Muscles: Lower Body

Question 0

External abdominal oblique

Answer 0

Muscles going down at an angle. (Hands in pockets) more superficial than internal abdominal obliques.
Action: compresses abdomen

Question 1

Rectus abdominis

Answer 1

Vertical muscles that make up a six pack

Action: flexes torso O: pubic symphysis I: xiphoid process

Question 2

Internal abdominal oblique

Answer 2

Muscles that go upward toward rectus abdominis. Deeper than external abdominal obliques.
Action: Compresses abdomen.

Question 3

Transversus abdominis

Answer 3

Horizontal muscles going across abdomen. More deep.

Action: Compresses abdomen.

Question 4

Linea alba

Answer 4

Fibrous strip that connects left and right rectus sheaths. On abdomen.

Question 5

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 5

Big muscle on butt.

Action: extends hip O: ilium

Question 6

Gluteus medius

Answer 6

Biggest triangle of muscle on hip. Most superior.

Action: Abducts hip O: ilium I: greater trochanter of femur

Question 7

Gluteus minimus

Answer 7

Hip muscle deep under gluteus medius.

Action: abducts hip. O: ilium I: greater trochanter of femur

Question 8

Piriformis

Answer 8

Second biggest triangle of muscle on hip. (Muscle is split on cadaver)
Action: lateral rotation of thigh I: greater trochanter of femur

Question 9

Gemellus superior

Answer 9

One of three smaller triangle muscles in hip. Most superior.
Action: lateral rotation of thigh O: ischium I: greater trochanter of femur

Question 10

Obturator internus

Answer 10

Middle hip muscle of three smaller triangle muscles.

Action: lateral rotation of thigh O: ischium I: greater trochanter of femur

Question 11

Gemellus inferior

Answer 11

Most inferior hip muscle of three smaller triangle muscles.

Action: lateral rotation of thigh O: ischium I: greater trochanter of femur

Question 12

Quadratus femoris

Answer 12

Most inferior muscle of the hip muscles. “Square” muscle.

Action: lateral rotation of thigh

Question 13

Sciatic nerve

Answer 13

Main nerve of leg in between Piriformis and gemellus superior.
Refers collectively to the tibial and fibular nerves.

Question 14

Femoral tirangle

Answer 14

Anterior region by groin. Bounded by inguinal ligament, sartorius, and adductor longus, contains the femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein and lymphatics.

Question 15

Popliteal fossa

Answer 15

Posterior cavity of space on the back of the knee. Contains sciatic nerve (and branches), popliteal artery and popliteal vein.

Question 16

Tensor facsiae latae

Answer 16

Superiorish muscle on leg on lateral side. Superficial. Close to head of femur.

Question 17

Iliotibial band

Answer 17

Band of tissue all across lateral side of leg.

Question 18

Sartorius

Answer 18

Longest muscle in the body. Medial to the leg. Superficial.

Action: laterally rotates hip

Question 19

Iliopsoas

Answer 19

Long leg muscle that connects to the lesser trochanter of femur and goes into the abdomin/spine. Can be seen on medial side of upper leg. Small portion of it is seen. Superior to pectineus.
Action: flexes hip I: lesser trochanter of femur

Question 20

Pectineus

Answer 20

Next to and more superior to adductor longus. Medial side of leg.
Action: adducts hip

Question 21

Gracilis

Answer 21

Most medial muscle on leg.

Action: adducts hip

Question 22

Adductor longus

Answer 22

Anterior to gracilis. In between pectineus and gracilis.

Action: adducts hip

Question 23

Adductor magnus

Answer 23

Posterior to gracilis.

Action: adducts hip

Question 24

Adductor brevis

Answer 24

Directly underneath adductor longus Action: adducts hip

Question 25

Biceps femoris - long head

Answer 25

Muscle on posterior and lateral side. A hamstring. More superficial than short head. Action: flexes knee; extends hip O: ishcial tuberosity I: head of fibula

Question 26

Biceps femoris - short head

Answer 26

A hamstring on lateral and posterior side. Deeper than long head Action: flexes knee O: femur I: head of fibula

Question 27

Semitendinosus

Answer 27

Hamstring on posterior of leg. Medial hamstring and more superficial than the semimembranosus. Action: flexes knee; extends hip O: ishcial tuberosity I: tibia

Question 28

Semimembranosus

Answer 28

Hamstring on posterior of leg. Deeper than the semitendinosus. Action: flexes knee; extends hip O: ishcial tuberosity I: tibia

Question 29

Quadriceps femoris rectus femoris

Answer 29

Anterior quad muscle on leg. Most anterior. Superficial to q.f. vastus intermedius. Action: extends knee I: tibial tuberosity

Question 30

Quadriceps femoris vastus lateralis

Answer 30

Quad muscle on leg. Anterior on leg. On lateral side. Next to q.f. Rectus femoris. Action: extends knee I: tibial tuberosity

Question 31

Quadriceps femoris vastus medialis

Answer 31

Anterior quad on leg. Next to q.f. rectus femoris. Lateral on leg. Action: extends knee I: tibial tuberosity

Question 32

Quadriceps femoris vastus intermedius

Answer 32

Directly underneath the q.f. rectus femoris. Anterior but deep. Action: extends knee I: tibial tuberosity

Question 33

Tibialis anterior

Answer 33

Most anterior muscle. Can be seen on lateral and sometimes medial sides. Action: dorsiflexes foot

Question 34

Extensor hallucis longus

Answer 34

Small muscle by tibialis anterior and slightly under extensor digitorum longus. Lateral side. Action: extends big toe I: first phalanx

Question 35

Extensor digitorum longus

Answer 35

Lateral side of leg. Next to tibialis anterior and fibularis longus. Action: extends toes #2-5 I: phalanges 2-5

Question 36

Fibularis brevis

Answer 36

Lateral side of leg. Under fibularis longus. Muscle fibers kind of go in a different different direction than fibularis longus. Deeper. Action: everts foot

Question 37

Gastrocnemius

Answer 37

Most posterior calf muscle. Attaches to the Achilles' tendon. Action: plantar flexes foot; flexes knee O: condyles of femur I: calcaneus bone

Question 38

Soleus

Answer 38

Deeper than the gastrocnemius. Part of the calf muscle and attaches to the Achilles' tendon. Action: plantar flexes foot I: calcaneus bone

Question 39

Calcaneal tendon

Answer 39

Aka Achilles' tendon. Combined tendons of gastrocnemius and Soleus. By ankle.

Question 40

Tibialis posterior

Answer 40

Muscle under gastrocnemius and soleus. In the middle of the leg on tibia. Action: plantar flexes foot

Question 41

Flexor digitorum longus

Answer 41

Muscle on medial inside of foot. Next to tibialis posterior. Deeper than flexor hallicus longus. Inferior to popliteus Action: flexes toes I: phalanges 2-5

Question 42

Popliteus

Answer 42

By knee on medial side. Muscle fibers going at a downward angle. Superior to flexor digitorum longus.

Question 43

Extensor retinaculum

Answer 43

Thickened fascia that binds tendons in place as they cross the ankle. Y shaped on foot.

Question 44

Fibularis longus

Answer 44

Seems to be most lateral muscle on leg. On top of fibularis brevis. Action: everts foot

Question 45

Flexor hallicus longus

Answer 45

Underneath the tibialis posterior directly on tibia bone. | Action: flexes big toe. I: first phalanx