Paediatrics Flashcards
(55 cards)
which vaccines cannot be given together but have to be given 4 weeks apart
yellow fever and MMR
transient synovitis symptoms
- occurs following a viral infection
- sudden onset- pain on weightbearing- no pain at rest
- restricted ROM, especially internal rotation.
- no/mild fever
long term transient synovitis(>6 weeks)- what to suspect?
perthes disease- avascular necrosis of the epiphysis of the femoral head.
diagnostic test for perthes disease
bilateral hip x-ray
Treatment of perthe’s disease
1) early-bed rest and traction
2) late-long term calliper bracing /surgery
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis key signs
-question trigger- skin condition
-bloods-what is raised
treatment
- salmon pink -maculopapular rash
- raised ESR
- normocytic normochromic anaemia
- treatment - NSAIDs
age of diagnosis for the following MSK:
1) DDhip
2) perthes
3) SUFE
1) 0-5
2) 5-10
3) 10-15
sporty boys with knee pain
osgood-schlatter disease
complications of IUGR( and SGA) post-partum(4)- endox2, renal x1, bowel x1
1) hypoglycaemia(decreased glycogen stores)
2) Hypocalcaemia(not hypercalcaemia)- delayed development of the VIt D pathways
3) polycythaemia(chronic intrauterine hypoxia)
4) Necrotizing enterocolitis(chronic fetal bowel hypoxia)
RF for IUGR(3)
1) maternal substance abuse(eg: smoking)
2) congenital infection(eg: rubella)
3) maternal age over 40
Criteria for the diagnosis of ADHD
1) symptoms present for 6 months
2) impairment in two functional domains(Eg: home and school)
3) inattention(eg fidgeting, excessive running and climbing) and impulsivity(e: interrupting, difficulty waiting for turn)
type of inheritance neurofibromatosis(NF) type 1
Autosommal dominant
key finding on question for NF type 1
- cafe au lait spots- light brown skin patches
key ophthalmology finding with regards to NF1
Optic glioma(low grade brain tumour associated with astrocytes)
Symptoms of optic glioma
clumsiness, reduced vision, squints, flickering eyes, eye protrusion
the inheritance pattern of cystic fibrosis
autosomal recessive
complications of cystic fibrosis(4)
1) lung
2) reproduction
3) GI- which organs
4) nose
1) recurrent bacterial infections/lung due to increased secretions
2) infertility in men(absence of vas deferens)
3) liver cirrhosis and pancreas damage(due to secretions
4) nasal polyps
does CKD affect cystic fibrosis
no
Initial treatment for acute epiglottitis
Nebulised adrenaline and oxygen
Followed by IV cefotaxime
Senior involvement- anaesthetic, paeds involvement
Why do you start oral erythromycin on 8 year olds with headaches onset and patchy interstitial shadowing on cxr
Mycoplasma pneumoniae ( common in school going children)
Investigation for absence seizure
Trigger by hyperventilation for 3-4 mins while counting out loud
1st line for absence seizures
Sodium valproate
Indications for tonsillectomy
1) airway obstruction with persistent noisy breathing( proven sleep apnoea)
2) lymphoma suspicion
3) recurrent attacks of tonsillitis
4) 2 or more attacks of peritonsillar abscess
Di George syndrome ( CATCH-22)
1) cardiac defects
2) abnormal facies
3) thymic hypoplasia
4) cleft palate
5) hypocalcemia
Deletions for chromosome 22
