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Level 3 PT Course YMCA Online > Muscles and Muscle Actions Upper Body > Flashcards

Muscles and Muscle Actions Upper Body Flashcards

(35 cards)

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1
Q
A

Rhomboids

  • between shoulder blades
  • crosses shoulder girdle
  • retracts scapula
  • downwordly rotates scapula
  • origin- spinour process of cervical and thoracic vertebrae c7, t1-t5
  • insertion medial border scapula
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2
Q

Rhomboids

A
  • between shoulder blades
  • crosses shoulder girdle
  • retracts scapula
  • downwordly rotates scapula
  • origin- spinour process of cervical and thoracic vertebrae c7, t1-t5
  • insertion medial border scapula
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3
Q
A

Serratus anterior

  • Sides of ribs
  • crosses shoulder girdle
  • protraction
  • upwardly rotates scapula
  • origin- outer surfaces of first 8 or 9 ribs
  • insertion anterior surface of medial border fo scapula
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4
Q

Serratus Anterior

A
  • Sides of ribs
  • crosses shoulder girdle
  • protraction
  • upwardly rotates scapula
  • origin- outer surfaces of first 8 or 9 ribs
  • insertion anterior surface of medial border fo scapula
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5
Q
A

Levator scapulae

  • back of neck
  • crosses shoulder girdle
  • moves scapula relative to ribcage
  • elevated scapula
  • assists in downward roation of scapula
  • insertion laterally flexes the neck
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6
Q

Levator

A
  • back of neck
  • crosses shoulder girdle
  • moves scapula relative to ribcage
  • elevated scapula
  • assists in downward roation of scapula
  • insertion laterally flexes the neck

origin- transverse process of cervical vertebrae

insertion- media border of scapula between superior angle and root of spine od scapula

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7
Q
A

Pectoralis Minor

  • front of chest beneath pec major
  • crosses shoulder girdle (moves scapula relative to ribcage)
  • pulls shoulder girdle forwards (protraction)
  • downwardly rotates scapula (works as synergist with rhomboids)
  • origin 3,4 5th ribs

insertion- coracoid process of scapula

  • stabilizes shoulder girdle
  • holds scapula forwards during pushing actions
  • often becomes too short and tight which pulls shoulder blade forwards and down
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8
Q

Pectoalis Minor

A
  • front of chest beneath pec major
  • crosses shoulder girdle (moves scapula relative to ribcage)
  • pulls shoulder girdle forwards (protraction)
  • downwardly rotates scapula (works as synergist with rhomboids)
  • origin 3,4 5th ribs

insertion- coracoid process of scapula

  • stabilizes shoulder girdle
  • holds scapula forwards during pushing actions
  • often becomes too short and tight which pulls shoulder blade forwards and down
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9
Q
A

Trapezius

  • between shoulder blades
  • crosses shoulder girdle (moves scapula relative to ribcage)
  • upper fibers raise shoulder girdle (elevation)
  • middle fibers pull shoulder girdle back (retraction)
  • lower fibers pull shoulder girdle down (depression)

whole muscle upwardly rotates scapula (synergist with seratus anterior)

origin- cranium, c7 and thoracic vertebrae

Different fiber directions for upper, middle and lower trapezius allow it to create force in 3 different directions

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10
Q

Trapezius

A
  • between shoulder blades
  • crosses shoulder girdle (moves scapula relative to ribcage)
  • upper fibers raise shoulder girdle (elevation)
  • middle fibers pull shoulder girdle back (retraction)
  • lower fibers pull shoulder girdle down (depression)

whole muscle upwardly rotates scapula (synergist with seratus anterior)

origin- cranium, c7 and thoracic vertebrae

Different fiber directions for upper, middle and lower trapezius allow it to create force in 3 different directions

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11
Q
A

Pectoralis Major

Chest

crosses shoulder

horizontal flexion/adduction of arm

medial rotation of arm (draws arm inward)

arm adduction

lift arm forwards (flexion)

origin- clavicle, sternum and cartilage of ribs 1-6

inserts humerus

different fiber directions allow arm to move in different directions

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12
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Chest

crosses shoulder

horizontal flexion/adduction of arm

medial rotation of arm (draws arm inward)

arm adduction

lift arm forwards (flexion)

origin- clavicle, sternum and cartilage of ribs 1-6

inserts humerus

different fiber directions allow arm to move in different directions

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13
Q
A

Latissimus Dorsi

back

crosses shoulder

draws arm back and down (extension)

draws arm down and to side (adduction)

turns arm inwards (medial rotation)

assists in depression of scapula (through action on humerus)

origin- thoracolumbar fascia from c7-c12, lumbar vertebrae and iliac crest, lower 4 ribs and angle of scapula

insertion humerus

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14
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

back

crosses shoulder

draws arm back and down (extension)

draws arm down and to side (adduction)

turns arm inwards (medial rotation)

assists in depression of scapula (through action on humerus)

origin- thoracolumbar fascia from c7-c12, lumbar vertebrae and iliac crest, lower 4 ribs and angle of scapula

insertion humerus

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15
Q
A

Teres Major

back, just beneath shoulder blade

crosses shoulder

draws arm down into the side (adduction)

draws arm back and down (extension)

turns arm inwards (medial rotation)

origin- inferior angle of scapula

insertion -humerus

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16
Q

Teres Major

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A

back, just beneath shoulder blade

crosses shoulder

draws arm down into the side (adduction)

draws arm back and down (extension)

turns arm inwards (medial rotation)

origin- inferior angle of scapula

insertion -humerus

17
Q
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A

Deltoid

Shoulder

Crosses shoulder

-anterior fibers lift arm forwards and across body (flexion and horiz flex)

medial fibers lift arm to the side (adbuction)

posterior fibers pull arm back and behind body (extension and horis exte)

origin clavicle, acromin process and spine of scapula

insertion humerus

18
Q

Deltoid

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A

Shoulder

Crosses shoulder

-anterior fibers lift arm forwards and across body (flexion and horiz flex)

medial fibers lift arm to the side (adbuction)

posterior fibers pull arm back and behind body (extension and horis exte)

origin clavicle, acromin process and spine of scapula

insertion humerus

19
Q
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A

Supraspinatus

on shoulder blade

crosses shoulder

assits deltoid in lifting the arm to the side

stabilizes the shoulder joint

origin- posterior surface of scapula

insertion- head of humerus

20
Q

Supraspinatus

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A

on shoulder blade

crosses shoulder

assits deltoid in lifting the arm to the side

stabilizes the shoulder joint

origin- posterior surface of scapula

insertion- head of humerus

21
Q
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A

Infraspinatus

on shoulder blade

crosses shoulder

turns arm outwards (lateral rotation)

stabilizes shoulder joint

origin- posterior surface of scapula

insertion- head of humerus

22
Q

Infraspinatus

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A

on shoulder blade

crosses shoulder

turns arm outwards (lateral rotation)

stabilizes shoulder joint

origin- posterior surface of scapula

insertion- head of humerus

23
Q
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A

Teres Minor

on the shoulder blase

crosses shoulder

turns arm outwards- lateral rotation

stabilizes shoulder joint

origin- posterior surface of scapula

insertion- head of humerus

24
Q

Teres Minor

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A

on the shoulder blase

crosses shoulder

turns arm outwards- lateral rotation

stabilizes shoulder joint

origin- posterior surface of scapula

insertion- head of humerus

25
Subscapularis on the shoulder blade crosses shoulder turns arm inwards (medial rotation) stabilizes joint origin- anterior surface of scapula insertion- head of humerus
26
Subscapularis
on the shoulder blade crosses shoulder turns arm inwards (medial rotation) stabilizes joint origin- anterior surface of scapula insertion- head of humerus
27
4 muscles of the rotator cuff
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
28
Biceps Brachii front of upper arm crosses elbow and shoulder bends elbow (flexion) turns forearm hand up (supination) assists in raising arm to front (shoulder flexion) origin- scapula insertion- radius
29
Biceps Brachii
front of upper arm crosses elbow and shoulder bends elbow (flexion) turns forearm hand up (supination) assists in raising arm to front (shoulder flexion) origin- scapula insertion- radius
30
Brachialis front of upper arm crosses elbow bends the elbow- flexion origin- humerus insertion- ulna
31
Brachialis
front of upper arm crosses elbow bends the elbow- flexion origin- humerus insertion- ulna
32
Brachioadalis forearm crosses elbow bends elbow- flexion origin- humerus insertion- radius
33
Brachiodalis
forearm crosses elbow bends elbow- flexion origin- humerus insertion- radius
34
Triceps Brachii back of upper arm crosses elbow and shoulder straightens elbow (extension) assists in drawing arm down and to the side (extension and adduction) origin- scapula insertion- ulna
35
Triceps Brachii
back of upper arm crosses elbow and shoulder straightens elbow (extension) assists in drawing arm down and to the side (extension and adduction) origin- scapula insertion- ulna

Level 3 PT Course YMCA Online (11 decks)

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