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Pharmacology > module 3 anticonvulsants > Flashcards

module 3 anticonvulsants Flashcards

1
Q

ethosuximide MOA

A

Ca channel inhibitor

blocks T-type Ca channels

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2
Q

ethosuximide AE

A 
blood dyscrasias
systemic lupus
serious skin reactions
slep disturbance
aggressive
psychosis
mania
GI upset
N/V/D
anorexia
fatigue 
dizzy
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3
Q

ethosuximide administration

A

long half life

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4
Q

gabapentin MOA

A

Ca channel inhibitor
structural analog of GABA
blocks HAV Ca channels -> enhanced GABA-mediated inhibition

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5
Q

gabapentin use

A

not very effective for seizures

peripheral neuropathy

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6
Q

gabapentin AE

A 
neuropsychiatric events
DRESS
somnolence
CNS depression 
dizzy
peripheral edema
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7
Q

gabapentin administration

A

short half life

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8
Q

gabapentin precaution

A

100% renally excreted

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9
Q

pregabalin MOA

A

Ca channel inhibitor
structural analog of GABA, more potent
blocks HVA Ca channels -> inc. GABA-mediated inhibition

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10
Q

pregabalin use

A

not very effective for seizures

peripheral neuropathy

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11
Q

pregabalin AE

A 
neuropsychiatric events
DRESS
somnolence
CNS depression
dizzy
peripheral edema
angioedema
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12
Q

ezogabine MOA

A

K channel inhibitor

inc. transmembrane K currents, stabilize resting membrane potential

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13
Q

exogabine AE

A 
BB: retinal abnml, potential vision loss
urinary retention
neuropsychiatric events
QT prolongation 
CNS depression
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14
Q

benzodiazepines, clobazam, barbituates MOA

A

enhance GABA-mediated inhibition

- anticonvulsant

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15
Q

benzodiazepines, clobazam, barbituates AE

A

CNS depression

dependence: schedule IV drug
clobazam: serious skin reactions

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16
Q

vigabatrin MOA

A

structural analog of GABA

irreversibly inhibits enzyme GABA transaminase -> inc. GABA levels

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17
Q

vigabatrin AE

A 
BB: permanent vision loss 
CNs depression
anemia
wt gain
edema
18
Q

vigabatrin administration

A

not significantly metabolized

renally eliminated

19
Q

tiagabine MOA

A

inhibit GABA reuptake

20
Q

tiagabine AE

A

cognitive/neuropsychiatric events

21
Q

tiagabine precaution

A

hepatically metabolized

22
Q

felbamate MOA

A

glutamate receptor inhibitor
inhibits NMDA receptor: inc. GABA activity
limits Na channel firing

23
Q

felbamate AE

A

BB: acute hepatic failure, aplastic anemia

24
Q

felbamate interactions

A

induces: 3A4
inhibits: 2C19

25
felbamate monitoring
liver | CBC
26
rufinamide MOA
may inhibit glutamate receptors | prolong inactive state of Na channels
27
rufinamide AE
CNS reactions | QT shortening
28
permapanel MOA
glutamate receptor inhibitor | noncompetitive AMPA-type glutamate receptor antagonist
29
permapanel AE
``` BB: serious pscyhiatric and behavioral reactions somnolence fatigue gait disturbance falls ```
30
permapanel precautions
hepatically metabolized CYP3A4 schedule III drug
31
valproic acid and derivative MOA
mixed-action anticonvulsant slows rate of Na channel recovery form inactivated state limit T-type Ca channels inc. GABA concentrations
32
valproic acid and derivative AE
``` BB: - hepatotoxicity - pancreatitis - fetal risk hematopoietic disorders hyperammonemia DRESS CNS depression GI s/s alopecia tremor ```
33
valproic acid and derivative precautions
preg hepatically metabolized protein bound: 80-90%
34
valproic acid and derivative monitoring
drug level: 50-100 CBC liver
35
levetiracetam MOA
unknown - inhibits burst firing w/out affecting nml excitability - binds to synaptic vesicle protein SV2a - opposes activity of negative modulators of GABA and glycine-gated currents - partially inhibits N-type Ca channels
36
levetiracetam AE
``` behavior changes psychotic s/s somnolence fatigue hematologic abnml CNS depression irritability aggression ```
37
levetiracetam administration
protein bound: <10% not extensively metabolized 66% renally excreted
38
topiramate MOA
mixed-action anticonvulsant - blocks Na channels - inc. GABA activity - inhibit glutamate receptors - inhibit carbonic anhydrase
39
topiramate AE
``` acute myopia angle closure glaucoma cognitive and neuropsychiatric AE oligohidrosis hyperthermia metabolic acidosis kidney stones ```
40
zonisamide MOA
blocks NA and T-type Ca channels | inhibits carbonic anhydranase
41
zonisamide AE
``` fatal sulfonamide reactions serious skin reactions hematological AE congitive and neuropscyhiatric AE oligohidrosis hyperthermia metabolic acidosis kidney stones ```
42
zonisamide interactions
hepatically metabolized: 3A4

Pharmacology (78 decks)

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