MSK

Question 1

• straight leg raise- disc prolapse sign

- risk

Answer 1

• paishon the opposite leg when raising the other leg.

- high risk of cauda equina

Question 2

ottawa rules for ankle injury( 1 main rule +- 1 by rule)

Answer 2

ankle x-ray if:
pain in the malleolar region and:
- bony tenderness at the posterior tip of the medial and lateral malleolus
-unable to weight bear at the time of injury and when seen

Question 3

hydroxychloroquine- eye side effect

Answer 3

irreversible retinopathy

Question 4

leflunomide(immunomodulatory drug) side effects(3)

Answer 4

• diarrhoea
• hepatitis
• hypertension

Question 5

sulfasalazine male side effect

Answer 5

-reversible male infertility

Question 6

feltys triad

Answer 6

RA, Splenomegaly, Neutropenia

Question 7

ehlers-danlos syndrome

• inheritance
• statures

Answer 7

autosommal dominant

can be tall and short

Question 8

sjogrens antibodies

Answer 8

anti-ro

anti-la

Question 9

anti-phospholipid antibodies

Answer 9

anti-cardiolipin

Question 10

limited systemic sclerosis antibodies
CREST
calcinosis
raynauds
esophageal dysmotility
sclerodactyly
Telangiectasia

Answer 10

anti-centromere

Question 11

diffuse systemic sclerosis antibodies

Answer 11

anti-scl70/anti-RNA polymerase

Question 12

definitive diagnosis of ank spond

Answer 12

radiological criterion- sacroilitis

Question 13

clinical criteria for ank spond(3)

Answer 13

back pain for 3 months- improved by exercise
limitation of lumbar spine motion -sagittal and frontal planes
limitation of chest expansion relative to normal values for age

Question 14

raised ALP, normal calcium and phosphates

Answer 14

pagets disease

Question 15

raised ALP, low calcium and phosphate

Answer 15

osteomalacia(vit D deficiency)

Question 16

normal calcium, ALP and phosphate

Answer 16

osteoporosis

Question 17

simmonds test positive- for what

Answer 17

ankle rupture

Question 18

p-anca positive vasculitis- 3

Answer 18

1) wegeners granulomatosis
2) microscopic polyangitis
3) churg-strauss

Question 19

microscopic vs wegeners(granulomatosis polangitis)

Answer 19

wegeners- older population

microscopic polyangitis- younger population, also has eosinophilia

Question 20

p-anca negative-1

Answer 20

polyarteritis nodosa

Question 21

churg- strauss triad

Answer 21

1) Asthma
2) vasculitis
3) eosinophilia

Question 22

beighton score-what is it for

Answer 22

hypermobility

Question 23

Bakers cyst

• key investigation
• management

Answer 23

• ultrasound

- needle aspiration of joint, bed rest

Question 24

Perthes disease

Answer 24

Tender hip joint- limitation of movements and shortened left leg

Question 25

What paediatric hop condition is preceded by a viral upper respiratory tract infection

Answer 25

Transient synovitis

Question 26

TLGM

Answer 26

Tennis - lateral epicondylitis. | Golfers- medial epicondylitis

Question 27

Tennis elbow worsened by what movements

Answer 27

Extending the wrist | Supinatinf the forearm

Question 28

Smith's Vs colles

Answer 28

Colles- posterior | Smith's- anterior

Question 29

Monteggia fracture

Answer 29

Ulnar fracture with dislocation of the radial head

Question 30

Galeazzi fracture dislocation

Answer 30

Fracture of radial shaft with dislocation of inferior radio-ulnar joint

Question 31

Child attempting to stand using his hands at 4 years old- what sign is it what condition

Answer 31

Gowers sign | duchennes

Question 32

Most common cause of kyphosis in adolescents

Answer 32

Scheuermans disease

Question 33

Fat embolism syndrome- skin condition

Answer 33

Petechial rash

Question 34

Key complication of closed fracture

Answer 34

Internal bleeding-. Ecchymosis discolouration

Question 35

treatment for raynauds

Answer 35

nifedipine-ca blocker

Question 36

pain on radial styloid on forced flexion of the thumb - what test - what condition

Answer 36

- finkelstein | - De quervains tenosynovitis

Question 37

chronic fatigue syndrome- how long symptoms need to be present for

Answer 37

4 months

Question 38

how to differentiate impingement from tear

Answer 38

tear tends to have muscle weakness compared to the opposit arm impingement shows no muscle weakness

Question 39

most common ankle inversion injury ligament

Answer 39

anterior talofibular ligament

Question 40

eversion ankle injury

Answer 40

deltoid(medial) ligament

Question 41

lisfranc ligament injury cause

Answer 41

direct blows, heavy object on foot