MSK ANATOMY

Question 1

what is the role of the superficial gluteal region?

Answer 1

extensors, abductors + medial rotators of thigh

Question 2

what is the role of the deep gluteal region?

Answer 2

lateral rotators of thigh + hip stabilisers

Question 3

how do nerves to gluteal region enter the pelvis?

what are they formed by?

Answer 3

the greater and lesser sciatic foramen

sacrotuberous and sacrospinus ligaments

Question 4

which nevres enter the pelvis via the gluteal region?

Answer 4

• sciatic (L4-S3)
• pudendal (S2-S4)
• posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (S1-S3)

Question 5

what are some facts about the sciatic nerve?

Answer 5

• exits inferior to piriformis
• most lateral structure exisitng GSF
• supplies nothign in the gluteal region

Question 6

what are the borders of the femoral triangle?

Answer 6

S - inguinal ligament
M - adductor longus
L - sartorius 
F - iliopsoas and pecrinteus 
R - deep fascia (fascia lattae)

Question 7

which nerve supplies the anterior compartment of thigh?

Answer 7

femoral nerve

Question 8

what is the role of muscles in the medial thigh compartment?

Answer 8

hip adduction

Question 9

which nerve supplies the medial com of the thigh?

Answer 9

obturator nerve

Question 10

what are the role of the muscles in teh posterior com of thigh?

Answer 10

extensors of thigh + flexors of leg

Question 11

which nerve supplies posterior com of thigh?

Answer 11

tibial division of sciatic nerve

Question 12

what is the role of muscles in the anteiror com of leg?

Answer 12

dorsiflex ankles + extension of toes

Question 13

which nerve supplied anteiror leg ?

Answer 13

deep fibular nerve

Question 14

role of muscles in lateral leg

Answer 14

evert foot + weakly plantarflex

Question 15

which nerve supplies lateral leg?

Answer 15

superficial fibular nerve

Question 16

which nerve supplies posterior leg

Answer 16

tibial nerve

Question 17

which ligaments are in the hip joint?

Answer 17

iliofemoral
pubofemoral
ischiofemoral

Question 18

what is the blood supplt to head hip joint?

Answer 18

• medial and lateral circumflex arteris

- artery to head of femur

Question 19

what are the ligaments of the ankle?

Answer 19

the deltoid ligaments

• anterior tibiotalar ligament
• posterior tibiotalar ligament
• tibiocalcaneal ligament
• tibionavicular ligament

Question 20

what is a maisonneuvre fracture?

Answer 20

separating of the distal tibia and fibular can cause teaing of tibiofibular syndesmosis
- fracture of proximal fibular

Question 21

what happens during pronation

Answer 21

radius moves over ulnar

Question 22

what are the elbow ligaments?

Answer 22

lateral collateral (radial) ligament
annular ligament
medial (ulnar) collateral ligament

Question 23

what innervates levator scapulae

Answer 23

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 24

what innervates anteiror arm

Answer 24

musculocutanoeus nerve

Question 25

what is the role of anterior arm

Answer 25

flexion of arm and forearm

Question 26

what supplies posterior arm

Answer 26

radial nerve

Question 27

what is the role of posteiror arm

Answer 27

extension of arm and forearm

Question 28

what innervates anterior forearm

Answer 28

median nerve apart from flexor carpi ulnaris + medial half of flexor digitorum (ulnar nerve)

Question 29

what innervates posterior forearm?

Answer 29

radial nerve

Question 30

what are the muscles of the thenar eminance?

Answer 30

abductor pollicis brevis flexor pollicis brevis opponens pollicis

Question 31

what innervates the thenar eminance?

Answer 31

recurrent branch of median nerve

Question 32

what are the muscles of the hypothenar eminance?

Answer 32

obturator digiti minimi flexor digiti minimi opponens digiti minimi

Question 33

what innervates the hypothenar eminance?

Answer 33

deep branch of ulnar nerve

Question 34

what are the lumbricals attached to?

Answer 34

tendons of flexor digitorium profundus

Question 35

what innervates the lumbricals?

Answer 35

medial 2 - ulnar nerve | latearl 2 - median nerve

Question 36

what do the interossei do?

Answer 36

dorsal - abduction of digits | palmar - adduction of digits

Question 37

what innervates the interosseoi?

Answer 37

ulnar nevre

Question 38

where does the axillary nerve pass through?

Answer 38

quadrangular space

Question 39

how can you rule out axillary nerve dysfunction?

Answer 39

if the subscapular nerve is functioning properly

Question 40

where does the radial nerve course?

Answer 40

around the radial groove of humerus with profunda brachii artery

Question 41

what happens if there is radial nerve dysfunction?

Answer 41

wrist drop

Question 42

where does the median nerve run?

Answer 42

medially in the arm, passes anterior elbow joint | runs within cubital fossa

Question 43

which nerve innervates flexor pollicis longus?

Answer 43

anteiror interossei nerve

Question 44

which bones form the pelvic ring?

Answer 44

sacrum ilium ischium pubic bone

Question 45

what happens in lateral compression fracture of the pelvis?

Answer 45

one half of pelvis is displaced medially eg RTA

Question 46

what happens in a vertical shear fracture of the pelvis?

Answer 46

one half of pelvis is displaced superiorly eg fall from a height

Question 47

what is a bankart lesion?

Answer 47

anterior shoulder dislocation causes detachment of glenoid labrum and capsule

Question 48

what is a hill sachs lesion?

Answer 48

postieor humeral head impacts antieror glenoid, causing impaction fracture of posteior humeral head

Question 49

characteristicc sign of postrior shoudler dislocation?

Answer 49

light bulb

Question 50

mechanism of injury in olecranon fractures

Answer 50

fall onto point of elbow + contraction of triceps

Question 51

night stick

Answer 51

fracture of ulnar shaft

Question 52

monteggia fracture

Answer 52

fracture of ulnar + dislocation of radial head at elbow

Question 53

gallezia fracture

Answer 53

fracture of radius + dislocation of ulna at distal radioulnar joint

Question 54

which nevre can be damaged in colles fracture

Answer 54

median

Question 55

bartons fracture

Answer 55

intra articular fracture of distal radius, where carpal bones sublux

Question 56

are intracapsular fractures above or below the trochanteric line?

Answer 56

above

Question 57

which way does the patellar dislocate?

Answer 57

latearlly

Question 58

what is a pilon fracutre?

Answer 58

distal tibia fracture

Question 59

what is a lisfranc fracture?

Answer 59

fracture of the midfoot | fracture of base of 2nd metatarsal with / without dislocation of other metatarsals at the TMJS

Question 60

descirbe salter harris 1

Answer 60

pure physeal seperation

Question 61

describe salter harris 2

Answer 61

physeal separation | small metaphyseal fragment

Question 62

describe salter harris 3 + 4

Answer 62

intra-articualr fracture with splitting at the physis

Question 63

describe salter harris 5

Answer 63

compression injury to the physis with growth arrest

Question 64

what is the usual site of salter harris 2 in children?

Answer 64

distal radial physis

Question 65

what is osbornes facsia?

Answer 65

the tight band of fascia that forms over the roof of the cubital tunnel

Question 66

which 2 muscle make up the iliosoas

Answer 66

psoas major + iliacus

Question 67

name the anterior muscles of the thigh (4)

Answer 67

sartorius iliopsoas pectineus quadriceps femoris

Question 68

which nerve supplies anteior thigh

Answer 68

femoral

Question 69

name medial thigh muscles (5)

Answer 69

adductor longus, brevis, magnus | obturator externus + gracilus

Question 70

which nerve goes to media lthigh

Answer 70

obturator

Question 71

name muscles of the posterior thigh (3)

Answer 71

semimembranosus semiteninosus biceps femoris

Question 72

which nerve + artery goes to posterior thigh

Answer 72

deep femoral artery + tibial nerve

Question 73

name the muscles of the anteoir leg (4)

Answer 73

tibialis anterior extensor digitorum longus extensor hallucus longus fibularis tertius

Question 74

what is the movement of anterir leg

Answer 74

dorsiflexion

Question 75

which arteries goes to anteriro leg

Answer 75

deep fibular artery + anterior tibial artery

Question 76

name the muscles of the latral leg (2)

Answer 76

fibularis brevis + longus

Question 77

what is the movement of lateral leg muscles

Answer 77

plantarflexion

Question 78

name the posterior leg muscles (3)

Answer 78

gastrocnemius soleus plantaris

Question 79

where does gastronemius insert to

Answer 79

calcaneal tendon

Question 80

what is the nerve do posterior leg

Answer 80

tibia nerve + sural arteries

Question 81

what are the posteiro deep muscles of the leg (4)

Answer 81

popliteus flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus tibialis posterior

Question 82

which arteries go to deep posteiror leg

Answer 82

tibial artery + posterior tibial artery

Question 83

nerve and artery to lattismus dors

Answer 83

thoracodorsal nerve + branch of subscapular artery

Question 84

nerve and artery to levator spaculae

Answer 84

dorsal scapular nerve + artery

Question 85

nerve to deltoid

Answer 85

axillary

Question 86

nerve to supraspinatus

Answer 86

suprascapular

Question 87

nerve to infraspinatus

Answer 87

suprascapular

Question 88

nerve in subscapularis

Answer 88

subscapular

Question 89

nerve to teres minor

Answer 89

axillary nerve