MSK - Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in MSK - Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb Deck (35)
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1
Q

Define cutaneous innervation

A

an area of skin supplied by a specific nerve

2
Q

Where do cutaneous branches arise from and where do they travel?

A

Arise from mixed nerves and travel into the subcutaneous tissue

3
Q

Where do the majority of the mixed nerves arise from in the lower limb?

A

Lumbar and Sacral plexuses

4
Q

Where are the two places that the cutaneous nerves can arise from?

A

1 - Directly from the lumbar or sacral plexuses

2 - As cutaneous branches of the mixed nerves that arise from the lumbar or sacral plexusus

5
Q

Where is the lumbar plexus located?

What roots does it consist of?

A

Anterior to the transverse processes of the lumbar spine

L1 to L4 (with some contribution from T12)

6
Q

Generally, where do the nerves arising from the lumbar plexuses supply?

A

Anterior and Medial thigh

7
Q

What are some major nerves that arise from the lumbar plexus?

A

**Obturator Nerve **(L2-L4)

**Femoral Nerve **(L2-L4)

8
Q

What spinal roots make up the Sacral Plexus?

A

L5-S4

9
Q

What areas does the sacral plexus supply?

What is its main branch?

A

Posterior thigh, leg and foot

Sciatic Nerve

10
Q

What are the three major nerves of the lower limb?

A

Femoral Nerve

Tibial Nerve

Common Fibular Nerve

11
Q

What cutaneous innervation of the lower limb in the femoral nerve responsible for?

A

Anteriomedial thigh

Medial Leg and Foot

12
Q

What is a mixed nerve?

Which major leg nerve is a mixed nerve?

A

Contained sensory and motor functions

Femoral Nerve

13
Q

What plexus does the femoral nerve arise from?

Describe the course of the femoral nerve

A

The lumbar plexus

Descends through the psoas major muscle and enters the lower limb on the anterior aspect of the thigh

14
Q

What two cutaneous nerves arise from the femoral nerve?

A

Anterior cutaneous branches

Saphenous Nerve

15
Q

Where does the saphenous nerve arise?

Describe the course of the saphenous nerve

A

Arises in the femoral triangle

Descends down the thigh, via the adductor canal, exits the canal just before the adductor hiatus, crossing the medial aspect of the knee and passing deep to the sartorius tendon

16
Q

Where does the saphenous nerve supply?

A

Skin on the medial side of the leg and foot

17
Q

Where do the anterior cutaneous branches arise from?

Where do these nerves innervate?

A

Arise in the femoral triangle

Innervate the skin of the aterior and medial aspects of the thigh

18
Q

What cutaneous innervation is the tibial nerve responsible for?

A

Posterolateral leg

Sole

Heel

19
Q

The tibial nerve is one of the terminal branches of what?

A

The sciatic nerve

20
Q

Where does the tibial nerve arise?

Describe the course of the tibial nerve

A

Apex of the popliteal fossa

Descends down the posterior compartment of the leg

21
Q

Name the cutaneous branches of the tibial nerve

A

Sural Nerve

Medial Plantar Nerve

Lateral Plantar Nerve

Calcaneal Nerves

22
Q

What is the sural nerve formed by?

Where does it supply?

A

Branches of the tibial and common fibular nerves

Supplies the skin of the posterolateral leg and the lateral margin of the foot

23
Q

Where does the medial plantar nerve supply?

A

Skin of the medial sole of the foot, and the plantar aspect, nails and sides of the medial three and a half toes

24
Q

Where does the Lateral Plantar Nerve supply?

A

Skin of the lateral sole, and the plantar aspect, nails and sides of the lateral one and a half toes

25
Q

Where does the Calcaneal nerve supply?

A

Skin of the heel

26
Q

Label cutaneous innervation to the posterior leg

A
27
Q

Label the cutaneous innervation to the sole of the foot

A
28
Q

What cutaneous innervation is the common fibular nerve responsible for?

A

Anterolateral leg, posterolateral leg and the dorsal surface of the foot

29
Q

Where does the common fibular nerve arise?

Where does it enter?

A

Apex of the popliteal fossa

Enters the lateral compartment

30
Q

What are the cutaneous branches of the common fibular nerve?

A

Superficial fibular nerve (Mixed)

Deep fibular nerve (Mixed)

Sural nerve

Lateral Sural Nerve

31
Q

Describe the course of the Superficial fibular nerve

Where does it innervate?

A

Moves through the lateral compartment of the leg and perforates the deep fascia of the leg

Innervates the skin of the anterolateral leg and dorsum of the foot (apart from the skin between the big and 2nd toes)

32
Q

Where does the deep fibular nerve supply?

A

Supplies the web of skin between the big and 2nd toes

33
Q

What is the Sural nerve comprised of?

Where does it innervate?

A

Formed by branches of the tibial and common fibular nerves

Supplies the skin of the posterolateral leg and the lateral margin of the foot

34
Q

Where does the lateral sural nerve supply?

A

Supplies part of the anterolateral leg

35
Q

Label the sensory innervation of the legs and feet

A