Module #2 Review Questions

Question 1

The term ___ is often used as a general term that applies to all members of kingdom Monera.

Answer 1

Bacteria

Question 2

Some bacteria cause disease, this kind of bacteria are called what?

Answer 2

Pathogen

Question 3

Some bacteria have what that surrounds the cell wall?

Answer 3

A capsule

Question 4

Why is the capsule that surrounds the cell wall is composed of an organized layer of sticky sugars?

Answer 4

It helps the bacteria adhere to the surface.

Question 5

What is the purpose of the capsule that surrounds the cell wall?

Answer 5

It is a protective layer that tends to deter infection-fighting agents.

Question 6

Most bacteria have what that holds the contents of the bacterium together, regulates the amount of water that a bacterium can absorb, and holds the cell into one of three shapes?

Answer 6

A cell wall

Question 7

Bacterium cells have one of three shapes, name all three.

Answer 7

1. Spherical
2. Rod-shaped
3. Helical

Question 8

The absence or presence of and its composition (if it exists) are used to classify bacteria.

Answer 8

A cell wall

Question 9

The absence or presence of a cell wall and its composition (if it exists) are used to what?

Answer 9

Classify bacteria

Question 10

What is there underneath the cell wall (if it exists), which regulates what the bacterium takes in from the outside world.

Answer 10

Plasma membrane

Question 11

What exists throughout the interior of a cell, supporting the DNA and the ribosomes?

Answer 11

Cytoplasm

Question 12

What are the fibrous bristles that many bacteria use for grasping called?

Answer 12

Fimbriae

or Sex pili when used in reproduction

Question 13

With what do bacteria accomplished locomotion?

Answer 13

A flagellum

Question 14

Ribosomes make special chemicals known as what?

Answer 14

Proteins

Question 15

In terms of what they eat, most bacteria are what?

Answer 15

Decomposers

Question 16

Because bacteria are a decomposer, they are called what?

Answer 16

Saprophytes

Question 17

Some bacteria which feed on a living host are called what?

Answer 17

Parasites

Question 18

One way Autotrophic bacteria manufacture their own food is by using the energy of the sun to make food this is called what?

Answer 18

Photosynthesis

Question 19

One way Autotrophic bacteria manufacture their own food is by promoting chemical reactions that release energy which is called what?

Answer 19

Chemosynthesis

Question 20

Some bacteria need oxygen in order to survive they are called what?

Answer 20

Aerobic organisms

Question 21

Some bacteria do not need oxygen to survive, they are called what?

Answer 21

Anaerobic organisms

Question 22

What bacteria either decompose dead organisms or covert useless chemicals into chemicals that can be used by other life forms?

Answer 22

Anaerobic

Question 23

Asexual reproduction in bacteria is often called what?

Answer 23

Binary fission

Question 24

Typically, a population of bacteria starts off with what kind of growth?

Answer 24

Exponential growth

Question 25

Typically, a population of bacteria starts off with exponential growth until it reaches what state where the bacteria die as quickly as new ones are made?

Answer 25

A steady

Question 26

When population growth of bacteria is controlled by resources, we call it what?

Answer 26

Logistic growth

Question 27

If resources of a logistic growth begin to run out, the population will what?

Answer 27

Die

Question 28

When bacteria exchange genetic information, we call it what?

Answer 28

Genetic recombination

Question 29

Genetic recombination can occur in one of three ways. Name all three.

Answer 29

1. Conjugation 2. Transformation 3. Transduction

Question 30

Bacteria link together to exchange plasmid in what process?

Answer 30

Conjugation

Question 31

Small circular strands of DNA are called what?

Answer 31

Plasmid

Question 32

In what process can a bacterium absorb a segment of DNA from a not-functional donor cell?

Answer 32

Transformation

Question 33

In transduction, bacterium can absorb what from a not-functional donor cell?

Answer 33

Segments of DNA

Question 34

In transduction, bacterium can absorb segments of DNA from what kind of donor cell?

Answer 34

Non-functioning

Question 35

In what process can DNA be transferred from on bacterium to another by a virus?

Answer 35

Transduction

Question 36

What do bacteria form in order to survive harsh conditions?

Answer 36

Endospores

Question 37

What is really just a simple association of individual bacteria?

Answer 37

A colony

Question 38

What shape do Bacteria in a streptococcus colony have?

Answer 38

A spherical shape

Question 39

What shape do bacteria in a diplobacillus colony?

Answer 39

A rod-shape

Question 40

After what additive do certain bacteria look blue when viewed under a microscope whereas others looked red.

Answer 40

Gram stain

Question 41

What bacteria belong in phylum Gracilicutes?

Answer 41

Gram-negative

Question 42

What bacteria belong in phylum Firmicutes?

Answer 42

Gram-positive

Question 43

Bacteria with cell walls significantly different from Gram-negative and Gram-positive are found in what phylum?

Answer 43

Mendosicutes

Question 44

Bacteria with no cell walls belong in what phylum?

Answer 44

Tenericutes

Question 45

In Phylum Gracilicutes, which class has non-photosynthetic bacteria?

Answer 45

Scotobacteria

Question 46

In Phylum Gracilicutes, which class has photosynthethic bacteria that do not produce oxygen?

Answer 46

Anoxyphotobacteria

Question 47

In Phylum Firmicutes which class has cocci and bacilli bacteria?

Answer 47

Firmibacteria

Question 48

In Phylum Firmicutes which class has bacteria that are not cocci and bacilli?

Answer 48

Thallobacteria

Question 49

What class is found in Phylum Tenericutes?

Answer 49

Mollicutes

Question 50

What class is found in Phylum Mendosicutes?

Answer 50

Archaebacteria

Question 51

Many places that are uninhabitable to other organisms will be populated with members of what class

Answer 51

Archaebacteria

Question 52

Photosynthetic organisms called blue-green algae are more properly called what?

Answer 52

Cyanobacteria

Question 53

Clostridium botulinum can cause what?

Answer 53

Botulism

Question 54

Undercooked eggs and poultry can give you what?

Answer 54

Food poisoning

Question 55

What are the forms of Escherichia coli bacteria?

Answer 55

pathogenic forms and non-pathogenic forms

Question 56

For optimum growth, most bacteria need what 5 things?

Answer 56

1. Moisture 2. Moderate temperatures 3. Nutrition 4. Darkness 5. Proper amount of oxygen