Scapula and Shoulder

Question 1

joint classification

Answer 1

fibrous

cartilaginous - primary and secondary

Question 2

fibrous joint

Answer 2

joint made of fibrous tissue 0 collagen

Question 3

examples of fibrous joint

Answer 3

Sutures between skull bones

Inferior tibiofibular joint syndesmosis

Question 4

structure and example of primary cartilaginous joint

Answer 4

Bone – Hyaline Cartilage – Bone
Very strong
e.g., 1st Costosternal joint, growth plate between two ossifying ends of a bone

Question 5

structure and example of secondary cartilaginous joint

Answer 5

Bone – Hyaline Cartilage – Fibrocartilagenous Disk –Hyaline Cartilage – Bone
Articular surfaces of bone are covered in hyaline cartilage & united by fibrocartilage
e.g., Pubic Symphysis, vertebral bodies

Question 6

main features of synovial joints

Answer 6

Hyaline Articular Cartilage
Capsule
Joint Cavity
Synovial Membrane
Ligaments
Movement

Question 7

pectoral girdle

Answer 7

Clavicle & Scapula

Question 8

if the clavicle breaks where would there be a pull

Answer 8

pull of sternocleidomastoid

pull of pectoralis major

Question 9

list shoulder joints

Answer 9

superior glenohumeral ligament
middle glenohumeral ligament
tendon of long head of biceps brachii
inferior glenohumeral ligament
redundant capsule
superior acromial clavicular join
acromial. clavicular joint
coraco-acromial ligament
coracoclavicular ligament - trapezoid ligament, conoid ligament

Question 10

what muscle attaches to the superior facet of the humerus

Answer 10

supraspinatus

Question 11

what muscle attaches to the middle facet of the humerus

Answer 11

infraspinatus

Question 12

what muscle attaches to the inferior facet of the humerus

Answer 12

teres minor

Question 13

nerve supply of supraspinatus

Answer 13

suprascapular nerve

Question 14

nerve supply of infraspinatus

Answer 14

suprascapular nerve

Question 15

nerve supply of teres minor

Answer 15

axillary nerve

Question 16

nerve supply of subscapularis

Answer 16

subscapular nerves

Question 17

where is the most common form of shoulder dislocation

Answer 17

DISCLOCATION Anterior –Inferiormost common

Question 18

possible nerve damage of shoulder dislocation

Answer 18

Muscular/cutaneous

Question 19

bursae

Answer 19

fluid filled pouches

Question 20

function of bursae

Answer 20

Reduce friction between bone and soft tissue

Question 21

location of bursae

Answer 21

Occur between bone and tendons or bone and skin

Question 22

movements of scapula

Answer 22

elevation
depression 
protraction
retraction
flexion
extension
abduction
adduction
medial and lateral rotation

Question 23

muscles involved in protraction

Answer 23

pectoralis minor

serratus anterior

Question 24

muscles involved in retraction

Answer 24

rhomboids
middle trapezius
latissimus dorsi

Question 25

superficial muscles of shoulder

Answer 25

Deltoid trapezius Serratus anterior

Question 26

front muscles involved in flexion of shoulder

Answer 26

Pectoralis major (clavicular part) Deltoid (anterior part)

Question 27

muscles involved in extension of shoulder

Answer 27

Latissimus dorsi Deltoid (posterior fibres) Teres major, Triceps

Question 28

muscles involved in abduction of shoulder

Answer 28

Supraspinatus(0-15°) Deltoid(15-90°) *(Trapezius & serratus anterior: scapular rotation)

Question 29

muscles involved in adduction of shoulder

Answer 29

``` Pectoralis major (sternal part) Latissimus dorsi Also teres major ```

Question 30

muscles involved in medial rotations

Answer 30

Subscapularis Teres major Pectoralis major

Question 31

muscles involved in lateral rotations

Answer 31

Infraspinatus Teres minor Posterior deltoid