Module 5 Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
are the standards that people use to decide what is desirable, good, and
beautiful and that serve as broad guidelines for social living
A
values
2
Q
are particular matters that individuals consider true or false.
A
beliefs
3
Q
Filipinos expressing that they are up to the challenge
A
Bahala Na
4
Q
the internal and external aspects of hiya. The negative view of hiya is the external aspect which foreign scholars have captured.
A
Hiya
5
Q
The more appropriate translation of hiya in English is not “shame”, but instead
A
sense of propriety
6
Q
pertains to gratitude/solidarity. It is not similar to having debts that you need to pay, rather, it is an interpersonal relation that gives you the opportunity to return the favor.
A
utang na loob
7
Q
is a concept which is actually at the heart of the structure of Filipino values. All about maintaining smooth interpersonal relationships among Filipinos
A
kapwa
8
Q
Interpersonal relationship where people are friendly with each other
Basic human friendliness and affinity
Born from Filipino’s sense of camaraderie, friendship, neighborliness, or
empathy towards others.
Filipinos believe that they live and act together with coequals, and
consider it only natural that the consideration they show to others will be
reciprocated
A
pakikisama
9
Q
Shame, disgrace, embarrassment, sense of propriety
Used as an excuse to avoid attacks from others in protecting their selfesteem
One is not in position to be able to conform, but it is not intentionally
disobeying the rules
A
hiya
10
Q
Debt of gratitude
The tendency to feel grateful to a person who has extended kindness
A
utang na loob
11
Q
Filipinos are said to be family-oriented
A
close family ties
12
Q
Come what may
Resign oneself into the hand of destiny or fate
Idea of swerte and malas
A
Bahala Na
13
Q
a. Self esteem with a meaning expanding to confidence, pride, strength, competence, and aptitude
b. Adds to self respect
A
amor propio
14
Q
Involves cooperation and bonding with people
A
bayanihan
15
Q
Warm welcome that the filipino gives to each other
A
hospitality
16
Q
Tendency to be enthusiastic when beginning something but eventually losing enthusiasm after a time
Waiting for your motivation to hit you
Two sides: motivation, pressure
Sa una ka lang magaling
A
Ningas Cogon
17
Q
Elders = fountain of wisdom
Positive: respect to elders
Negative: adds up to elders’ ego, papunta ka palang pabalik na ko
A
Respect to Elders
18
Q
Unwillingness to challenge those in authority
Tendency of quietly obeying people in authority (includes also the concept of utang na loob)
A
Submisiveness
19
Q
Procrastination
Positive side: concept of sarap, internal and external, sarap sa pakiramdam, you satisfy what you want
A
Manana Habit
20
Q
Filipinos love festivals
Fiesta celebrations are held in honor of the patron saint of the town
Engrossed in celebrating in grand style and the gaiety of the festivals
A
Fiesta Grande
21
Q
a. Palakasan system
b. Nepotism and cronyism (friendship)
A
Padrino System
22
Q
defined by Virgilio G. Enriquez as the “study of diwa (psyche)”, which in Filipino directly refers to the wealth of ideas referred to by the philosophical concept of ‘essence’
A
Sikolohiyang Pilipino
23
Q
and an entire range of psychological concepts from awareness to motives to behavior the ultimate aim is to contribute to universal psychology, which can be realized
only if each group of people is adequately understood by themselves and from
their own perspective.
A
Sikolohiyang Pilipino
24
Q
The principal emphasis of Sikolohiyang Pilipino is to
A
foster national identity and
consciousness, social involvement, and psychology of language and culture.
25
It is thus concerned with proper applications to health, agriculture, art, mass media, religion, and other spheres of people's daily life.
Sikolohiyang Pilipino
26
an approach whereby the theoretical framework and methodology emerge from the experiences of the people from the indigenous culture. looking for the indigenous psychology from within the culture itself and not just
clothing a foreign body with a local dres.
Indigenization from within
27
The term for indigenization from within is erronous, hence suggested as
Cultural revalidation.
28
general form of psychology in the Philippine context.
Sikolohiya sa Pilipinas
29
theorizing about the psychological nature of the
Filipinos, whether from a local or a foreign perspective
Sikolohiya ng mga PIlipino
30
father of sikolohiyang pilipino
Virgilio G. Enriquez
31
Four filiations of Sikolohiyang Pilipino
1. Academic-scientific psychology: the Western tradition
2. Academic-philosophical psychology
3. Ethnic psychology
4. Psycho-medical system with religion
32
at the core of Filipino social psychology and at the heart of
the structure of Filipino values.
kapwa (shared identity)
33
Colonial / accommodative surface values
Hiya (propriety)
Utang na loob (gratitude/solidarity)
Pakikisama (companionship/esteem)
34
Confrontative surface values
Bahala na (determination)
Sama/lakas ng loob (resentment/guts)
Pakikibaka (resistance)
35
Core value
Kapwa/Pakikipagkapwa
36
Stages of Ibang-tao
Pakikisalamuha (interaction)
Pakikitungo (transactional, civility)
Pakikilahok (joining, actively participating but no relationship yet)
Pakikibagay (conforming)
Pakikisama (getting along with)
37
Stages of Hinid Ibang Tao
Pakikipagpalagayang-loob (being in rapport/understanding/acceptance with)
Pakikisangkot
38
Pivotal interpersonal value
Pakikiramdam (shared inner perception)
39
Linking socio-personal value
Kagandahang-loob (shared humanity)
40
Societal values
Karangalan (dignity)
Katarungan (justice)
Kalayaan (freedom)
41
Being sensitive to non-verbal cues, having concern for the feeling of
others, being truthful but not at the expense of hurting others' feelings
Emotional a priori
Indirectness
Pakikiramdam
42
physical, such as that bestowed through compliments
or applauses
puri
43
from within, knowledge of one's true worth, character, achievement
dangal
44
in 1975 utilized dimensions of personality
that are relevant to Filipinos
Panukat ng Ugali at Pagkatao (PUP)
45
indigenous research method: probing into an unsystematized mass of social and cultural
data
pakapa-kapa
46
5 Basic Guiding Principles in the Use of Indigenous Research Methods
1. Research participants should be treated as equal
2. Pagtatanong-tanong - marked by casualness
3. Prioritization of research participant's welfare
Research method based on the appropriateness to the population and cultural norms
4. Pakikiramdam
5. Language of the researched as language used in the research
47
theory that says Humans love to achieve reproductive success, that is, survival and continuation of the species
Evolutionary Theory
48
Love is learned or a product of conditioning
Learning Theory
49
There are biochemical associations and changes that happen
in the human body
Biological Theory
50
Love occurs as a desire to be with the “other half”
Ontological Theory
51
Who conceptualized love in terms of three basic components that form the vertices of a triangle: intimacy, passion, and commitment.
Robert Sternberg
52
This component is primarily emotional or affective in nature and involves feelings of warmth, closeness,
connection, and bondedness in the love relationship.
intimacy
53
This component is motivational and consists of the drives that are involved in romantic and physical
attraction, sexual consummation, and related phenomena.
passion component
54
component that is largely cognitive and represents both the short-term decision that one individual love
another and the longer term commitment to maintain that love.
commitment component
55
(no intimacy, passion, or decision/commitment) describes casual interactions
that are characterized by the absence of all three love components. Most of our personal
relationships (which are essentially casual associations) can be defined as
Non-love
56
(intimacy alone) relationships are essentially friendship. They contain warmth, intimacy, closeness, and other positive emotional experiences but lack both passion and decision/commitment.
Liking
57
(passion alone) is an intense, “love at first sight” experience that is
characterized by extreme attraction and arousal in the absence of any real emotional intimacy and decision/ commitment.
infatuation
58
(decision/commitment alone) relationships, the partners are committed to each other and the relationship but lack an intimate emotional connection and passionate attraction. This type of love is often seen at the end of long-term relationships
(or at the beginning of arranged marriages).
empty love
59
(intimacy and passion) consists of feelings of closeness and
connection coupled with strong physical attraction.
romantic love
60
(intimacy and decision/commitment) is essentially a long-term, stable, and committed friendship that is characterized by high amounts of emotional
intimacy, the decision to love the partner, and the commitment to remain in the relationship. This type of love is often seen in “best friendships” that are nonsexual or in long-term marriages in which sexual attraction has faded.
companionate love
61
e (passion and decision/commitment) based their
commitment to each other on passion rather than on deep emotional intimacy. These
“whirlwind” relationships are typically unstable and at risk for termination.
fatuous love
62
(intimacy, passion and decision/commitment) results from the
combination of all three components. According to Sternberg, this is the type of “complete”
love that many individuals strive to attain, particularly in their romantic relationships.
consummate love
63
The philosophy and phenomenology of love tell us that the experience of love
begins with a feeling of
loneliness
64
The philosophy and phenomenology of love tell us that the experience of love
begins with a feeling of loneliness. And this feeling of loneliness ends when you are found
by another in what we call a
loving encounter
65
takes place
following the loving encounter.
Reciprocity of love
66
follows once the act of giving and taking is imbibed. Love builds. It builds persons, relationships, foundations. It builds characters, attitudes, and behavior
creativity of love
67
” Love means to identify yourself with the other. A metaphysical union which
tells that in love there’s no longer a “you” and “me” but a “we”—an “us.” Unity precedes
“the gift of self.” In love, this means sacrifice.
union of love
68
the highest level by which we can attain love is when there is; love is not a bondage but a liberation
equality in love
69
People tend to fall in love with
people with whom we have regular contact. They are there. They are the ones who are
readily available.
proximity
70
The special relationship we associate with romantic love
A relationship between two people that often involves a deep knowledge about
each other. It is caring, interdependent, mutual, trusting, and committed
intimate relationship
71
For mosy adolescents, it is regarded as a social experience rather than a prelude
to marriage
Can be for recreation, companionship, status-seeking, personal growth, sexual
experimentation, mate selection, and the desire for intimacy
Dating
72
The process of being friends first and then developing feelings for each other
from being constantly together
*
Not spontaneous but a gradual process of developing emotional intimacy
through time
*
* Involves pakiramdaman
mutual understanding
73
people tend
to have stronger feelings for people who share the same attitudes, values, and interests.
similarity
74
means that people are likely to develop strong
feelings for someone who share these feelings, because it pays off. (I like you. You like
me. We should be together.)
reciprocal liking
75
People are initially
attracted to people whom we find physically attractive. In case of people who do not really
have the physical assets, some factors may compensate that may be found attractive.
physical attraction
76
People consider their own personal characteristics (physical
attractiveness, physical fitness, wealth) when we seek romantic partners
matching hypothesis
77
, a love that is never reciprocated.
one sided love, unrequited love
78
fiev types of unreq love
crush on someone unavailable
crush on someone nearby
pursuing a love object
longing for a past loving
an unequal love relationship
79
Three dimensions of matching hypothesis
Physicality, Personality-type, Wavelength,
80
no chance of forming a relationship
Crush on Someone Unavailable
81
physically nearby, no dicoslure of romantic interest
Crush on someone nearby
82
actively showing love but unrequited
Pursuing a love object
83
dissolution of a relationship ; bad break up
longing for a past lover
84
differences in intensity, expectations, quantity and quality
unequal love relationship
85
John Lee's 6 styles of loving
eros/erotic love
storge/friendship love
ludus/uncommittted love
mania/manic love
agape/selfless love
pragma/pragmatic love
86
value physical appearance and believe at love at
first sight. Seek intensely passionate relationships
eros/erotic love
87
Seek genuine friendships that can lead to
long lasting relationships
storge/friendship love
88
players who see love as a game, having
multiple partners at once
Ludus / Uncommitted Love
89
demanding and possessive towards their
beloved
Mania / Manic Love
90
Giving and altruistic
Agape / Selfless Love
91
practical and use reason to find their perfect match
pragma/pragmatic love
92
people will be satisfied in their relationship if what each person
gets is proportional to what each person gives
*
Women are happy when there is equality in the relationship but men are not
affected because they are in position of dominance or power.
equity theory
93
groups of people which mostly are sharing the individual's interest,
hobbies, activities, socio-economic, and demographic characteristics
peers
94
described as the behavior that volitional and there is a conscious weighing of alternative courses of action
risk-taking behavior
95
two types of stress
distress and eustress
96
is necessary to develop
self- confidence, improve competence, and provide reinforcement for taking
initiatives.
eustress
97
experimentation
within a controlled or adaptive context
exploratory behavior
98
behaviors that
have the potential to jeopardize health and prosocial development.
risk-taking behavior
99
Behaviors such as sexual activity and
alcohol use, which are deemed risky, deviant, and problematic at x and normative at y
12, 18
100
the influence coming from an individual’s set of friends. Individuals
may not be pressured but they are gradually affected by the activities and choices of their
friends because they want to be accepted and received the approval of their friends
peer influence
101
refers to the pressure or type of control directly
or indirectly imposed to an individual for him/her to belong. It can take many forms and is
not limited only to kids
peer pressure
102
three types of peer influence:
normative, informational, and facilitative
103
is the most general or common type of peer influence. This is what
causes an individual to engage in certain behaviors like smoking, drinking and the likes.
Normative influence
104
also considered as the strongest among the three. One main
reason behind this is the desire of individuals to receive approval and acceptance and to
belong to their groups.
Normative influence
105
refers to the situation where individuals
change their beliefs, opinions, or perception to agree with the opinions of the majority or
certain groups and are mostly through the change in information that they get through
constant communication and interaction with other people.
Informational influence
106
refers to
the influence created by one’s continuous socialization or interaction with other people
that they learn and acquire the habits and ways of living of these people.
facilitative influence
107
refers to the kind of pressure which directly ask or force
someone to do something. This is a powerful form of peer pressure because it becomes
difficult for the receiving party to resist.
direct or active peer pressure
108
includes the concept of “the Chicken Game”
where peers dare or order one of their friends to do something and label the person
“chicken” if he/she refuse to do the dare
direct or active peer pressure
109
refers to the
kind of pressure which occur through listening and observing the activities of other people
around and feeling the “need” to participate in order to fit in.
indirect or passive peer pressure
110
refers
to the kind of pressure that results to positive or beneficial outcome.
positive peer pressure
111
refers to the kind of pressure that results to negative, destructive or harmful
outcome.
negative peer pressure
112
a series of cross-sectional surveys on the Filipino youth aged 15-24 conducted since 1982 by UP Population Institute
Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality
113
types of risk-taking behaviors.
positive and negative risk-taking
114
provides significant opportunities for development
Ex. participating in sports, developing artistic and creative abilities,
and joining advocacy groups or social movements
positive risk taking
115
caused by curiosity, sexual maturity, a natural inclination toward experimentation, and peer pressure
negative risk taking
116
Factors that attach us to our friends: Most enduring friendships are those formed between people whose
paths crossed repeatedly.
-
The more you are exposed to something (someone), the more you
tend to like it (him/her) -- the more it appears to be attractive or
likeable
proximity
117
Factors that attach us to our friends: We tend to like other people who are similar to us.
similarity
118
Compliance with standards, rules, or laws
Change in behavior or belief as the result of real or imagined group
pressure
conformity
119
behavior intended to cause harm
aggression
