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Human Structure and Function 3 > Muscles and naming them > Flashcards

Muscles and naming them Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles and naming them

What characteristics influences the naming of muscles?

A

Firection of fibres

Location (to a body part)

Number of origins

Size (compared to other muscles in the same group)

Shape

Action/function

Attachment

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2
Q

Muscles and naming them

What does the cep prefix in muscle naming mean?

A

Head

Referring to number of origins

Bicep - 2 heads

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3
Q

Muscles and naming them

What is a triangular muscle named?

A

A deltoid muscle

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4
Q

Muscles and naming them

What is a slender muscle named?

A

A gracilis muscle

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5
Q

Muscles and naming them

Large muscle

A

Maximus

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6
Q

Muscles and naming them

Intermediately sized muscle

A

Medius

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7
Q

Muscles and naming them

Small sized muscle

A

Minimus

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8
Q

Muscles and naming them

Short muscles name

A

Brevis

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9
Q

Muscles and naming them

Long muscle name

A

Longus

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10
Q

The Skeletomuscular system

Sternocluidomastoideus

A

Contraction of both sternocluidomastoideus muscles will flex the head

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12
Q

The Skeletomuscular system

Masseter

A

One of the major chewing muscles

Contraction of the masseter elevates the jaw

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13
Q

Muscles and naming them

Origins and insertions of the masseter

A

Origin of the masseter if the zygomatic arch

Insertion is on the mandible

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14
Q

Muscles and naming them

Origins and insertions of sternocleidomastoideus

A

Two origins

  • Sternum manubrium
  • Clavical

Insertion is on the mastoid process of the skull

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15
Q

Muscles and naming them

Temporalis

A

Another chewing muscle

Attaches to side of skull

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16
Q

Muscles and naming them

Trapezius

A

Large muscle in the upper back

Causes the head to extend and move the scapula when it contracts

The way the scapula moves depends on which part contracts

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17
Q

Muscles and naming them

Where does the trapezius attach?

A

Skull

Shoulder

Vertebrae

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18
Q

Muscles and naming them

What causes the humerous to move?

A

When the latissimus dorsi contracts

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19
Q

Muscles and naming them

Origins and insertions of the latissimus dorsi

A

Origins

  • Vertebrae
  • Ribs
  • Scapula

Instertion

  • Humerous
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20
Q

Muscles and naming them

Deltoid

A

Covers the shoulder

Shaped like a delta

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21
Q

Muscles and naming them

What happens when the deltoid contracts?

A

Adducts the arm

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22
Q

Muscles and naming them

Origins and insertions of the deltoid

A

Origins

  • Scapula
  • Clavical

Instertion

  • Deltoid tuberosity of the humerous
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23
Q

Muscles and naming them

What happens if only the anterior fibres of the deltoid contract?

A

The arm is flexed

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24
Q

Muscles and naming them

What happens when the posterior fibres of the deltoid are contracted?

A

The arm will extend?

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25
Q

Muscles and naming them

What can happen when the pectoralis major contracts?

A

Arm flexes

Adducts arm

Rotate arm medially

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26
# Muscles and naming them Where is the biceps brachii located?
Anterior side of the upper arm
27
# Muscles and naming them Origins and insertions of the pectorali major
**Origins** * Clavicle * Sternum **Instertion** * The greater tubercle of the humerous
28
# Muscles and naming them Origins and insertions of the biceps brachii
**Origins** * Coracoid process * Glenoid cavity **Instertion** * Radial tuberosity
29
# Muscles and naming them What happens when the rectus abdominus contracts?
Flexes the abdomen
30
# Muscles and naming them Origins and insertions of the triceps brachii
**Origins** * Two on the back of the humerous * One on the scapula **Instertion** * Olecranon
31
# Muscles and naming them Origins and insertions of the rectus abdominus
**Origins** * Pubis **Instertion** * Xiphoid process of the sternum * Cartilage of the ribs
32
# Muscles and naming them External oblique * What it does * Position
Compresses abdomen It's muscle fibres run oblique across the abdomen
33
# Muscles and naming them Roles of the intercostal ribs in breathing
34
# Muscles and naming them Muscles in the forearm
Flexor carpi Extensor carpi Flexor digitorum Extensor digitorum
35
# Muscles and naming them What muscle in the forearm flexes the wrist?
Flexor carpi
36
# Muscles and naming them Which muscle in the forearm extends the wrist?
Extensor carpi
37
# Muscles and naming them Which muscle in the forearm flexes the fingers?
Flexor digitorum
38
# Muscles and naming them Which muscle in the forearm extends the fingers?
Extensor digitorum
39
# Muscles and naming them Which muscle causes the arm to be in a pronate position?
Pronator
40
# Muscles and naming them Which muscle causes the arm to be in a supinate position?
Supinator
41
# Muscles and naming them What muscle groups provide the bulk of your hand?
Thenar muscles Hypothenar muscles
42
# Muscles and naming them What does the gluteus maximus do?
Extends and rotates thigh laterally
43
# Muscles and naming them What are the quadriceps muscles?
44
# Muscles and naming them Origins and insertions of the gluteus maximus
**Origins** * Ilium * Sacrum * Coccyx **Instertion** * Gluteal tuberosity of the femur
45
# Muscles and naming them What does the quadriceps do?
Acts as extensors of the knee joint
46
# Muscles and naming them Gracilis (everything)
Adducts and flexes thigh On the medial side of the thigh
47
# Muscles and naming them What does the satorius do?
Flexes thigh Rotates thigh laterally
48
# Muscles and naming them Biceps femoris (everything)
A hamstring muscle **Originates:** * Ischial tuberosity **Inserts:** * Tibia * Fibula
49
# Muscles and naming them Origins and insertions of the sartorius
**Origins** * Anteroior superior iliac spine of the ilium **Instertion** * Medial side of tibia
50
# Muscles and naming them What muscles make up the calf muscle?
Gastrocnemius Soleus
51
# Muscles and naming them Where does the Achilles tendon insert?
Into the heel bone (calcaneus)
52
# Muscles and naming them Where does the calf muscle end?
It merges with the Achilles tendon
53
# Muscles and naming them What muscle dorsiflexes and inverts the foot?
Tibialis anterior
54
# Muscles and naming them When do you have ultrasound scans during pregnancy?
8-12 weeks 18-22 weeks
55
# Muscles and naming them What is the scan at 8-12 weeks for?
Dating the child
56
# Muscles and naming them What is the scan at 18-22 weeks for?
Checking for any abnormalities
57
# Muscles and naming them Ultrasound
Uses reflected sound Small and cheap Gives real time moving image Cannot view through bone or air
58
# Muscles and naming them Magnetic resonance image (MRI)
Uses magnetic fields to look inside the body Huge and expensive Get a static picture Can see through bone and air
59
# Muscles and naming them fMRI
Measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow Uses Blood-oxygen-level dependant (BOLD) contrast Presents results graphically by colour coding regions according to their activity
60
# Muscles and naming them How does blood oxygenation vary in the brain?
Levels of blood oxygenation linked to levels of neural activity
61
# Muscles and naming them Muscle cramps
Hyperexcitability of the somatic motor neurone controlling a muscle Stretching relieves cramp by sending sensory information to CNS to inhibit the motor neurones
62
# Muscles and naming them Muscle overuse
Results in muscle fatigue Trauma may also cause tearing of the tissue
63
# Muscles and naming them Muscle disuse
Results in muscle atrophy Blood supply to muscle dimishes Muscle fibre gets smaller Atropy longer than a year is permanent

Human Structure and Function 3 (6 decks)

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