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Part 2 Boards > Motion, Extremities, Cross, etc > Flashcards

Motion, Extremities, Cross, etc Flashcards

1
Q

describe carpal bone adjusting posterior or anterior

A

posterior displacement - distract and extend wrist

anterior displacement - distract and flex wrist

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2
Q

what is glide and what does it mean if its decreased

A

decreased PA glide - posterior subluxation

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3
Q

what is line of drive for decreased AP glide of the hip

A

AP and posterior inward

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4
Q

who came up with the hypo mobility theory

A

gillet

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5
Q

what is hard end feel in all directions

A

articular

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6
Q

what is hard end feel in ONE direction

A

ligamentous

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7
Q

what is spongy or springy end feel

A

muscular

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8
Q

decreased extension at T6 indicates what on motion palpation

A

ligamentous

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9
Q

shoulder has diminished anterior glide. what is the LOD

A

anterior ward

P to A

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10
Q

explain motion

physiological ROM
elastic barrier
paraphysiological ROM
anatomical integrity

what’s most commonly asked

A

physiological ROM - active, muscle, tendon, exercise

MC - elastic barrier - (end of physiological ROM, start of paraphysiological ROM, end of passive range of motion, entrance to joint space, passive, ligament, mobilizations)

paraphysiological ROM - manipulation

anatomical integrity - joint dysfunction

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11
Q

coupled motion of cervicals, thoracic, and lumbars

A

rotation involved with couple motion is a BODY rule!!

cervicals - LF R, SP L, Body R, ipsilateral rotation*

thoracic - T1-6 (cervicals) and T7-12 (lumbars)

lumbars - LF R, SP R, Body L, contralateral rotation*

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12
Q

lumbars have body rotation towards convexity in coupled motion

T or F

A

T

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13
Q

cervicals and T8 rotate similar in lateral bending in coupled motion

T or F

A

F

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14
Q

cervicals and lumbars rotate opposite during lateral bending in coupled motion

T or F

A

T

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15
Q

right lateral flexion has ipsilateral cervical rotation

T or F

A

T

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16
Q

T4 rotates contra laterally during lateral flexion

T or F

A

F

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17
Q

cervicals and lumbars both have ipsilateral rotation during lateral bending

T or F

A

F

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18
Q

what is the most damaging action of unilateral facets

A

rotation

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19
Q

what is the most aggravating for bilateral facets

A

extension

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20
Q

what is the most relieving for bilateral facets

A

flexion

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21
Q

ADI instability occurs when the cervical spine is in what position

A

flexion

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22
Q

most compression on the cervical cord occurs in what position

A

flexion

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23
Q

corrugated appearance of the cervical cord occurs in what position

A

extension

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24
Q

what puts the most tension on a unilateral nerve root

A

lateral flexion away from side of nerve root

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25
Q

what puts the most compression on a unilateral nerve root

A

lateral flexion toward side of nerve root

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26
Q

what increases the size of the unilateral IVF

A

lateral flexion away

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27
Q

what increases the side of bilateral IVF

A

flexion

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28
Q

explain lower cross syndrome

causes of hyperlordosis and anterior pelvic tilt

what causes this

A

hyperlordosis caused by

  • weak abs
  • tight paraspinals and psoas

anterior pelvic tilt caused by

  • weak hamstrings and glutei
  • tight quads

high heels and boots

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29
Q

explain lower cross syndrome

causes of by-lordosis and posterior pelvic tilt

what causes this

A

hypolordosis caused by

  • tight abs
  • weak paraspinals and psoas

posterior pelvic tilt caused by

  • tight hamstrings and glutei
  • weak quads

sandals

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30
Q

what are psoas muscles actions or motions

A

increase lumbar lordosis
flex hip and trunk
synergist to abs during trunk flexion
synergist to paraspinals with lordosis

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31
Q

lateral recess stenosis occurs how

A

shit in the lateral part of the spinal canal or medial part of the IVF

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32
Q

trefoil canal occurs how

A

short pedicle

coronal facets

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33
Q

increased sacral base angle is caused by what

A

hyperlordosis

anterior pelvic tilt

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34
Q

primary muscles that contribute to anterior pelvic tilt

A

weak glutei max or hamstrings

or tight quads if that’s an answer

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35
Q

pendulous abdomen is due to what

A

anterior pelvic tilt

weak abdominals

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36
Q

explain upper cross syndrome

what motion is created

weak and tight muscles

A

protraction - fix it with retraction

tight - SCM, masters, sub occipitals, trapezius, levator, pectoralis

weak - supra hyoid, deep neck flexors, subscapularis, lower trap, serratus anterior, diaphragm

37
Q

what is the meric chart

explain some segments 
C1
2-3 
T1-4
T5-9 
T6-10 
T10-12
L1-2
sacrum
A

segments associated with organs and conditions

C1 - everything - vagus 
C2-3 - tonsils or sore throat 
T1-4 - heart and lung
T5-9 - stomach or abdomen 
T6-10 - gall bladder, pancreas, liver 
T10-T12 - kidney 
L1-2 - colon and ovaries 
sacrum - colon, uterus, dysmenorrhea
38
Q

where is the atlas tp found

A

anterior and inferior to mastoid

39
Q

where is the styloid found

A

anterior to atlas TP

40
Q

where is the axis found

A

first palpable bifid sp

41
Q

where is the hyoid bone found

A

C3

42
Q

where is the thyroid found

A

C4-5

43
Q

where is the carotid tubercle or cricoid cartilage found

A

C6

44
Q

what is the last moveable segment on extension of the cervical spine

A

C6

45
Q

what is the vertebral prominent in the cervical and thoracic spine

A

C7 - 70%

T1 - 30%

46
Q

where is the jugular notch found

A

T2

47
Q

where is the spine of scapula found

A

T3

48
Q

where is the sternal angle found

A

T4-5

49
Q

where is the inferior angle of the scapula when prone found

A

T6

50
Q

where is the inferior angle of the scapula when seated or standing found

A

T7

51
Q

where is the xiphoid found

A

T10

52
Q

where is the umbilicus found

A

L3 disc

53
Q

where is the iliac crest found

A

L4

54
Q

where is the PSIS found

A

S2

55
Q

where is the PIIS found

A

S4

56
Q

what are the spots of the body that correlate with the lateral plum line

A

EAM
greater tuberosity shoulder
greater trochanter
anterior to malleolus

57
Q

what is the 3 points that are used to check for tibial torsion

A

mid thigh
mid patella
web of the foot (1st/2nd)

58
Q

how do you determine internal and external tibial torsion

A

congenital - foot rotates with tibia

internal - mid thigh not aligned with mid patella and foot

external - foot not aligned with mid patella and mid thigh

59
Q

who developed the basic distortion theory talking about the pelvis and how that causes a short leg

who said cervicals cause the short leg

A

Carver

BJ

60
Q

right PI ilium quiz (high low left right)

right PSIS 
right femur head 
short leg prone 
right leg ASIS 
high iliac crest 
body rotation
A

right PI ilium quiz (high low left right)

right PSIS - low 
right femur head - low 
short leg prone - right 
right leg ASIS - high  
high iliac crest - left 
body rotation - right
61
Q

heel lift quiz (yes or no)

sacral inferiority opposite PI 
scoliosis on high side ilium on xray 
ischial tube low on PI side 
ASIS elevated opposite AI sacrum 
concavity is opposite of short leg 
ipsilateral SP rotation toward PI
A 
sacral inferiority opposite PI - no 
scoliosis on high side ilium on xray - no 
ischial tube low on PI side - yes 
ASIS elevated opposite AS sacrum - no 
concavity is opposite of short leg - yes
ipsilateral SP rotation toward PI - no
62
Q

what are absolute and relative contraindications to adjusting

CVA 
brain infarct 
thrombus 
aneurysm 
advanced DM 
VBI
atherosclerosis 
DM 
anticoagulants 
disc prolapse 
fusion 
synovitis 
spondy 4 
spondyloptosis 
joint instability 
advanced OA 
inflammatory arthritis 
spondy 3 
hypermobility 
severe strain sprain 3 
acute fracture 
acute dislocation 
strain sprain 2 
infections 
pagets 
mets 
osteoporosis 
CVA or TIA 
wandering fragment 
nerve root avulsion 
vertigo 
severe pain and intolerance 
Space occupying lesion 
malingering pain 
hypochondriac 
hysteria
A 
CVA A
brain infarct A 
thrombus A 
aneurysm A
advanced DM A
VBI R
atherosclerosis R
DM R
anticoagulants R
disc prolapse A
fusion A
synovitis A
spondy 4 A
spondyloptosis A
joint instability A
advanced OA R
inflammatory arthritis R
spondy 3 R
hypermobility R
severe strain sprain 3 A
acute fracture A
acute dislocation A
strain sprain 2 R
infections A
pagets R
mets R
osteoporosis R
CVA or TIA A
wandering fragment A
nerve root avulsion A
vertigo R
severe pain and intolerance R
Space occupying lesion R
malingering pain A
hypochondriac R
hysteria R
63
Q

what is the post adjustment dizziness protocol

A

don’t administer another adjusment

don’t allow patient to ambulate

note vital signs

check pupils

64
Q

what is the preferred adjustment

A

specific
short lever
controlled thrust - HVLA

65
Q

what is a cavitation

A

rapid collapse of nitrogen
20 minute refraction period
synovial gas release
not necessary for proper adjustment

66
Q

what is the treatment of myofascial trigger points

A

ICE**cryotherapy, deep pressure, ultrasound

  • taut and tender bands of muscle fibers
  • displaced reference zone of pain
  • allodynia- decreased pain threshold
67
Q

are there increased risk of adjusting when you have the following

smoker 
osteophytosis 
diabetes mellitus 
young 
cerebral palsy 
vertigo 
meds 
herbs
A 
smoker - y
osteophytosis - y 
diabetes mellitus - y 
young - n 
cerebral palsy - n 
vertigo - y 
meds - y 
herbs - y
68
Q

what is treatment for acute therapy pneumonic

A

PRICES

protect 
rest 
ice 
compress 
elevate 
support
69
Q

what are breathing exercises

A

breuggers

70
Q

what causes arterial compromise in lower extremities

A

buergers dz

71
Q

what is Williams exercise

who is it used for

A

flexion

used for hyperlordosis, facet syndrome, spondylolisthesis, acute disc

72
Q

what are mckenzie exercises

who is it used for

A

extension

used for hypolordosis, centralizes pain of sciatic, and chronic disc lesion

73
Q

what are modified mckenzie exercises

who is it used for

A

extension

used for hypolordosis, acute disc, stenosis

74
Q

what are jacobsens exercise

A

relaxation exercises

75
Q

what are codmans exercises

A

pendular motion with the shoulder

76
Q

what are wall walking exercises

A

shoulder
masectomy
cast

77
Q

what are kegel exercises used for

A

incontinence

78
Q

unsaturated fats contain what

A

double bonds

79
Q

DISH aka

A

forestiers

80
Q

cor pulmonale aka

A

heart failure

81
Q

nephrosis aka

A

azotemia and uremia

82
Q

eclampsia aka

A

toxemia of pregnancy

83
Q

emphysema aka

A

COPD

84
Q

MVP aka

A

murmur

85
Q

leukocytosis aka

A

leukemia

86
Q

neurogenic claudication aka

A

intermittent claudication

87
Q

neurofibromatosis aka

A

von Recklinghausen disease

88
Q

limb girdle aka

A

muscular dystrophy

89
Q

obstipation aka

A

constipation

Part 2 Boards (34 decks)

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