Module 2.8 Disorders of RBC's

Question 1

Until age 5 erythropoiesis occurs where?

Answer 1

In almost every bone

Question 2

After age 20 erythropoiesis occurs where?

Answer 2

Vertebra, sternum, ribs, pelvis

Question 3

Erythropoietin is releases by kidneys in response to

Answer 3

low tissue oxygen

Question 4

Normal reticulocyte count

Answer 4

1-2% tells you rate of RBC production

Question 5

reticulorcyte count in someone being treated for anemia

Answer 5

much higher

Question 6

RBC family tree

Answer 6

Pluripotent Stem cell > Normoblast > Reticulocyte > RBC

Question 7

Transferrin

Answer 7

transports iron in blood

Question 8

Ferritin

Answer 8

protein-iron complex for iron storage in liver

Can measure serum ferritin levels.

Question 9

RBC life span

Answer 9

120 days

Question 10

What happens to heme molecule after RBC degredation

Answer 10

converted to bilirubin and transported to liver.

Then is conjugated and made water soluble for elimination via bile

Question 11

RBC metabolism

Answer 11

Glucose dependant

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) helps release O2.

Question 12

Methemoglobin

Answer 12

Produced in response to exposure to chems like nitrate. Does not release O2 molecule > hypoxia

Question 13

Hematocrit

Answer 13

Volume of RBC’s in 100uL of blood.

Question 14

RBC count x 3 =

Answer 14

Hgb

Question 15

Hgb x 3 =

Answer 15

Hct

Question 16

Pt with Type A blood has which antibodies

Answer 16

B

Question 17

Blood type decribes

Answer 17

the antigens on your RBC’s

Question 18

Acute Anemia (trauma) lab results

Answer 18

Very low HCT but normal MCV (>80)

Question 19

MCV

Answer 19

mean cell volume - normally >80

Question 20

Chronic Anemia (GI bleed compensated by increased RBC production) Lab Results

Answer 20

Normal to Low Hct with low MCV (<80)

Question 21

Inherited Hemolytic Anemias

Answer 21

Hereditary Spherocytosis (misshapen RBC’s)
Sickle Cell
Thalassemia: a or ß
G6PD deficiency

Question 22

Acquired Hemolytic Anemia

Answer 22

Detected with Coombs test
Drugs
toxins
malaria
venoms

Question 23

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Answer 23

ABO incompatibility

Less severe than Rh Incompatibility

Question 24

Meds that can be devastating to people with G6PD deficiency

Answer 24

Nitrofunrantoin (Macrobid)
(sulfa) Bactrim
Cipro

Question 25

Extravascular Hemolysis

Answer 25

less deformable RBC's cant travers splenic sinusoids

Question 26

Intravascular hemolysis

Answer 26

result of complement fixation

Question 27

Sickle Cell disease heritability

Answer 27

Autosomal Recessive

Question 28

Megaloblastic anemia causes

Answer 28

``` Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency. Folic Acid deficiency ```

Question 29

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency causes

Answer 29

low meat consumption | Low intrinsic factor from parietal cells in stomach.

Question 30

Neuro changes associated with Vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer 30

Parasthesias Loss of vibratory sensation Dementia Psych issues

Question 31

Difference in megaloblastic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency vs B12 deficiency

Answer 31

Same but NO NEURO CHANGES

Question 32

Methotrexate

Answer 32

chemo med that blocks conversion of inactive to active folic acid.

Question 33

Aplastic Anemia

Answer 33

total suppression of bone marrow. hematologic emergency.

Question 34

Types of polycythemia

Answer 34

Relative - due to fluid loss Primary - proliferative disease of bone marrow. Excess production. Secondary - increased erythropoietin. Caused by hypoxia

Question 35

Causes of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns

Answer 35

immature liver breast feeding - FA's inhibit bilirubin conjugation Hemolytic Disease of NB Hypoxia