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2nd Year 2nd Term > MT6314 DRUGS OF ABUSE > Flashcards

MT6314 DRUGS OF ABUSE Flashcards

1
Q

T OR F: Drugs of abuse have medical indication

A

F

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2
Q

“Compulsive” use leads to?

A

Addiction

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3
Q

Drugs of abuse mainly cause?

A

Euphoria and altered perception

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4
Q

Dependence or Addiction: Physical

A

Dependence

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5
Q

Dependence or Addiction: Psychological

A

Addiction

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6
Q

Dependence or Addiction: Tolerance

A

Dependence

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7
Q

Dependence or Addiction: Compulsion

A

Addiction

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8
Q

Dependence or Addiction: Withdrawal syndrome

A

Dependence

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9
Q

Dependence or Addiction: Relapsing and Craving

A

Addiction

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10
Q

Dependence or Addiction: No psychoactive drugs

A

Dependence

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11
Q

What Class: GPCRs

A

1

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12
Q

What Class: Opioids, THC, GHB

A

1

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13
Q

What Class: Benzodiazepines, nicotine

A

2

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14
Q

What Class: ethanol, channels

A

2

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15
Q

What Class: cocaine, ecstasy, amphetamine

A

3

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16
Q

What Class: transporters

A

3

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17
Q

Class 1 and 2 are found in?

A

Ventral Tegmental Area

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18
Q

Class 3 is found in?

A

Ventral Tegmental Area and Nucleus Accumbens

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19
Q

Pharmacokinetic or Pharmacodynamic Tolerance: reduction of concentration

A

KINTETIC

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20
Q

Pharmacokinetic or Pharmacodynamic Tolerance: Shorter duration of action

A

KINETIC

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21
Q

Pharmacokinetic or Pharmacodynamic Tolerance: Recruitment of Adaptor protein (beta-arrestin)

A

DYNAMIC

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22
Q

Pharmacokinetic or Pharmacodynamic Tolerance: Desensitization and receptor internalization

A

DYNAMIC

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23
Q

Example of an adaptor protein?

A

Beta-arrestin

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24
Q

Common signs of withdrawal?

A

Elevated BP, body temp
Tachycardia
Sweating
Tremulousness
Dilated pupils
Disorientation
Hyper arousal
Grand mal seizure

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25
Q

Symptoms of withdrawal?

A

Anxiety
Insomnia
Illusions
Hallucinations
Paranoid ideas
Nausea
Irritability

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26
Q

High motivation to obtain and use

A

Addiction

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27
Q

Has negative consequences

A

Addiction

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28
Q

Re-exposure
Stress
Context Call

A

Relapse

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29
Q

Alter perception, no reward or euphoria

A

Nonaddictive drugs of abuse

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30
Q

Nonaddictive drugs of abuse target?

A

Cortical and thalamic systems

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31
Q

Examples of nonaddictive drugs of abuse?

A

Hallucinogens
Dissociative anesthetics
LSD
PCP/ Ketamine
Dextromethorphan

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32
Q

What kind of drug classifications are in the pharmacology of drug abuse?

A

Drugs that activate G-protein coupled receptors

Drugs that bind to ionotropic receptors

Drugs that bind to transporters of biogenic amines

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33
Q

WHAT TYPE OF DRUG ACCRDG. TO PHARMACOLOGY:
Opioids
Cannabinoids

A

Drugs that activate G-protein coupled receptors

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34
Q

WHAT TYPE OF DRUG ACCRDG. TO PHARMACOLOGY:
GHB
LSD, Mescaline and Psilocybin

A

Drugs that activate G-protein coupled receptors

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35
Q

WHAT TYPE OF DRUG ACCRDG. TO PHARMACOLOGY:
Nicotine
Benzodiazepines
Alcohol

A

Drugs that bind to ionotropic receptors

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36
Q

WHAT TYPE OF DRUG ACCRDG. TO PHARMACOLOGY:
Ketamine, PCP
Inhalants

A

Drugs that bind to ionotropic receptors

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37
Q

WHAT TYPE OF DRUG ACCRDG. TO PHARMACOLOGY:
Cocaine
Amphetamines
Ecstacy

A

Drugs that bind to transporters of biogenic amines

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38
Q

Strong analgesics

A

Opioids

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39
Q

Examples of opiates?

A

Morphine
Codeine
Thebaine
Papaverine

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40
Q

“Sleep inducing” opioid

A

Narcotic

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41
Q

WHAT OPIOID RECEPTOR SUBTYPE: Supraspinal and spinal analgesia; inhibition of respiration, slow GI transit, modulation of hormone and neurotransmitter release

A

mu

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42
Q

WHAT OPIOID RECEPTOR SUBTYPE: Supraspinal and spinal analgesia, modulation of hormone and neurotransmitter release

A

delta

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43
Q

WHAT OPIOID RECEPTOR SUBTYPE: Supraspinal and spinal analgesia; psychotomimetic effects, slow GI transit

A

kappa

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44
Q

Endogenous opioid peptide affinity of mu receptors?

A

Endorphins > Enkephalins > Dynorphins

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45
Q

Endogenous opioid peptide affinity of delta receptors?

A

Enkephalins > endorphins and dynorphins

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46
Q

Endogenous opioid peptide affinity of kappa receptors?

A

Dynorphins&raquo_space; Endorphins and enkephalins

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47
Q

Scientific name of Opium?

A

Papaver somniferum

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48
Q

What is an powerful narcotic, painkiller?

A

Opioids

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49
Q

Principal active ingredient in opioids?

A

MORPHINE

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50
Q

Effects of opioids?

A

insomnia, hallucination,
nightmares
histamine release

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51
Q

Routs of administration of opioids?

A

SC, IV

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52
Q

Opioids have more pronounced
effects than what drug?

A

heroin

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53
Q

Other names of heroin?

A

Smack, H, ska, junk

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54
Q

What kind of chemical is heroin?

A

diamorphine

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55
Q

What form is heroin usually in?

A

addictive drug as a white or brown powder

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56
Q

T or F: Heroin is usually used alone

A

F, tends to be used with other drugs

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57
Q

Route and speed of administration of heroin?

A

fast-acting; IV

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58
Q

Half life of heroin and how many doses?

A

3-5 hrs, therefore several doses/ day

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59
Q

How long is withdrawal of heroin?

A

Withdrawal 5-10 hrs after

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60
Q

Oxycodone is synthesized from?

A

thebaine

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61
Q

Oxycodone is derived from?

A

codeine

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62
Q

What form is oxycodone usually in?

A

tablet or oral form

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63
Q

Other names for Meperidine?

A

pethidine; Demerol

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64
Q

Meperidine has serious interactions with?

A

MAOIs

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65
Q

Attempts to illicitly produce meperidine
has resulted in?

A

MPTP which can cause parkinsonism

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66
Q

What is MPTP?

A

MPTP: methyl-phenyl-tetrahydropyridine

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67
Q

What carries the pain signals to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord?

A

Primary afferent neurons

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68
Q

How do pain signals synapse with the secondary neuron?

A

via glutamate and neuropeptide transmitters

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69
Q

Pain stimuli can be attenuated in the periphery by what?

A

opioids acting at opioids receptors

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70
Q

Pain stimuli can be blocked in the afferent axon by?

A

local anesthetics

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71
Q

APs reaching the dorsal horn can be attenuated at the presynaptic ending by?

A

opioids
calcium blockers (ziconotide)
a2 agonists
drugs that increase synaptic concentrations of norepinephrine (tapentadol)

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72
Q

T or F: Opioids inhibit the post synaptic neuron

A

T

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73
Q

Inhibition of opioid analgesics happen in what part of the nervous system?

A

spinal cord

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74
Q

Possible site of action of opioid analgesics can be in the?

A

amygdala
anterior cingulate gyrus
Dorsal root ganglion
ventral posterolateral nucleus in thalamus

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75
Q

Sites of action of opioid in pain modulating neurons in?

A

medulla with midbrain periaqueductal gray area
rotral ventral medulla
locus coerculus

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76
Q

What degree of tolerance in opioids: analgesia

A

high

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77
Q

What degree of tolerance in opioids: bradycardia

A

moderate

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78
Q

What degree of tolerance in opioids: miosis

A

minimal or none

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79
Q

What degree of tolerance in opioids: mental clouding and sedation

A

high

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80
Q

What degree of tolerance in opioids: antidiuresis

A

high

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81
Q

What degree of tolerance in opioids: respiratory depression and cough suppression

A

high

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82
Q

What degree of tolerance in opioids: constipation and convulsions

A

minimal or none

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83
Q

What degree of tolerance in opioids: nausea and vomiting; euphoria, dysphoria

A

high

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84
Q

What degree of tolerance in opioids: mental clouding, sedation

A

high

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85
Q

Chronic or Acute use of opioids: urticaria

A

Acute

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86
Q

Chronic or Acute use of opioids: constipation and urinary retention

A

Acute

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87
Q

Chronic or Acute use of opioids: respiratory depression; nausea/vomiting

A

Acute

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88
Q

Chronic or Acute use of opioids: pruritis and delirium

A

Acute

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89
Q

Chronic or Acute use of opioids: sedation, myoclonus, seizures

A

acute

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90
Q

Chronic or Acute use of opioids: hypogonadism, immunosuppression

A

Chronic

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91
Q

Chronic or Acute use of opioids: Increased feeding, increase GH secretion

A

Chronic

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92
Q

Chronic or Acute use of opioids: Withdrawal effects, tolerance, dependence

A

Chronic

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93
Q

Chronic or Acute use of opioids: abuse, addiction, hyperalgesia

A

Chronic

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94
Q

Chronic or Acute use of opioids: Impairment while driving

A

Chronic

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95
Q

What drug group: Increased CNS depression, particularly respiratory depression

A

Sedative-hypnotics

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96
Q

What drug group: Increased sedation

A

Antipsychotic agents

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97
Q

What drug group: Variable effects on respiratory depression

A

Antipsychotic

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98
Q

What drug group: Accentuation of cardiovascular effects (antimuscarinic and a-blocking actions)

A

Antipsychotic

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99
Q

What drug group: relative contraindication to all opioid analgesics

A

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

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100
Q

MAOIs have a relative contraindication to all opioid analgesics because?

A

of high incidence of hypercpyrexis coma

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101
Q

What drug group: hypertension has also been reported

A

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

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102
Q

Examples of sedative hypnotics?

A

alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines,
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)

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103
Q

Length of action of sedative-hypnotics?

A

can be short- to long- acting

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104
Q

T or F: In sedative hypnotics, the longer the duration, the more chances of withdrawal

A

F, the longer the duration the less the withdrawal

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105
Q

Effects of sedative hypnotics?

A

anxiety, tremors, twitches, vomiting

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106
Q

Clinical uses of sedative hypnotics?

A

relief of anxiety
insomnia
sedation and amnesia
epilepsy and seizures
component of balances anesthesia (IV)
control of ethanol or other sedative-withdrawal states
muscle relaxation
diagnostic aids

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107
Q

What drug: minor active metabolites

A

Eszopiclone

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108
Q

What drug: rapid oral absorption

A

Alprazolam

109
Q

What drug: active metabolites with long t1/2

A

Flurazepam

110
Q

What drug: no active metabolites

A

Lorazepam and Oxazepam; Zolpidem

111
Q

What drug: slow oral absorption

A

Temazepam

112
Q

What drug: rapid onset, short duration of action

A

Triazolam

113
Q

What drug: metabolized via aldehyde dehydrogenase

A

Zaleplon

114
Q

What drug: Produg; hydrolyzed to active form in stomach

A

Clorazepate

115
Q

What drug: active metabolites; erratic bioavailability from IM injection

A

Chlordiazepoxide

116
Q

Has rare occurrence of physiologic dependence

A

Benzodiazepines

117
Q

Benzodiazepines are also known as?

A

“Therapeutic Dose Dependence”

118
Q

Effects of Benzodiazepines?

A

weight loss, change in perception,
paresthesia, headache

119
Q

What is used for date rape?

A

Flunitrazepam
Rohypnol: roofies (1mg tab)

120
Q

What schedule is Flunitrazepam?

A

Schedule IV

121
Q

What does Flunitrazepam cause?

A

anterograde amnesia

122
Q

What kind of receptors are barbiturates?

A

GABAa receptors

123
Q

Length of action of barbiturates?

A

usually Short- acting drugs

124
Q

Examples of barbiturates?

A

Secobarbital, pentobarbital Na

125
Q

T or F: Barbiturates are more commonly used than the other drugs

A

F, not used as much as other drugs

126
Q

What drug leads to euphoria and Alcoholism?

A

Alcohol

127
Q

Alcohol affects?

A

Affect GABAa and NMDA

128
Q

Alcohol withdrawal leads to what effects?

A

motor agitation, anxiety, insomnia,
hallucination, abnormal vital signs,
seizures

129
Q

Affects GABAb receptors

A

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid

130
Q

What drug is naturally found in body?

A

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid

131
Q

Where else can Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid be found?

A

can be found in fermented drinks like guava
(Psidium guajava)

132
Q

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid is what kind of drug?

A

euphoric, sedative, anabolic

133
Q

What form can Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid take?

A

liquid ecstasy, soap, easy lay, vita-G

134
Q

What drug: Georgia homeboy

A

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid

135
Q

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid use with alcohol can cause?

A

breathing
problems

136
Q

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid withdrawal effects include?

A

insomnia, anxiety, tremors, sweating

137
Q

Treatment for Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid for short acting and long acting drugs?

A

chlordiazepoxide or phenobarbital

138
Q

Treatment for alcohol?

A

disulfiram, naltrexone

139
Q

Main treatment for Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid?

A

support groups

140
Q

Kinds of cannabinoids?

A

Marijuana

141
Q

Scientific name of marijuana?

A

Cannabis sativa

142
Q

Other names of marijuana?

A

cannabinol, tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol

143
Q

Marijuana affects what receptors?

A

cannabinoid receptors (CB1)

144
Q

Marijuana is usually taken into the body through?

A

smoking

145
Q

How does marijuana take effect?

A

effects in 2-3 inhalations

146
Q

What are the effects of marijuana?

A

“high,” euphoria, laughter, relaxation

147
Q

What schedule is marijuana?

A

Schedule I

148
Q

Marijuana effects on the body?

A
  • antiemetic
  • tolerance
  • uncertain effect on fetus
  • Amotivational syndrome
  • diseases related to smoking
149
Q

Examples of medical cannabinoids?

A
  • Dronabinol
  • Nabilone - Chemotheraphy Px
  • Nabiximol - Multiple sclerosis
150
Q

Examples of hallucinogens?

A
  • LSD
  • PCP
  • Ketamine
  • Scopolamine
151
Q

LSD is known as?

A

Lysergic acid diethylamide Claviceps purpurea

152
Q

LSD is a synthetic agent related to?

A

ergot alkaloids

153
Q

Neurotransmitters affected by LSD?

A

norepinephrine (NE), dopamine, serotonin

154
Q

Agonists affected by LSD?

A

5-HT1a & 5-HT1c agonists

155
Q

What is known as one of the most potent drugs 1ug/kg?

A

LSD

156
Q

Does LSD have any fatalities?

A

NO

157
Q

LSD duration is based on?

A

dose

158
Q

What kind of effects does LSD have?

A

waxing and waning effects
* rise in body temp
* Hallucinations
* uterine contractions
* elevated sugar levels
* goosebumps
* Euphoria
* pupil dilation

159
Q

What drug: Lophophora williamsii

A

Mescaline

160
Q

What drug: restricted but allowed
occasionally to North American Indians

A

Mescaline

161
Q

Usually dosage of Mescaline?

A

5-6mg/kg

162
Q

What drug: Psilocybe mushroom

A

Psilocybin

163
Q

Usual Dosage of Psilocybin?

A

250ug/kg

164
Q

Effects of Psilocybin on the body?

A

mydriasis, muscle relaxation, dizziness

165
Q

Ketamine is also known as?

A

“special K” “vitamin K”

166
Q

What drug: anesthetic

A

Ketamine

167
Q

Effects of ketamine?

A

dream-like states,
hallucination, delirium,
amnesia, high BP,
depression,
fatal respiratory
problems

168
Q

Other names of Phencyclidine?

A

angel dust, PCP

169
Q

Phencyclidine is a derivative of?

A

phenylcyclohexamine

170
Q

What drug: veterinary anesthetic; animals will self administer it

A

Phencyclidine

171
Q

Route of intake of Phencyclidine?

A

smoked with tobacco, snorted, Oral, IV

172
Q

Phencyclidine antagonizes?

A

NMDA

173
Q

What drug: Olney’s lesions

A

Phencyclidine

174
Q

Length of t1/2 of Phencyclidine?

A

long

175
Q

What drug: users tend to be violent
and suicidal; “bad-trips”

A

Phencyclidine

176
Q

What drug: Hyoscyamus niger

A

Scopolamine

177
Q

Scopolamine blocks what?

A

central muscarinic receptors

178
Q

What drug is unpleasant to users?

A

Scopolamine

179
Q

Scopolamine is also known as?

A

Devils breath

180
Q

What drug: Erythroxylon coca

A

Coccaine

181
Q

What transmitter is concerned with cocaine?

A

dopaminergic reuptake
transmitter

182
Q

Cocaine inhibits the reuptake of?

A

dopamine and NE

183
Q

T OR F: Free based cocaine is absorbed slower than IV

A

F, just as fast

184
Q

Half life of cocaine?

A

1hr, repeated 30mins

185
Q

Symptoms of cocaine include?

A
  • symptoms include a
    feeling of bugs
    under skin
  • paranoia and
    schizophrenia like state
  • exhaustion by lack of
    sleep and food
  • appetite, exhaustion,
    depression
186
Q

What drug: alpha-methyl-phenethylamine

A

Amphetamines

187
Q

Amphetamines increase?

A

catecholinergic neurotransmitters

188
Q

What is more metabolized and is just released in the use of amphetamines?

A

dopamine

189
Q

Amphetamines are used to treat?

A

narcolepsy and ADHD

190
Q

Amphetamines causes?

A
  • paranoid psychosis
  • necrotizing arteritis
191
Q

T or F: OD in amphetamine use is rarely fatal

A

T

192
Q

Amphetamines are managed by?

A

benzodiazepines

193
Q

Schedule of amphetamines?

A

Schedule II

194
Q

Effects of amphetamines?

A

-decreased appetite, inc. stamina, energy
sexual drive
-loss of REM sleep, tremor, restlessness,
anxiety

195
Q

Related drugs to amphetamines?

A

shabu, ecstasy

196
Q

Ecstasy is also known as?

A

Methylene-dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)

197
Q

Ecstasy causes?

A

intimacy and empathy

198
Q

What drug:
* “raves” designer drug
* SERT

A

Ecstacy

199
Q

What drug: Agonist

A

Opioids
Cannabinoids

200
Q

What drug: Activate G-protein coupled receptors

A

Opioids
Cannabinoids
GHB
LSD, mescaline, psilocybin

201
Q

What drug:
Mol target - m-OR

A

Opioids

202
Q

What drug:
Mol target - CB1R

A

Cannabinoids

203
Q

What drug:
Mol target - GABABR

A

GHB

204
Q

What drug:
Mol target - 5-HT2AR

A

LSD, mescaline, psilocybin

205
Q

What drug: Weak agonist

A

GHB

206
Q

What drug: Partial agonist

A

LSD, mescaline, psilocybin

207
Q

What drug: drugs that bind to ionotropic receptors and ion channels

A

nicotine
alcohol
benzodiazepines
phencyclidine
ketamine

208
Q

What drug: drugs that bind to transporters of biogenic amines

A

cocaine
amphetamine
ecstacy

209
Q

What drug:
Mol target - nAChR

A

nicotine

210
Q

What drug:
Effect on dopamine receptors - disnhibition

A

opioids
canabinoids
GHB
benzodiazepines

211
Q

What drug:
Effect on dopamine receptors - blocks DA uptake

A

cocaine
amphetamine
ecstacy

212
Q

Effect on dopamine receptors - excitation

A

nicotine
alcohol

213
Q

Stimulants are also known as?

A

uppers

214
Q

What do stimulants do?

A

reverse the effects of fatigue on both mental and
physical tasks.

215
Q

Other names of nicotine?

A

Nicotiana tobacum

216
Q

Nicotine is an agonist against?

A

nicotinic cholinergic receptor

217
Q

How fatal is nicotine?

A

1 drop is fatal

218
Q

Effects of nicotine?

A

strong psychological and physiological
dependence (more addictive than heroin
and cocaine)

219
Q

T or F: Nicotine is carcinogenic and causes sudden infant death syndrome

A

T

220
Q

Other names of caffeine?

A

1,3,7-trimethylxanthine

221
Q

Caffeine is from?

A

xanthine alkaloid from Coffea arabica

222
Q

What kind of receptors is caffeine?

A

adenosine receptors

223
Q

T or F: Low chances of abuse and addiction are seen in caffeine

A

T

224
Q

Types of inhalants?

A
  • anesthetic gases
  • industrial solvents
  • aerosol propellants
  • organic nitrites
225
Q

Effects of inhalants on the body?

A
  • psychoactive effects
  • alcohol-like intoxications,
    hallucinations,
  • hypoxia, pneumonia,
    cardiac fauilure
  • headache, nausea,
    vomiting, slurred
    speech, loss of motor
    coordination,
    wheezing
226
Q

What has difficulty in concentrating, dreaminess,
euphoria, numbness, tingling?

A

Anesthetics

227
Q

When are Anesthetics fatal?

A

N2O= 35% used; 100% death

228
Q

Examples of anesthetics?

A

ether & chloroform

229
Q

Examples of industrial solvents?

A

gasoline, toluene,
benzene, trichloro-ethylene
Glue, correction fluid,
gas

230
Q

How many minutes do industrial solvents last?

A

5-15min

231
Q

Effects of industrial solvents?

A

euphoria, “drunk” feeling,
disorientation

232
Q

What substance: amyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite

A

Organic nitrites

233
Q

Effects of Organic nitrites?

A
  • dizziness, rapid heart rate, lowered BP,
    “speeding,” flushing of skin
  • enhance, prolong erection
234
Q

Toxicities of Organic nitrites?

A
  • Liver, kidney, peripheral nerve, and brain
    damage
  • bone marrow suppression,
  • pulmonary disease
  • death
235
Q

cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene ring

A

Anabolic Steroids

236
Q

bone growth, appetite, puberty, muscle
growth

A

Anabolic Steroids

237
Q

Schedule of Anabolic Steroids?

A

3

238
Q

Effects of Anabolic Steroids?

A
  • change in libido, irritability, violence, mood
    swings, forgetfulness, confusion
  • fatigue, depressed mood, craving for steroids
  • hypertrophied muscles,
    acne, oily skin,
    hirsutism in females,
    gynecomastia in
    males, needle punctures
  • high LDL; low HDL
  • elevated liver function
239
Q

The most commonly abused drug in the world

A

Alcohol

240
Q

Continue consumption of alcohol despite
suffering consequences

A

Alcohol abuse

241
Q

Inability to control drinking,
devoting much time to getting and using alcohol, or
recovering from its effects

A

Alcohol dependence

242
Q

use disorders are complex; has genetic and
environmental factors

A

Alcohol

243
Q

Main molecular target of opioids?

A

mu-OR

244
Q

Main molecular target of cannabinoids?

A

CB1 receptors

245
Q

Main molecular target of GHB?

A

GABAb

246
Q

Main molecular target of LSD, mescaline, psilocybin?

A

5-HT1 receptors

247
Q

Main molecular target of nicotine?

A

nACh receptors

248
Q

Main molecular target of alcohol?

A

NMDAs and GABAa

249
Q

Main molecular target of ketamine and PCP?

A

NMDAR

250
Q

Main molecular target of benzodiazepines?

A

GABAa

251
Q

Main molecular target of Cocaine, Amphetamine and Ecstasy?

A

Cocaine - DAT, SERT, NET
Amphetamine - DAT, SERT, NET, VMAT
Ecstasy - SERT > DAT, NET

252
Q

Pharmacology of benzodiazepines?

A

Positive modulator

253
Q

Pharmacology of PCP and ketamine?

A

Antagonist

254
Q

“uppers”

A

Stimulants

255
Q

What do stimulants do?

A

Reverse fatigue

256
Q

Examples of stimulants?

A

Nicotine and Caffeine

257
Q

Nicotine is an antagonist of?

A

nicotinic cholinergic receptors

258
Q

Nicotine causes increase in what hormone?

A

Dopamine

259
Q

Nicotine causes?

A

SIDS, and cancer (carcinogen)

260
Q

Caffeine is involved with what receptors?

A

Adenosine receptors

261
Q

How much percent of N2O is used to ensure 100% death?

A

35%

262
Q

Anabolic steroids are what schedule?

A

3

263
Q

Mu opioid receptor partial / weka agonists

A

Petazocine
Buprenorphine
Butorphanol
Codeine
Hydrocodone

264
Q

Mu opioid receptor antagonist

A

Nalbuphine

265
Q

Delta opioid receptor antagonist

A

Buprenorphine

266
Q

Delta opioid receptor agonist (+)

A

Sufentanil

267
Q

Kappa opioid receptor agonist (+)

A

Morphine
Sufentanil
Pentazocine

268
Q

Kappa opioid receptor agonist (++,+++)

A

Nalbuphine (++)
Butorphanol (+++)

269
Q

Kappa opioid antagonist

A

Buprenorphine

2nd Year 2nd Term (38 decks)

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