Muscles of the femoral region

Question 1

anterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 1

quadriceps femoris
iliopsoas - psoas major, illiacus
sartorius
tensor fasciae latae

Question 2

all except which muscle of the anterior compartment of the thigh is innervated by the femoral nerve

Answer 2

tensor fasciae latae

Question 3

where does the iliopsoas pass deep into

Answer 3

inguinal ligament

Question 4

iliopsoas consists of what muscles

Answer 4

iliacus

psoas major

Question 5

iliacus origin

Answer 5

anterior surface of iliac crest

Question 6

origin of psoas major

Answer 6

– lumbar vertebral column
and discs (T12-L5)

Question 7

insertion of both iliacus and psoas major - iliopsoas

Answer 7

Lesser trochanter

Question 8

action of iliopsoas (iliacus and psoas major)

Answer 8

Flexes thigh at hip (most powerful hip

flexor)

Question 9

origin of sartorius

Answer 9

Anterior superior iliac spine

Question 10

insertion of sartorius

Answer 10

Tibia (inferomedial to tibial tuberosity)

Question 11

action of sartorius

Answer 11

Flexes (primarily), abducts & laterally
rotates thigh at hip
Flexes leg at knee

Question 12

Say Grace before Tea

Answer 12

Sartorius, Gracilis, SemiTendinosus

Question 13

origin of tensor fasciae latae

Answer 13

Anterior superior iliac spine

Question 14

insertion of fasciae latae

Answer 14

Iliotibial tract (lateral condyle of the tibia)

Question 15

action of tensor fasciae latae

Answer 15

Flexes, abducts, med rotates thigh at hip

Tenses fascia lata

Question 16

innervation of tensor fasciae latae

Answer 16

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 17

quadratus femoris

Answer 17

Rectus femoris

2. Vastus medialis
3. Vastus intermedius
4. Vastus lateralis

Question 18

testing quadriceps

Answer 18

Apply one hand to post aspect of thigh & other slightly superior to ankle
– Extend leg against practitioner’s resistance
– Watch for individual leaning backward & recruiting hip flexors or exclusively using rectus femoris

Question 19

origin rectus femoris

Answer 19

Anterior inferior iliac spine

Question 20

insertion of rectus femoris

Answer 20

Quadriceps Femoris Tendon

Question 21

action of rectus femoris

Answer 21

Flexes thigh at hip

Extends leg at knee

Question 22

origin of -Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Vastus intermedius

Answer 22

femur

Question 23

insertion of -Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Vastus intermedius

Answer 23

Quadriceps Femoris tendon

Question 24

action of -Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Vastus intermedius

Answer 24

Extends leg at the knee

Question 25

mechanism of injury o patellar dislocation

Answer 25

by direct blow or sudden twist of leg

Question 26

treatment of patellar dislocation

Answer 26

Manual reposition by extending leg or orthopedic reduction – Swelling & impaired mobility – Rehabilitation 6-16 wks

Question 27

mechanism of injury from patellar fracture

Answer 27

usually from hard blow | to front of knee

Question 28

treatment of patellar fracture

Answer 28

``` Nondisplaced fracture: 4-6 wks immobilization in cast • Displaced fracture: surgical treatment followed by quadriceps strengthening ```

Question 29

muscles of medial compartment of the thigh

Answer 29

``` Pectineus • Gracilis • Obturator Externus • Adductor (3) • Brevis • Longus • Magnus ```

Question 30

all except what muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh is innervated by the obturatur nerve

Answer 30

Pectineus and ½ Adductor Magnus

Question 31

origin of pectineus

Answer 31

Pectineal line of pubis

Question 32

insertion of pectineus

Answer 32

Oblique line of the proximal | femur

Question 33

action of pectineus

Answer 33

Adducts, lateral rotates, | flexes thigh at hip

Question 34

origin of gracilis

Answer 34

Inferior pubic ramus

Question 35

insertion of gracilis

Answer 35

Proximal shaft of tibia

Question 36

action of gracilis

Answer 36

Adducts thigh at hip • Flexes leg at knee • Medially rotates leg

Question 37

origin of obturator externus

Answer 37

Obturator membrane

Question 38

insertion of obturator externus

Answer 38

Trochanteric fossa

Question 39

action of obturator externus

Answer 39

* Laterally rotates thigh at hip | * Stabilises femur in acetabulum

Question 40

origin of adductor brevis

Answer 40

Body of pubis and inferior | pubic ramus

Question 41

insertion of adductor brevis

Answer 41

Proximal femur and upper 1/3 | of linea aspera

Question 42

origin of adductor longus

Answer 42

Body of pubis

Question 43

insertion of adductor longus

Answer 43

½ way down the femur

Question 44

origin of adductor magnus

Answer 44

* Ischiopubic ramus | * Ischial tuberosity

Question 45

insertion of adductor magnus

Answer 45

Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line and adductor tubercle

Question 46

action of the anterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 46

flexion of thigh at hip | extension of leg at knee

Question 47

action of medial compartment of the thigh

Answer 47

adduction of the thigh at the hip

Question 48

boundaries of the femoral triangle

Answer 48

``` Lateral: medial border of Sartorius – Medial: medial border of Adductor longus – Superior: Inguinal Ligament ```

Question 49

mnemonic device to remember boundaries of femoral triangle

Answer 49

“SAIL” for – Sartorius, – Adductor longus – Inguinal Ligament

Question 50

floor femoral triangle

Answer 50

Iliopsoas (laterally) – Pectineus & adductor longus (medially)

Question 51

roof of femoral triangle

Answer 51

fascia lata

Question 52

contents of femoral triangle

Answer 52

``` Terminal part of femoral Nerve • Femoral Artery • Femoral Vein • Empty space • Lymphatics ```

Question 53

what structure is not contained in femoral sheath

Answer 53

femoral nerve

Question 54

femoral canal contains

Answer 54

``` : lymphatics embedded in loose (fatty) connective tissue ```

Question 55

femoral canal allows for

Answer 55

expansion of femoral | vein

Question 56

entrance of the femoral canal

Answer 56

femoral ring

Question 57

boundaries of femoral ring

Answer 57

* Anterior: inguinal ligament * Lateral: femoral vein * Medial: lacunar ligament * Posterior: pectineal ligament

Question 58

femoral hernia

Answer 58

Protrusion of abdominal contents through the femoral ring into the femoral canal

Question 59

clinical diagnosis of femoral hernia

Answer 59

Swelling below & lateral to pubic | tubercle

Question 60

what blood vessels supply the thigh

Answer 60

``` branches of the femoral artery • Medial circumflex femoral artery • Lateral circumflex femoral artery • Perforating branches (~ 4) that pass through adductor magnus to supply back of thigh ```

Question 61

blood supply of the anterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 61

Deep Femoral (profunda femoris) Artery

Question 62

blood supply of the medial compartment of thigh

Answer 62

Obturator Artery

Question 63

superficial venous drainage of the lower limb

Answer 63

Great Saphenous

Question 64

deep venous drainage of the lower limb

Answer 64

Femoral Vein

Question 65

complication of deep vein thrombosis

Answer 65

pulmonary occlusion - caused by DVT travelling through circulatory system & entering pulmonary circulation), can result in cardiopulmonary arrest

Question 66

deep venous thrombosis

Answer 66

Clot that prevents circulation from | continuing – Leads to swelling in peripheral tissues

Question 67

varicose veins of the leg

Answer 67

leaflets of valves no longer meet properly • blood can accumulate in superficial veins

Question 68

where are varicose veins most common

Answer 68

superficial veins of the leg | high pressure when standing

Question 69

signs and symptoms of varicose veins

Answer 69

Varicose veins are painful & lead to | leg swelling, skin thickening, ulceration

Question 70

treatment of varicose veins

Answer 70

vein obliteration, support | stockings, elevating legs, exercise

Question 71

2 types of lymphatics in lower limb

Answer 71

Superficial inguinal nodes Deep inguinal nodes

Question 72

superficial inguinal nodes drain

Answer 72

drain to the external | iliac nodes

Question 73

deep inguinal nodes drains

Answer 73

interconnect with the superficial inguinal nodes.

Question 74

femoral nerve is responsible for the motor innervation of what muscles

Answer 74

Sartorius – Pectineus – Quadriceps

Question 75

femoral nerve is responsible for the sensory innervation of

Answer 75

Skin - anterior thigh

Question 76

obturator nerve is responsible for the motor innervation of what muscles

Answer 76

Adductor longus – Gracilis – Adductor brevis – Adductor Magnus

Question 77

obturator nerve is responsible for the sensory innervation of what muscles

Answer 77

Skin - upper medial thigh