More Career Stuff Flashcards
(74 cards)
Who developed the Trait and Factor Theory and is considered the father of career counseling?
Frank Parsons.
What is the core concept of Frank Parsons’ Trait and Factor Theory?
Matching individual traits such as aptitudes, interests, and personal abilities with job requirements to find the best career fit.
What are the three main steps in Frank Parsons’ Trait and Factor Theory for career decision-making?
- Self-understanding, 2. Knowledge of jobs, 3. True reasoning.
Why is self-understanding crucial in Frank Parsons’ Trait and Factor Theory?
It helps individuals identify their strengths, weaknesses, interests, and values, crucial for making informed career choices.
How does knowledge of jobs function in Frank Parsons’ Trait and Factor Theory?
Provides essential information about job duties, requirements, and prospects, crucial for making a suitable career match.
What does ‘True Reasoning’ entail in Frank Parsons’ Trait and Factor Theory?
It involves logically matching personal traits with job requirements to find the best career fit.
What is the role of career counselors according to Frank Parsons’ Trait and Factor Theory?
To assist individuals in understanding their traits, providing job information, and guiding them in the true reasoning process.
Who developed a theory categorizing occupations into fields and levels based on psychological needs and personality?
Anne Roe.
What are the main occupational fields according to Anne Roe’s classification?
Service, Business Contact, Organizations, Technology, Outdoor, Science, General Cultural, and Arts & Entertainment.
What are the main levels of occupations according to Anne Roe’s classification?
Professional and Managerial, Semi-professional and Small Business, Skilled, Semi-skilled, and Unskilled.
What characterizes the Professional and Managerial level in Anne Roe’s classification?
Occupations requiring advanced knowledge and skills, often involving leadership and a high degree of responsibility, such as doctors, lawyers, and corporate executives.
What is the difference between Skilled and Unskilled levels in Anne Roe’s classification?
Skilled occupations require specific training and skills, such as electricians and chefs, while Unskilled occupations require minimal prior training or skills, such as janitorial work or laboring.
How did Anne Roe relate career choices to psychological needs and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Anne Roe viewed career choice as a means to satisfy intrinsic psychological needs, shaped by early emotional experiences. She aligned this concept with Maslow’s hierarchy, suggesting that individuals are motivated to meet their highest unmet needs through their career choices. For instance, individuals with unmet needs for order or security might gravitate towards structured or rule-bound professions.
Who developed a theory that views career decision-making as a process of differentiating and integrating self-concept with career roles?
David Tiedeman and Robert O’Hara.
What is the core concept of Tiedeman and O’Hara’s career decision-making theory?
The core concept is that career decision-making is a continual process of differentiation and integration of the self-concept with one’s career roles. This process is influenced by the individual’s development through stages of anticipation and implementation.
What occurs in the anticipation stage of Tiedeman and O’Hara’s career decision-making theory?
In the anticipation stage, individuals forecast their future in various roles and experiment mentally with different possibilities, leading up to a preliminary choice of a career path.
What occurs in the implementation stage of Tiedeman and O’Hara’s career decision-making theory?
In the implementation stage, individuals engage in actual entry into a career, which includes adjusting and reaffirming their career choice, thus integrating their self-concept with their career role.
How does self-concept play a role in Tiedeman and O’Hara’s career theory?
Self-concept is central to Tiedeman and O’Hara’s theory; it evolves through decisions and experiences, influencing and being influenced by the career decision-making process as one differentiates and integrates career roles.
What psychological processes are highlighted in Tiedeman and O’Hara’s theory?
Differentiation and integration are key psychological processes in their theory, where differentiation involves seeing oneself as distinct from others in various career roles, and integration involves aligning one’s self-concept with chosen career paths.
Who developed the Life-Span, Life-Space Theory of career development?
Donald Super.
What is the core concept of Donald Super’s Life-Span, Life-Space Theory?
The core concept is that career development is a lifelong process that occurs through a series of stages, and that it involves the development of a self-concept as it interacts with various life roles and life stages.
What are the five major stages of career development in Super’s theory?
- Growth (birth-14 years), 2. Exploration (15-24 years), 3. Establishment (25-44 years), 4. Maintenance (45-64 years), 5. Disengagement (65+ years).
How does self-concept influence career development in Super’s theory?
Self-concept plays a central role in Super’s theory; it evolves over time as individuals progress through life stages and gain experiences, guiding their career choices and changes.
What are some key life roles according to Donald Super’s theory?
Key life roles include student, leisurite, citizen, worker, spouse, homemaker, parent, and child. These roles change in importance and influence throughout different stages of life.
