Motion & Forces

Question 1

Motion

Answer 1

When the distance between and object and a reference point changes

Question 2

Reference point

Answer 2

The stationary object used to see whether another object is moving in relation to it

Question 3

Displacement

Answer 3

The different between an object’s initial and final position

Question 4

Speed

Answer 4

The distance an object travels in one unit of time

Question 5

Speed formula

Answer 5

Speed = distance/time
(units = m/s or km/hr)

Question 6

Constant speed

Answer 6

Stays the same the entire time
(Ex. horse, car in cruise control, boat)

Question 7

Instantaneous speed

Answer 7

At a specific moment in time
(Ex. radar gun, speedometer in car)

Question 8

Average speed

Answer 8

Overall speed on a trip (total distance/total time)

Question 9

Velocity

Answer 9

Speed in a given direction; has the same formula as speed
(Ex. weather forecast, airplane pilot)

Question 10

Resultant velocity

Answer 10

When you combine multiple velocity is to get a total velocity
(Ex. plane velocity (100 km/hr) PLUS opposing wind velocity (25 km/hr) = 75 km/hr)

Question 11

Acceleration

Answer 11

Rate at which velocity changes
- increase/decrease speed
- change direction (Ferris wheel, orbit)

Question 12

Acceleration Formula

Answer 12

(Final velocity - initial velocity)/time
Units = m/s sq. or km/s sq.

Question 13

Distance traveled

Answer 13

The total length of a path.

Question 14

Slope

Answer 14

The steepness of the line on a graph 

Question 15

Basic SI unit of length

Answer 15

Meter

Question 16

Horizontal line

Answer 16

Object has a constant speed

Question 17

Distance - time graph

Answer 17

Time is plotted on the x-axis and speed or velocity is plotted on the Y axis. The deeper the graph, the faster the motion. A downward sloping line means the object is returning to the start.

Question 18

Weight

Answer 18

The measure of gravitational force on an object that changes with each planet.
Unit = Newtons (N)

Question 19

Force

Answer 19

A change in motion or acceleration of an object (a push or pull)

Question 20

Force formula

Answer 20

Force = mass x acceleration

Question 21

Contact force

Answer 21

Must touch

Question 22

Noncontact force

Answer 22

Does not touch, for example, gravity and magnetism.

Question 23

Unbalanced force 

Answer 23

Object will change its state of motion 

Question 24

Balanced force

Answer 24

Object will not change its state of motion

Question 25

Centripetal force

Answer 25

A force on something with a circular path, and directs the object toward the center around where it is moving. For example, the moon in orbit, or a roller coaster loop.

Question 26

Gravity

Answer 26

The force of attraction between objects due to mass

Question 27

Law of universal gravitation

Answer 27

Depends on mass and distance if force increases, mass increases, and if force increases distance decreases.

Question 28

Friction

Answer 28

A force that resists motion between two surfaces, and can be helpful or harmful.

Question 29

Kinetic friction

Answer 29

Moving

Question 30

Static friction

Answer 30

Not moving

Question 31

Sliding friction

Answer 31

Solid surfaces slide over each other

Question 32

Rolling friction

Answer 32

An object rolls over a surface with a circular motion

Question 33

Fluid friction

Answer 33

An object moves through a fluid (gas or liquid)

Question 34

Reducing friction

Answer 34

Lubricants, adding wheels, or making surfaces smoother

Question 35

Increasing friction

Answer 35

Make surfaces rougher, or increase force between the services by adding weight/pressure

Question 36

Newtons law of inertia

Answer 36

Objects in motion, book heat, moving at the same speed, and in the same direction, unless force changes their motion. Objects at rest will stay at rest unless a force makes them move.

Question 37

Newtons law of acceleration

Answer 37

An unbalanced force causes a change in speed which causes acceleration

Question 38

Newtons law of action and reaction

Answer 38

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction when two things collide, they press against each other with equal force in opposite directions when two objects with unequal Mascalaito, the objects will accelerate at different rates

Question 39

Freefall

Answer 39

The state that exists, when only the force of gravity is acting on an object

Question 40

Terminal velocity

Answer 40

A following object reaches this, when forces of gravity and air assistance are balanced

Question 41

Air resistance

Answer 41

The kind of friction that slows a falling object