Module 4 - Infancy Flashcards
(40 cards)
visual assessment
tone, interactiveness, consolability, look, speech/cry
what must be considered when conducting a paediatric assessment?
their anatomical and physiological differences to adults
A-F assessment
airway breathing circulation disability exposure fluids
larger head, prominent occupit, short neck and soft tracheal cartilage are all important during an airway assessment because?
it means the airways can be obstructed when the neck is flexed
large tongue, floppy eppiglottis and narrow nasal passages mean what during an airway assessment?
that nasal secretions, inflammation and foreign objects can easily cause obstruction
what is significant about breathing in infants?
they are abdominal breathers, meaning that they rely on their diapghrams to breathe
what causes infants to be ‘abdominal breathers’?
inefficient intercostal and accessory muscles
RR <3 months
30-55
RR 3-12mths
30-45
RR 1-4yrs
20-40
RR 5-11yrs
20-30
RR 12+ yrs
15-20
circulation in children
circulating blood per kilogram is higher but the volume is smaller, making it much easier to sustain dangerous blood loss
the anterior fontanelle is useful in assessing which two things?
dehydration and intracranial pressure
which assessments should be conducted age appropriately in particular?
- pain assessment (wong baker scale)
- GCS
neonates and infants have …. (relating to fluid)
higher total body water and greater proportion of extracellular fluid
the immature kidney function in infants means that
they have reduced capacity to reabsorb sodium and water
neonates, infants and children all require what assessment and why?
regular weight and height assessment to assess nutritional intake
health promotion
- nutrition
- immunisations
- safety
- dental
- socialisation
- education
- discipline
why is it important to assess developmental milestone?
to ensure the child is developing and progressing properly
- smiling at people
- lifts head and chest off the floor
- fix eyes on moving object
2 months
- turns head to sound
- smooth movement of arms and legs
- coos, gurgles
2 months
- recognises faces
- babbles
- reaches for spoon when being fed
6 months
- rolls in both direction
- sits without support
- preparing to crawl
6 months
