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Module 6 Flashcards

Respiration 2/12 (50 cards)

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1
Q

What is the respiratory tract divided into ?

A

upper and lower areas

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2
Q

The respiratory tract is lined with _____ or small hair cells that work to remove any pollutants
o very protective
o move foreign bodies up and out the trachea

A

Cilia

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3
Q

Trachea is a _____ tube made up of cartilage rings and membranes.

A

flexible

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4
Q

Trachea divides into 2 main _____.

A

bronchi

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5
Q

bronchiole are divide ______ times and finally into alveoli

A

27/28

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6
Q
  • alveoli—small air sacs in lungs where the ___________ takes place.
    o very thin barrier between the O2 you take in and the capillaries that surround the alveoli.
A

oxygen exchange

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7
Q

What is the small artery that leads to a capillary network that carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary arteriole

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8
Q

What connect the capillaries to the pulmonary vein, directing the oxygen-rich blood from the capillaries to the pulmonary vein towards the heart?

A

Pulmonary venules-

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9
Q

What is the oxygen exchange ?

A

Heart
Body
Heart
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary Arterioles
Capillaries ( O2 exchange )
Pulmonary Venules
Pulmonary vein

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10
Q

Lungs are _____ and ______

A

elastic and spongy

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11
Q

What won’t move by themselves but fill up any available space made to them ?

A

passive

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12
Q

What is linings of organs and cavities?

A

Pleura

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13
Q

visceral pleura is around the ______

A

Lungs

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14
Q

parietal pleura—around the ____________ of the thoracic cavity.

A

thoracic wall

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15
Q

What is * complicated system of cartilages and bones that surround the lungs for protection, but also help move it?

A

Thorax

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16
Q

What is collarbone ?

A

Clavicle

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17
Q

( Blank) has ribs _____1-7_______ all directly attach to sternum. (true ribs)

A

Sternum

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18
Q

What is barreled shapedcapable of some movement
they can move up and out

A

Ribs

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19
Q

vertebral column is the ______ ______
-Quite flexible

A

back bone

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20
Q

What is the MOST important muscle in inspiration ?(breathing in
o big bowl-shaped muscle attached to the bottom of the rib cage.
o contracts DOWN, pushing down on abdominal cavity.
o At rest -> bowl
o does the most work and is the “right” way to breathe.

A

Diaphragm

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21
Q

READ OVER

Study These Flashcards
A
  • External Intercostal Muscles- between ribs around to vertebral column
  • Internal Intercostal Muscles- between ribs especially on sternum—these overlap in a ___Criss cross_________ pattern.
  • Accessory muscles that help to breathe:
    o Part of the Neck muscles:
     sternocleidomastoid muscle
     scalenes–underneath
22
Q

pectoralis major and minor probably help _____ ribs -inspiration

23
Q

Posterior Thoracic Muscles
muscles of the back and shoulders –mixed function
______ and possibly raising for respiration.

24
Q

Abdominal Muscles is mostly for ________
—these muscles squeeze back on the abdominal viscera
* Includes: external oblique, internal oblique, transverse, and rectus abdominus
-These all make a four way Criss cross pattern

25
inhalation is a. active b. passive
Active
26
Exhalation is __ when at rest and more muscles when you’re speaking. a. passive b. active
Passive
27
Respiration is like a
syringe
28
What is the force exerted on walls of a chamber by molecules of air?
Air pressure
29
If you close this chamber and change volume, you will change pressure.
* Pressure = Force/Area * Less area ---> increases pressure.
30
Boyles law has a _____ relationship between air pressure and volume size
inverse * Increase volume>pressure decreases. * Decrease volume >pressure increases.
31
air pressure outside =
air pressure inside lungs
32
For speech, the inspiratory phase is _____% and the expiratory phase is _____%. a. 10% , 90% b. 40 , 60
a. 10% , 90%
33
For breathing, inspiration is about ___% and expiration is around ____%. a. 10% , 90% b. 40 , 60
b. 40 , 60
34
______ Inspiration - only the diaphragm.
Quiet
35
_______ Inspiration add more muscles.
Forced
36
Inspiration is NEVER ____ (always use muscle) a. active b. passive
passive
37
Expiration can be: passive when there is NO use of ____.
muscles.
38
Expiration can be: active when there are muscles are _____.
Added
39
What measurement of air volumes and capacities?
Spirometry
40
____ (in liters, ml, or cc) is one primary subdivision of the total amount of air that can be contained in the lungs.
Volume
41
____(in l, ml, or cc) is the sum of 2 or more volumes.
Capacity
42
What is the volume of air exchanged during a specified task?
Tidal Volume (TV)
43
What is the volume of air exchanged when at rest? -about 700 ml for an adult male; 300 ml for female. An average of 500 is often given.
Resting Tidal Volume
44
What is thethe volume of air that can be inspired with a maximal effort above the end-inspiration phase of resting tidal breathing?
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV
45
What is the volume of air that can be forced out of the respiratory system with a maximal effort below the end-expiration phase of resting tidal breathing?
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
46
What is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a maximal expiration?
Residual Volume (RV)
47
_______ the volume of air that can be maximally inhaled following a maximal exhalation. (Or vice versa) o 4.5 liters—males 3.75 liters—females o VC = IRV + TV + ERV o Vital Capacity is often used as an index of a person’s pulmonary capacity.
Vital Capacity (VC)
48
What is the the volume of air that can be inspired at the end-expiratory point of rest tidal breathing? o IC = IRV + TV
Inspiratory Capacity (IC)
49
What is the the volume of air contained in the lungs after the expiration phase of normal rest breathing? o FRC = ERV + RV
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC
50
What it the total volume of air that can be contained in the lungs. o TC = IRV + ERV + RV +TV = IC + FRC
Total Capacity (TC)

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