Muscles Flashcards
(29 cards)
Gastrocnemius
O - Epicondyles of femur
I - Calcaneus via Achilles tendon
A - Plantarflexion of ankle, assists flexion of knee
• Best worked in standing position because it crosses knee joint (muscle lengthened)
• More type II fibers so best trained heavier with lower rep range
Soleus
O - Soleal line of tibia, upper shaft and posterior head of fibula
I - Calcaneus via Achilles tendon
A - Plantarflexion of ankle
• Best worked in seated position (less activation of gastrocnemius)
• More type I fibers so higher rep range
Adductor magnus
O - Anterior head: pubis
Posterior head: Ischial tuberosity,
I - Anterior head: Linea aspera of femur
Posterior head: adductor tubercle of femur
A - Agonist in hip adduction.
Anterior head: assists flexion and medial rotation of femur
Posterior head: Assists extension and lateral rotation of femur
Gracilis
O - anterior pubis
I - medial anterior proximal tibia via pes anserine (only adductor that crosses knee joint)
A - Adduction of femur, assists knee and hip flexion
Adductors longus and brevis
O - anterior pubis
I - Linea aspera of femur
A - Adduction of femur, assists flexion of femur
Pectineus
O - anterior pubis
I - Pectineal line of femur inferior to lesser trochanter and superior to Linea aspera
A - Flexion and (weak) adduction of femur
Tibialis anterior
O - Lateral condyle and shaft of tibia, Interosseous membrane
I - Plantar surface of 1st metatarsal, plantar surface of medial cuneiform
A - Agonist in ankle dorsiflexion, inversion of foot
Tibialis posterior
O - Posterior tibia and fibula, Interosseous membrane
I - Navicular tarsal bone, tarsals and metatarsals on plantar surface
A - Inversion of foot, assists plantar flexion of ankle
Latissimus dorsi
O - 1. Thoracolumbar fascia
2. spinous processes of T7-12
3. Iliac crest
4. Lower 3-4 ribs
5. Inferior angle of scapula
6. Sacrum
I - Bicipital groove of humerus
A - Extension, medial rotation, and adduction of humerus.
Medial (downward) rotation, depression, and retraction of scapula
Teres major
“The lats’ little helper”
O - Inferior angle and lower axillary border of scapula (dorsal surface)
I - Bicipital groove of humerus
A - Extension, medial rotation, and adduction of humerus
Fibularis longus
O - Head upper shaft of fibula
I - Plantar surface of base of first metatarsal, medial cuneiform
A - Eversion of foot, assists plantarflexion of ankle
Fibularis brevis
O - middle shaft of fibula
I - Base of 5th metatarsal
A - Eversion, assists plantarflexion
Fibularis tertius
O - Lower shaft of fibula
I - Base of 5th metatarsal
A - Eversion, assists dorsiflexion
Anterior deltoid
O - Lateral third of clavicle
I - Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A - Flexion, horizontal adduction, abduction, and medial rotation of humerus
Middle deltoid
O - Acromion of scapula
I - Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A - Abduction and flexion of humerus
Posterior deltoid
O - Spine of scapula
I - Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A - Extension, horizontal abduction, and lateral rotation of humerus
Supraspinatus
O - Supraspinous fossa of scapula
I - Greater tubercle of humerus
A - Abduction, scaption, head stabilization of humerus
Infraspinatus
O - Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I - Greater tubercle of humerus
A - Lateral rotation and extension of humerus
Teres minor
O - upper axillary border of scapula
I - Greater tubercle of humerus
A - Lateral rotation and extension of humerus
Subscapularis
O - Subscapular fossa of scapula
I - Lesser tubercle of humerus
A - Medial rotation and adduction of humerus
Pectoralis major
O - Clavicular head: Medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal head: Cartilages of ribs 1-6, aponeurosis of external obliques
I - Bicipital groove of humerus
A - Adduction, horizontal adduction, medial rotation of humerus
Clavicular head: Synergist in flexion of humerus
Sternocostal head: Extension of humerus (if humerus flexed), assists anterior tilt of scapula
Pectoralis minor
O - Ribs 3, 4, and 5 near costal cartilages
I - Coracoid process of scapula
A - Protraction, depression, medial/downward rotation, anterior tilt of
What are the medial (downward) rotators of the scapula?
- Levator scapula
- Rhomboids
- Pectoralis minor
- Latissimus dorsi
What muscles anteriorly tilt the scapula?
- Pectoralis major (Sternocostal head)
- Pectoralis minor
