Muscular Flashcards
(24 cards)
nonmuscular movement wherein plasmagel turns into plasmosol, which goes to pseudopod (false feet)
amoeboid movement
what performs amoeboid movement?
protozoa (amoeba, protists, WBC, mesenchyme)
wavelike ondulation and whiplike locomotion powered by ATP
flagellar movement
what performs flagellar movement?
mastigophora & unicellular protists (euglena, sperm, sponge)
hairlike extension of movement
ciliary movement
what performs ciliary movement?
ciliophora (paramecium, large flatworms, proboscis worms)
what initiates movement in invertebrates?
exoskeleton (skeletal muscles follow)
snaps shut valves (shells) upon disturbance
striated muscles
slow and long-lasting contractions to keep valves shut
smooth/adductor muscle
alternate contraction of longitudinal and circular muscles
pedal locomotion
what performs pedal locomotion?
planaria, snails, flatworms, earthworms, nemertine worms
contraction of longitudinal muscles that create arch shape, use anterior and posterior suckers to attach to substrate
looping movement
what uses looping movement?
leeches, insect larvae, caterpillars
multiple limbs that move alternatively
parapodia
what does parapodia?
polychaete worms
use tube feet, muscles in ampullae contract to drive water in feet and extend via hydraulic pressure
water-vascular system
use limbs (flexible joint/tendon/muscle attached to rigid cuticle)
walking
walk forward by rotating basal joints
lobsters, spiders, insects
walk sideways by extending and lowering limb joints
crabs
rapidly oscillating fibrillar muscles
flight
what does flight?
flies, mosquitoes
long muscular legs exert force against ground for a takeoff velocity greater than weight
jumping
what jumps?
fleas, grasshoppers
muscles of fishes, wherein contraction causes lateral undulation of trunk and tail
myomeres
