Muscles Of The Lower Limb Flashcards

(38 cards)

1
Q

Iliopsoas

What is it?

A

Flexors of the hip

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2
Q

Mention the 3 muscles found in the iliopsoas

A

1) psoas major
2) psoas minor
3) iliacus

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3
Q

Which muscle is involved in maintaining upright posture?

A

Psoas major

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4
Q

What do the gluteal muscles do?

A

Extend and rotate the hip

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5
Q

Mention the 3 gluteal muscles

A

1) gluteus maximus
2) gluteus medius
3) gluteus minimus

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6
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A

Lateral hip muscle - frequently visible and palpable flexor and medial rotator of the hip joint.

Inserts into this fibrous band, tensing it.

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7
Q

Mention the 6 deep lateral rotator muscles

A

1) Piriformis
2) Obturator internus
3) Obturator externus
4) Quadratus femoris
5) Gemellus superior
6) Gemellus inferior

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8
Q

What does the quadriceps femoris do?

A

Extends the knee joint and help stabilize the knee

Global mobilizers

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9
Q

What does the sartorius muscle do?

A

Flexes the knee and hip

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10
Q

Mention the four heads of the quadriceps femoris

A

1) rectus femoris
2) vastus lateralis
3) vastus intermedius
4) vastus medialis

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11
Q

Mention the Medial thigh muscles

A

1) adductors
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus

2) gracilis

3) pectineus

4) obturator externus

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12
Q

What do the medial thigh muscles do?

A

Adduct & rotate the hip

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13
Q

Posterior thigh - what do the hamstrings do?

A

Knee flexion & thigh extension

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14
Q

Mention the 3 hamstring muscles

A

1) semimembranosus (medial)
2) semitendinosus
3) biceps femoris (lateral)

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15
Q

What do the Muscles of the anterior lower leg do?

A

Dorsiflex the ankle

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16
Q

Mention the muscles of the anterior lower leg

A

1) tibialis anterior
2) extensor digitorum longus - extends toe 2-5
3) extensor hallucis longus - extends big toe
4) Fibularis (peroneus) tertius

17
Q

What do the muscles of the lower lateral leg do?

A

Plantarflex and evert the foot while stabilizing the ankle

18
Q

Mention the two muscles of the lower lateral leg

A

1) fibularis (peroneus) longus
2) fibularis (peroneus) brevis

19
Q

What do the superficial lower posterior muscles do?

A

Plantarflex the foot

20
Q

Mention the superficial lower posterior muscles

A

1) gastrocnemius (activated when rising on heels)
2) soleus (activated when knee is bent and heels are raised like foot series)
3) plantaris
4) achillis tendon

21
Q

What do the deep muscles of the posterior leg do?

A

Plantarflex and invert the foot

22
Q

Mention the 4 deep muscles of the lower posterior leg

A

1) popliteus - rotates the leg
2) tibialis posterior
3) flexor digitorum longus - flex toes
4) flexor hallucis longus - flex toes

23
Q

What do the dorsum or extensor muscles of the foot do?

24
Q

Mention the dorsal surface muscles

A

1) extensor digitorum brevis
2) extensor hallucis brevis

25
Mention the plantar layer 1 muscles of the foot
Flex & abduct toes 1) abductor hallucis 2) abductor digiti minimi 3) flexor digitorum brevis
26
Mention the 2nd layer of the foot
1) quadratus plantae 2) lumbricals
27
Mention the muscles of the third plantar layer of the foot
1) flexor hallucis brevis 2) adductor hallucis 3) flexor digiti minimi brevis 4) opponens digiti minimi
28
Mention the muscles of 4th layer of the foot (deepest?
- plantar interossei - dorsal interossei
29
VMO
Vastus Medialis Oblique Muscles that straighten and stabilize the knee
30
What muscles are used for hip flexion?
PSOAS Rectus femoris Iliacus Pectineus Sartorius
31
What muscles are use for shoulder flexion?
- Anterior Deltoid - coracobrachialis - pectoralis major
32
Muscles used in knee extension
Quadriceps group (Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis)
33
What muscles are used in radial deviation?
Carpi radialis
34
Muscles used in shoulder abduction
Supraspinatus Deltoid Trapezius Serratus anterior
35
Muscles used in external rotation
- Gluteus max & medius - piriformis - gemellus inferior - psoas major
36
Muscles used for thoracic rotation
- internal & external obliques
37
Muscles used in back extension
Erector spinae
38
What is the largest muscle in the body?
The sartorius