More Gorbachev Flashcards
What was Gorbachev’s aim with perestroika?
To reconstruct the economy to accelerate growth while maintaining state socialism.
What did Gorbachev aim to introduce to the Soviet economy?
Less state control and the introduction of new science and technology.
What was the regulated market economy introduced in 1987?
A middle ground between a free market and a command economy.
What did the Law on State Enterprise allow?
Decentralisation of economic planning and greater autonomy for factories.
What was the impact of the Law on State Enterprise by 1991?
The number of independent cooperatives increased from 14,000 in 1988 to 246,000 in 1991.
What was a consequence of Gorbachev’s economic policies?
No economic growth, with agriculture falling by 10% in the late 1980s.
What was the overall outcome of Gorbachev’s economic policies?
They were unsuccessful, leading to a decline in the standard of living and decreased industrial and agricultural output.
What was the aim of glasnost?
To increase political openness within the Communist party.
What significant change occurred in how party officials were elected?
Posts were voted on rather than appointed for the first time.
What was formed in December 1988?
The Congress of the Deputies, composed of 2250 representatives.
What was the voter turnout in the first election of the Congress?
An overwhelming 90% voter turnout.
Who was among the 400 reformers voted into the congress?
Former dissident Andrei Sakharov.
What did Gorbachev’s policy of opening up the government achieve?
It was successful in achieving his goal but led to the collapse of the Soviet Union.
What was Gorbachev’s stance on religion during glasnost?
He lifted the ban on religion.
What was Gorbachev’s aim in foreign policy?
To improve relations with the West.
What significant treaty was signed at the Washington Summit in December 1987?
The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force Treaty.
What was the Sinatra Doctrine?
A policy that allowed Eastern European countries to choose their own path to socialism.
What was Gorbachev’s approach to the war in Afghanistan?
He aimed to remove troops as it was a losing war.
What was the unintended consequence of Gorbachev’s foreign policy?
It inadvertently led to the collapse of the USSR.
