Movements - Week 1

Question 1

Flexion

Plane and axis

Answer 1

Shortening of the muscle

Sagittal plane, coronal axis

Question 2

Extension

Answer 2

Extending a limb (lengthening a muscle)

Question 3

Abduction

Plane and axis

Answer 3

Abducting from the body (away from the midline)

Coronal plane, sagittal axis

Question 4

Adduction

Answer 4

Adding to the body (towards the midline)

Question 5

Elevation

Answer 5

Raising a body part superiorly (shrug)

Question 6

Depression

Answer 6

Lowering a body part inferiorly (dropping an arm)

Question 7

Protraction

Answer 7

Anterior movement of the arm at the shoulder (rounding of shoulders)

Question 8

Retraction

Plane and axis

Answer 8

Posterior movement of the arm at the shoulder

Sagittal plane, coronal axis

Question 9

Pronation

Answer 9

Rotating the forearm so the palm faces down

Question 10

Supination

Answer 10

Rotating the forearm so the palm faces up

Question 11

Inversion

Answer 11

Rotating the ankle so that the sole of the foot points towards the other

Question 12

Eversion

Answer 12

Rotating the ankle so that the sole of the foot points way from the other

Question 13

Plantar flexion

Answer 13

Increasing the angle of the ankle joint (tippy toes)

Question 14

Dorsiflexion

Answer 14

Decreasing the angle of the ankle joint (toes to ceiling)

Question 15

Lateral flexion

Answer 15

Bending the spine to the side, away from the centre line (medial line) of the body.

Question 16

Rotation (medial/lateral or internal/external)

What axis and plane does this movement occur?

Answer 16

Internal rotation - rotating the feet inwards

External rotation - rotating the feet outwards

Axis - longitudinal
Plane - Transverse

Question 17

Opposite of dorsiflexion

Answer 17

Plantar flexion

Question 18

Opposite of retraction

Answer 18

Protraction

Question 19

Opposite of adduction

Answer 19

Abduction

Question 20

What muscles are involved with hip flexion?

Answer 20

Hip flexors - quads, psoas, sartorius

Question 21

What movement is occurring in the foetal position

Answer 21

Flexion

Question 22

Circumduction

Answer 22

Is a circular movement that involves sequential flexion, abduction, extension and adduction. Can occur at any joint where all of these movements are possible i.e. hip, shoulder