Module 5

Question 1

Associative account for CBM

Answer 1

Idea that CBM targets distortions in automatic mental processes (cog biases) which are driven by associative representations and maintain addiction

Question 2

Inferential account of CBM

Answer 2

Idea that CBM works through changes in propositional representations containing info about how concepts are causally related

Question 3

How does maladaptive behaviour result according to the inferential account of CBM

Answer 3

Not result from automatic activation of associations between stimuli and responses BUT from goal-driven inferences about the relevance of the behaviour to people‘s goal

Question 4

ABC training

Answer 4

New approach to CBM in which participants are trained with
A: personally relevant antecedent cues
B: to make goal-relevant behavioural choices
C: in light of their consequences

Question 5

Self-ordered pointing test (SOPT)

Answer 5

MEASURING WORKING MEMORY

Question 6

CBM used for which 2 purposes

Answer 6

1. test the causal role of the bias
2. can be clinically applied to reduce maladaptive cognitive biases

Question 7

3 factors that have been identified to improve ABM

Answer 7

1. participants should be motivated to improve their training performance + control over their attention
2. large number of different stimuli should be presented during training (generalisation) toward new stimuli
3. multiple training sessions necessary to have more profound + lasting effec

Question 8

3 changes to improve CBM based on the inferential account

Answer 8

Change 1: gaol-relevant alternative behaviours
Change 2: personally relevant consequences
Change 3: personally relevant antecedent context

Question 9

Cognitive biases

Answer 9

Biased pattern of information processing

Question 10

Implicit cognitive biases

Answer 10

Unconscious/automatic patterns of thinking that occur without deliberate awareness or control

they often stem from implicit associations formed through repeated exposure to certain stimuli or social conditioning

Question 11

explicit cognitive biases

Answer 11

Conscious/deliberate patterns of thinking that individuals are aware of and can articulate

Involve intentional judgements or beliefs that individuals consciously endorse

Question 12

Criticism dual process models

Answer 12

• the characteristics of the different systems are not well correlated
• many processes have some mixture of characteristics
• no isolatable system

Question 13

Way to improve Cognitive Training

Answer 13

• Gamification (does not yet show improvement)
• more personalised alternative goals
• personalised learning parameters
• training based on more reliable assessment
• training after reactivation (disruption of memory reconsolidation)
• add neurostimulations