in terms of their ability to think, to make changes to themselves and their lives and pursue self-actualization and fulfilment.

Answer 13

Jean Paul Sartre

Question 14

“Freedom demands responsibility.”

Answer 14

Jean Paul Sartre

Question 15

It refers to a wagon that carries a band through a parade.

Answer 15

Bandwagon

Question 16

It refers to the tendency for people’s behavior or beliefs to conform to those of the group to which they belong.

Answer 16

Herd mentality

Question 17

It is the way of life of a particular group of people.

Answer 17

Culture

Question 18

It encompasses so many aspects from traditions, customs, beliefs, and values, to history, all forms of art, knowledge, religions and even power dynamics among others.

Answer 18

Culture

Question 19

It is powerful in shaping social and personal decisions, behavior and practice because it provides the basis how and why things are done in a particular way.

Answer 19

Culture

Question 20

It comes from the word “symbolon” which means “token” or “watchword”.

Answer 20

Symbol

Question 21

It is a mark, sign or word that indicates, signifies or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship in which people of a particular culture find significant meaning.

Answer 21

Symbol

Question 22

It is a symbol system that enables members of a shared culture to communicate verbally whether orally or in writing.

Answer 22

Language

Question 23

These are assumptions or convictions held to be true by an individual or group of people, and grounded in the shared confidence on the truth or existence of something without necessarily requiring proof of it.

Answer 23

Beliefs

Question 24

These are principles or standards of behavior, and one’s judgment of what is important in life and thus guide and motivate attitudes or actions.

Answer 24

Values

Question 25

These describe the personal qualities we choose to embody to guide our actions; the sort of person we want to be; the manner in which we treat ourselves and others, and our interaction with the world around us.

Answer 25

Values

Question 26

These are what people in shared cultures deem as good, desirable and worth emulating, pursuing and being; and provide the general guidelines for conduct.

Answer 26

Values

Question 27

These are values accepted by religions or societies and reflect what is important in each context.

Answer 27

Cultural values

Question 28

These are the standards we live by and the shared expectations and rules that guide behavior of people within social groups.

Answer 28

Cultural norms

Question 29

These are learned and reinforced from parents, friends, teachers and others while growing up in a society.

Answer 29

Cultural norms

Question 30

It is instrumental in imbibing Filipino values to an individual.

Answer 30

Home environment

Question 31

It refers to this directly to explain the internalized attitude of ethnic or cultural inferiority felt by people as a result of colonization.

Answer 31

Colonial mentality

Question 32

Passively believing that everything will eventually sort itself out.

Answer 32

Bahala na attitude

Question 33

It is known for the power imbalance that is evidenced by political dynasties, corruption and impunity of the rich and elite.

Answer 33

Political environment

Question 34

This refers to the selfish, self-serving attitude possessed by many Filipinos.

Answer 34

Kanya-kanya syndrome

Question 35

It comes from the behavior seen in crabs placed in a basket wherein crabs prevent other crabs from reaching the top and escaping by pulling them down again.

Answer 35

Crab mentality

Question 36

This refers to the attitude of some Filipinos to put off for tomorrow or until the last moment something that can be done today.

Answer 36

Mañana habit

Question 37

This attitude refers to non-observance of scheduled or standard time and overall punctuality.

Answer 37

Filipino time

Question 38

This attitude captures the attitude of many Filipinos who engage in something with zeal only at the beginning and quickly loses interest or enthusiasm for the task.

Answer 38

Ningas kugon

Question 39

It is seen in many ways from queuing habits to adherence to basic laws, regulations and ordinances.

Answer 39

Lack of self discipline

Question 40

This refers to the internalized attitude of ethnic or cultural inferiority felt by people as a result of colonization.

Answer 40

Colonial mentality

Question 41

This attitude is the embodiment of the fatalistic attitude of Filipinos and could result in avoiding the confrontation and resolution of tough situations or issues.

Answer 41

Bahala na attitude