Module 4: Structure And Function Of Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards
What structures form the endomembrane system?
Nuclear membrane
ER (rough and smooth),
Golgi Apparatus,
Lysosomes and vesicles,
Plasma Membrane
What 3 major structures are present in plant cells but not animal cells?
Cells walls,
Large central vacuoles,
Chloroplasts
What is chromatin?
DNA wrapped around proteins.
What makes ribosomes?
The nucleolus in the nucleus.
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
What are nucleic acids?
Polymers of nucleotides.
What are the single structure (1 ring) nitrogenous bases? What are they called?
Adenine and guanine.
They are pryimidines.
What are the double structure (2 ring) nitrogenous bases? What are they called?
Uracil, thymine and cytosine.
They are purines.
What are lysosomes?
Lysosomes are the ‘recycling centre’ of the cell.
They are full of destructive enzymes that break down cellular structures.
What is phagocytosis?
The engulfing and breaking down of material from OUTSIDE the cell.
What is autophagy?
The breaking down and recycling of material from INSIDE the cell.
What organelle do animal cells have that plants cells don’t?
Lysosomes
What are nucleotides?
Monomeric units containing a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
They contain atoms of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
