Muscles and Articulations of Upper Extremity

Question 1

Name the bones of the shoulder girdle

Answer 1

Scapula
Clavicle
Humerus

Question 2

Name the joints of the shoulder girdle

Answer 2

Acromioclavicular
Sternoclavicular
Glenohumular
Scapulothoracic

Question 3

What are the bony landmarks of this joint sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 3

Manubrium (sternum)

Clavicle

Question 4

What are the muscles that act upon the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 4

No muscles act directly on the joint but muscles that act on the clavicle may cause movement at this joint

• Deltoid
• Pectoralis Major
• Trapezius
• Sternocleidomastoid

Question 5

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 5

Saddle joint - synovial

Question 6

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular?

Answer 6

Plane/gliding joint - synovial

Question 7

What are the bony landmarks of the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 7

Clavicle

Acromion

Question 8

What are the muscles that act upon the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 8

No muscles act directly on the joint but muscles that move the cavicle may cause movement at this joint

• Deltoid
• Pectoralis Major
• Trapezius
• Sternocleidomastoid

Question 9

What type of joint is the scapulothoracic joint?

Answer 9

Not a true synovial joint but it is freely moveable

Question 10

What are the bony landmarks of the scapulothoracic?

Answer 10

Ribs
Scapula
(lateral border
medial border
inferior angle
superior angle
spine of the scapula)

Question 11

What muscles act upon the scapulothoracic joint?

Answer 11

Trapezius
Rhomboid minor and major
Levator scapula
Serratus anterior
Pectoralis minor

Question 12

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 12

Ball and socket - synovial

Question 13

What are the bony landmarks of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 13

Glenoid fossa
Spine of the scapula
Humeral head
Greater tubercle
Lesser tubercle

Question 14

What are the muscles that act upon the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 14

Rotator cuff (bonus: name all four!)
Deltoid
Pectoralis Major
Latissimus Dorsi
Coracobrachialis
Teres Major
Triceps Brachii (long head)
Biceps brachii (short head)

Question 15

What type of joint is the elbow joint? List the two joints as well.

Answer 15

Hinge joint - synovial
Humeroradial
Proximal radioulnar joint

Question 16

Name the bony landmarks of the elbow joint

Answer 16

Humerus:
Trochlea
Radial fossa
Olecranon fossa
Lateral epicondyle
Medial epicondyle
Coronoid fossa
Capitulum
Radius:
Head
Ulna:
Olecranon process
Coronoid process

Question 17

What muscles act upon the elbow joint?

Answer 17

Biceps brachii
Triceps brachii
Brachioradialis
Brachialis
Pronator teres
Supinator
Wrist extensors
Wrist flexors

Question 18

What type of joint is the wrist and hand?

Answer 18

Gliding, condyloid, and saddle joint

Hinge joints in fingers

Question 19

What are the bony landmarks of the hand and wrist?

Answer 19

Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Styloid processes of ulna and radius

Question 20

What are the muscles of the hand and wrist?

Answer 20

Wrist flexors

Wrist extensors

Question 21

Name the action and nerve of the latissimus dorsi.

Answer 21

Action: extends, adducts, and rotates the arm medially at the shoulder joint - draws the arm downward and backward
Nerve: thoracodorsal nerve

Question 22

Name the action and nerve of the teres major.

Answer 22

Lat’s little helper
Action: extends arm at the shoulder joint
assist in adduction and rotation of the arm medially at the shoulder joint
Nerve: subscapular nerve

Question 23

Name the action and nerve of the pectoralis major.

Answer 23

Action: adduct and rotate the arm medially at the shoulder joint - flexion and extension at the shoulder joint
Nerve: lateral pectoral nerve
medial pectoral nerve

Question 24

Name the four muscles of the rotator cuff

Answer 24

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres Minor

Question 25

Name the action and nerve of the supraspinatus

Answer 25

Action: assists deltoid muscles in abducting the arm at the shoulder joint Nerve: Suprascapular nerve

Question 26

Name the action and nerve of the infraspinatus

Answer 26

Action: rotates the arm laterally at the shoulder joint Nerve: Suprascapular nerve

Question 27

Name the action and nerve of the subscapularis

Answer 27

Action: rotates the arm medially at the shoulder joint Nerve: Subscapular nerve

Question 28

Name the action and nerve of the teres minor

Answer 28

Action: rotates the arm laterally and extends the arm at the shoulder joint Nerve: axillary nerve

Question 29

Name the action and nerve of the deltoid

Answer 29

Action: abducts, flexes, extends, and rotates the arm at the shoulder joint Nerve: axillary nerve

Question 30

Name the action and nerve of the coracobrachialis

Answer 30

Action: flexes and adducts the arm at the shoulder joint Nerve: Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 31

Name the action and nerve of the biceps brachii

Answer 31

Action: flexes and supinates forearm Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve

Question 32

Name the action and nerve of the triceps brachii

Answer 32

Action: extends forearm at elbow and extends arm at the shoulder Nerve: radial nerve

Question 33

Name the action and nerve of the brachialis

Answer 33

Action: flexes forearm at the elbow Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve

Question 34

Name the action and nerve of the brachioradialis

Answer 34

Action: flexes the forearm at the elbow Nerve: radial nerve

Question 35

Name the action and nerve of the pronator teres

Answer 35

Action: pronates forearm Nerve: median nerve

Question 36

Name the action and nerve of the supinator

Answer 36

Action: supinates forearm Nerve: posterior interosseus nerve