Molluscs

Question 1

Belongs to what type of protostomes

Answer 1

lophotrochozoan protostomes

Question 2

What does the simplest body plan consist of? (3 things)

Answer 2

1. Foot OR head-foot portion
2. Visceral mass portion
   (3. Shell)

Question 3

contains feeding, cephalic sensory, and locomotor organs

Answer 3

Head-foot region

Question 4

contains digestive, circulatory, respiratory, and reproductive organs

Answer 4

Visceral mass

Question 5

Mantle Cavity does what

Answer 5

Two folds of skin form protective mantle or pallium
Space between mantle and body wall is the mantle cavity
Mantle cavity houses the gills (ctenidia) or a lung

Question 6

Posterior to mouth is the chief what?

Answer 6

locomotor organ, the foot

Question 7

Buccal Mass consists of what two things? And which one is unique to molluscs

Answer 7

Radula and Odontophore

Question 8

Protruding, rasping, tongue-like organ
firm ribbon of teeth arranged in rows
Serves as a conveyor belt to move particles to digestive tract

Answer 8

Radula

Question 9

cartilage-like supportive structure

Answer 9

Odontophore

Question 10

What does the foot function as

Answer 10

Functions in attachment to substratum or for locomotion or for a combination of both.

Question 11

What is a mantle and what does it secrete

Answer 11

a sheath tissue on each side of the body

Secretes the shell when present

Question 12

Houses the gills or lungs that develop from the mantle

Exposed surface of the mantle also functions in gaseous

Answer 12

Mantle cavity

Question 13

In aquatic molluscs what flows in and what flows out

Answer 13

Continuous flow of water brings in oxygen and food, and flushes out wastes

Question 14

The products which have been excreted go to?

Answer 14

the empty mate cavity

Question 15

What is the respiratory organ in a mollusc called?

Answer 15

ctenidia

Question 16

What are the two functions of the Ciliary?

Answer 16

provide continuous water current in/out of cavity and modify for filter feeding bivalves

Question 17

The shell is secreted by what?

Answer 17

the mantle

Question 18

What are the three layers of the shell?

Answer 18

Periostracum, Middle prismatic layer and Inner nacreous layer

Question 19

Which shell layer is Composed of conchiolin, a tanned protein (=formation of crosslinking between proteins).

Answer 19

Periostracum

Question 20

What consists of the open system?

Answer 20

pumping heart, blood vessels, and blood sinuses

Question 21

most cephalopods have a heart, vessels, and capillaries

is what type of system

Answer 21

closed

Question 22

Excretory system-

Most molluscs have a pair of what

Answer 22

kidneys or metanephridia

Question 23

What are the four systems in a mollusk

Answer 23

Circulatory system, Excretory system, Nervous system

and sense organs

Question 24

Gametes are exchanged how?

Answer 24

both internal fertilization and external fertilization

Question 25

most mollusks are dioecious but some can be?

Answer 25

hermaphroditic

Question 26

Reproduction- trochophore larva do what?

Answer 26

may feed, catching small plankton in prototroch,

Question 27

Which one has a short life and which one has a long one: planktotrophic or lecithotrophic

Answer 27

Planl- long | lec- short

Question 28

Veliger larva develops from what?

Answer 28

In bivalves, most often develop into a second, free-swimming, larval stage

Question 29

Veliger larva modification in some freshwater bivalves: fertilization is what?

Answer 29

usually internal

Question 30

Glochidium larva

Answer 30

microscopic non-swimming shelled larva - initially “ectoparasitic” (10 – 30 days) on fish - attaches to fish gills, encyst and feed by phagocytosis

Question 31

Class Polyplacophora: Chitons key features

Answer 31

Somewhat flattened with 7- 8 dorsal plates, Most prefer rocky intertidal surfaces

Question 32

Which class consists of Mussels, clams, scallops, oysters, and shipworms

Answer 32

Class Bivalvia

Question 33

Bivalves lack what

Answer 33

lack a head, radula, or other aspects of cephalization | Most are marine

Question 34

What is the most diverse class? with over 70,000 living species

Answer 34

Class Gastropoda

Question 35

Class Gastropoda has what?

Answer 35

Snails, limpets, slugs, whelks, conches, periwinkles, sea slugs, sea hares, and sea butterflies

Question 36

Gastropod Shells are?

Answer 36

Conch shells, One-piece univalve, coiled or uncoiled

Question 37

Left handed and Right handed Gastropod Shells are called what?

Answer 37

Left handed- sinistral | Right handed-dextral

Question 38

Adults lack a shell but can still store

Answer 38

toxins from their prey

Question 39

Squids, octopuses, nautiluses, devilfish, and cuttlefish | All marine predators belongs to what class?

Answer 39

Class Cephalopoda

Question 40

What is the largest invertebrate?

Answer 40

The giant squid

Question 41

Which class has sexes which are separate ?

Answer 41

Class Cephalopoda

Question 42

What has the largest nerve fibers in the animal kingdom? and Can learn by reward and punishment, and by observation of others

Answer 42

Squids

Question 43

Which brain is the largest of any invertebrate?

Answer 43

Cephalopod brain

Question 44

The sense organs are well developed but often times colour blind: which class

Answer 44

Cephalopoda

Question 45

Cephalopods communicate using what?

Answer 45

chemical and visual signals to communicate

Question 46

cells in the skin that contain pigment granules can also expand and cause it to change colour pattern

Answer 46

Chromatophores

Question 47

Ink sac empties into rectum and secretes what when alarmed?

Answer 47

sepia