soluability

Question 1

soluability

Answer 1

• Physical property referring to the ability of a given substance (solute) to dissolve in a solvent
• solute will dissolve in a solvent if the solute - solvent IMF are equal to or greater then solute - solute and solvent - solvent

Question 2

like dissolve like

Answer 2

• polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents (H2O)
  e.g. amides, carboxylic acids, alcohol, keystone, ester, aldehyde
• non polar solutes dissolve in non polar solvents (hexane)
  e.g. hydrocarbon, haloalkane, >4 carbons long gets less polar

Question 3

polarity

Answer 3

Polarity of each molecule due to functional groups which will change its solubility
- more polar groups in a solute make it more soluble in a polar solvent but less in non polar

Question 4

carbon chain length

Answer 4

As it increases, the non-polar region of the molecule increases and solubility in a polar solvent decreases
- polar molecule with 4 or less carbon is soluble in polar solvent
- after 4 the solubility decreases

Question 5

BP

Answer 5

temp liquid changes into a gas. Volatility is a qualitative measure of how easily a substance turns into gas.

Question 6

BP and MP

Answer 6

require suffiicient energy to seperate molecules by overcoming IMF holding them together

The stronger the IMF the higher the MP and BP

Question 7

Molecular mass

Answer 7

increasing number of carbons increases MP and BP
- within a homologous series, adding carbons to the chain increases mass therefore dispersion

Question 8

Surface area

Answer 8

increasing surfaces area increases the MP and BP
- increase in branching leads to less surface are and an increase in distance between molecules therefore decreased dispersion

Question 9

Functional group present

Answer 9

stronger IMF increases the MP and BP