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Phase 1 EDF > MSK Anatomy > Flashcards

MSK Anatomy Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm (upper)

A

Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

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2
Q

Name the nerve that innervates the anterior compartment of the arm (upper)

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)

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3
Q

Name the nerve that supplies the majority of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

Median nerve (C6, C7, C8, T1)

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4
Q

Give the roots of the brachial plexus

A

C5-T1

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5
Q

Give the nerve supply of the posterior compartment the arm (upper)

A

Radial nerve C5-T1

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6
Q

Give the nerve supply of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A

Radial nerve C5-T1

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7
Q

Name the nerve that supplies the muscle of the hand except the LLOAF muscles

A

Ulnar nerve C8, T1

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8
Q

What are the LLOAF muscles

A

Lateral Lumbricals (x2)
Oppenens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis

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9
Q

What nerves innervates the LLOAF muscles of the hand?

A

Median nerve C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

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10
Q

Which muscles found in the anterior compartment of the forearm are NOT innervated by the median nerve? And which nerve are they innervated by instead?

A

Flexor capri ulnaris

Medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus

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11
Q

Which nerve runs in the carpal tunnel below the flexor retinaculum?

A

Median nerve C6, C7, C8, T1

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12
Q

Give the names of the 3 thenar muscles

A

Oppenens pollicis
Abductor pollicis
Flexor pollicis

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13
Q

Where does the long head of the bicep brachii originate?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

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14
Q

Where does the short head of the bicep brachia originate?

A

Coracoid process of the scapula

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15
Q

Where does the bicep brachia insert?

A

Radial tuberosity

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16
Q

Give the 8 muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A 
(Superficial x5)
Flexor capri ulnaris
Flexor capri radialis 
Palmaris longus *not everyone has this
Pronator teres
Flexor digitorum superficialis
(Deep x3)
Pronator quadratus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
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17
Q

Give the four rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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18
Q

What two things allow the glenohumeral joint to perform a wide range of movements

A

1) Shallow glenoid cavity in relation to large humerus head

2) Synovial fluid

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19
Q

What three things increase stability of the glenohumeral joint

A

1) Rotator cuff muscles
2) Ligaments
3) Glenoid labrum (fibrocartilagenous ridge)

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20
Q

What nerve may be damaged by anterior dislocation of the shoulder?

A

Axillary nerve

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21
Q

Of what nerve does the axillary nerve arise from?

A

Radial nerve

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22
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder region?

A 
Rotator cuff muscles
-Supraspinatus
-Infraspinatus
-Teres minor
-Subscapularis
Deltoid
Teres major
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23
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the shoulder region?

A 
(Superficial)
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
(Deep)
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
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24
Q

What clinically relevant structure do the lymph nodes of the axilla drain?

A

Mammary gland

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25
Give the names of 3 trunks of the branchial plexus and state what roots each of them are comprised of
Superior - C5, C6 Middle - C7 Inferior - C8, T1
26
What makes up the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
The anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks
27
What makes up the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?
The posterior division of the superior, middle and inferior trunks
28
What makes up the medial cord of the brachial plexus?
The anterior division of the inferior trunk
29
Give the 5 major branches of the brachial plexus
``` Musculocutaneous nerve Median nerve Ulnar nerve Radial nerve Axillary nerve ```
30
Where is the palmaris longus located? And in what percentage of the population is it present?
Anterior superficial compartment of the forearm | 85%
31
Give the 7 superficial muscles of the posterior forearm
``` Brachioradialis Anconeus Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi ```
32
Give the 5 deep muscles of the posterior forearm
Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus and brevis Extensor indicis
33
Name the muscle (1) of the posterior compartment of the arm (upper)
Triceps brachii
34
Name the carpel bones of the hand
``` (Starting from thumb) Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Trapezium Trapeziod Capitate Hamate (and hook) ```
35
Damage to which nerve results in the risk drop?
Radial nerve
36
Name the intrinsic muscles of the hand
``` Thenar -oppenens pollicis -abductor pollicis brevis -flexor pollicis brevis Hypothenar -oppenens digiti minimi -abductor digiti minimi -flexor digiti minimi Lumbricals - I-IV Interrossi -dorsal -palmar Other -palmaris brevis -adductor pollicis ```
37
What is the action of the dorsal interrossi
Abduct fingers at MCP joint
38
What is the action of the palmar interossi
Adduct the fingers at the MCP joint
39
What is the action of the popliteus?
Rotate tibia on femur to UNLOCK the knee joint
40
What are the roots of the sciatic nerve?
L4-S3
41
What is the nerve supply to the anterior comp of the thigh?
Femoral
42
What is the nerve supply to the medial comp of thigh?
Obturator
43
Which muscle could be classed at either anterior or medial compartment, and why?
Pectineus Innervation = femoral (ant) Main action = adduction at hip (med)
44
What muscles are found in the ant. comp of thigh?
``` Rectus femoris Vastus medialis, intermedius and lateralis Sartorius (Ilipsoas) (Pectineus) ```
45
What muscles are found in the medial comp of the thigh?
``` Obturator externus Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis ```
46
Is gracilis found medially or laterally within the medial compartment?
Medially
47
What the action of the medial compartment of the thigh?
Adduction
48
What is the action of the ant comp of the thigh?
Flex hip | Extend knee
49
What muscles are found in the posterior comp of the thigh?
Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus
50
What is the (general) innervation of the posterior compartment of the thigh?
Sciatic L4-S3
51
Which muscle/part of muscle in the posterior comp of the thigh not innervated by the tibial branch of the sciatic nerve? Which branch of the sciatic is it instead innervated by?
SHORT head of the biceps femoris | Common peroneal
52
What is the action of the posterior comp of the thigh?
Flex at knee | Extend at hip
53
Which muscles are responsible for stabilising the hip joint when walking? What nerve innervates these muscles?
Gluteus medius and minimis | Superior gluteal nerve
54
What muscles are found in the deep gluteal region? And what action do the perform?
``` Superior gemellous Inferior gemellous Piriformis Quadratus femoris Obturator internus ```
55
Describe the 2 anatomical landmarks that relate to the piriformis?
Passes through the obturator foramen and divide the gluteal region in half - sup and inf region Sciatic nerve emerges from at its inferior border
56
What are the main action of the anterior comp of the leg?
Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot at the ankles
57
What is the nerve supply to the anterior compartment of the leg?
Deep peroneal/fibular nerve
58
Foot drop occurs as a result of damage to what nerve?
Common peroneal/fibular
59
What muscle are found in the anterior compartment of the leg?
Tibularis anterior Extensor digitorum longus & Fibularis tetrius Extensor hallucis longus
60
How might an fracture to the Vth metatarsal occur?
Avulsion fracture - peroneus brevis | XS inversion

Phase 1 EDF (12 decks)

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