Molecules

Question 1

Cyclic

Answer 1

• A hydrocarbon that has a ring of carbons and cyclo as a prefix
• The ring is the main chain if it has the most carbons, more than the side group
• If there is only one branch or double/triple bond, it does not need to be numbered
• Number the ring so the functional group or bond is number 1
• If multiple branched, number to give the lowest combination

Question 2

Amines

Answer 2

• Contains an amino acid functional group (-NH2)
• Number from the end closest to the functional group
• Suffix: amine

Question 3

Nitrile

Answer 3

• Contains a nitrile functional group (c triple bond N)
• Nitrile carbon will be carbon 1, don’t need to specify name
• Suffix: nitrile

Question 4

Amide

Answer 4

• contains an amine functional group, and a double bond oxygen
• Suffix: amide
• Main chain will always have carboxyl group and will be carbon 1

Question 5

Esters

Answer 5

• contains ester functional group (double bond oxygen and single bond oxygen in the middle of carbons)
• form from the reaction between carboxylic acid and alcohol
• first word from the alcohol (ends in ‘yl’)
• second word from acid (ends in ‘oate’)

Question 6

Polyfunctional compounds

Answer 6

• more than one functional group
• If the group is the same, use multiplier prefix
• If they are different, need to look at priorities
• The functional group with the highest priority is assigned the lowest number, and a suffix is used
• The lowest functional group is indicated by the prefix