MUSCULAR SYSTEM

Question 1

Number of skeletal muscles in your body

Answer 1

640 skeletal muscles

Question 2

Muscles never what?

Answer 2

Muscles never push, they always pull

Question 3

> > MUSCLES ARE ACTUALLY PULLING THIER
INSERTIONS TOWARD THEIR

Answer 3

Origin

Question 4

Example where the insertion point is

Answer 4

Top of humerus

Question 5

Example where the origin is

Answer 5

Sternum

Question 6

Whatever one muscle do, another muscle can?

Answer 6

Whatever one muscle do, another muscle can undo

Question 7

Different skeletal muscles

Answer 7

• prime movers
• antagonists
• synergists
• fixators

Question 8

agonist muscle

Answer 8

Prime movers

Question 9

Muscles for Adduction

Answer 9

Prime movers

Question 10

BRINGS A LIMB TOWARD THE
BODY

Answer 10

Adduction

Question 11

MOVES IT AWAY
FROM THE BODY.

Answer 11

Abduction

Question 12

Working in reverse of that particular movement

Answer 12

Antagonists

Question 13

Example of Antagonists muscle

Answer 13

Deltoids

Question 14

Example of prime movers musc5

Answer 14

✓ Pecs
✓ Lats

Question 15

Help the prime movers lending a little extra oomph stabilizing joints against dislocation

Answer 15

Synergists

Question 16

Example of synergists muscle

Answer 16

✓ infraspinatus
✓ teres minor

Question 17

IF A SYNERGISTS IMMOBILIZES THE
MUSCLES’ ORIGIN BONE SO THAT THE
PRIME MOVER CAN BE MORE EFFECTIVE,
THEN THE SYNERGIST MUSCLES IS CALLED

Answer 17

Fixator

Question 18

A group of muscle fibers that all get their signals from the same single motor neuron

Answer 18

Motor unit

Question 19

Motor neurons may synapse with, and innervate, a thousand muscle fibers

Answer 19

Large motor unit

Question 20

3 different skeletal muscle periods

Answer 20

✓ Latent period
✓ period of contraction
✓ Relaxation period

Question 21

They’re generally affected by both the frequency and strength with which they’re stimulated

Answer 21

Graded muscle responses

Question 22

INCREASE THE FORCE BY ___________ WITH WHICH OUR MOTOR
NEURONS ARE FIRING.

Answer 22

INCREASING THE
FREQUENCY

Question 23

A PRODUCT OF HOW MANY
MYOSIN HEADS ARE BOUND TO ACTIN IN
EACH SARCOMERE,

Answer 23

Muscle force

Question 24

_________MEANS
MORE AVAILABLE BINDING SITES,
__________MEANS EVEN MORE
CALCIUM,

Answer 24

✓ More calcium
✓ MORE FREQUENT ACTIVATION

Question 25

IS THE CONTRACTION OF A MUSCLE FIBER IN RESPONSE TO A STIMULUS

Answer 25

Muscle twitch

Question 26

A MUSCLE TWITCH USUALLY INVOLVES ALL THE _________ IN A MOTOR UNIT

Answer 26

Muscle fibers

Question 27

This is what makes it impossible to maintain vigorous muscle activity indefinitely

Answer 27

Finite supply of ATP

Question 28

Is the only way to create a GRADE OF FORCE

Answer 28

Frequency

Question 29

RECRUITMENT OR MULTIPLE MOTOR UNIT SUMMATION - __________ INTENSIFIES AS MOTOR NEURONS STIMULATES MORE AND MORE MOTOR FIBERS

Answer 29

CONTRACTION

Question 30

THE FORCE OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION ALSO DEPENDS ON THE _________.

Answer 30

SIZE OF THE FIBERS

Question 31

The bigger the muscle, the _____.

Answer 31

(THE BIGGER THE MUSCLE THE MORE THE TENSION)

Question 32

change in length but the tension is constant

Answer 32

Isotonic contraction

Question 33

2 types of contraction

Answer 33

• isotonic • isometric

Question 34

A contraction which a muscle shortens while it exerts a constant force that matches the load being lifted by the muscle

Answer 34

Isotonic contraction

Question 35

no change in length but tension increases

Answer 35

Isometric contraction

Question 36

A contraction in which the external length of the muscle does not change because the force being generated by the muscle is insufficient to move the load to which it is attached

Answer 36

Isometric contraction

Question 37

3 SOURCES OF ENERGY OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION

Answer 37

✓Phosphorylation (Anaerobic Respiration) ✓ Glycogen (Creatinine Phosphate) ✓ Oxidative Metabolism (Aerobic Respiration)

Question 38

Prolong and strong contraction of muscle

Answer 38

Muscle fatigue

Question 39

Decrease the capacity to work and reduced efficiency of performance.

Answer 39

Muscle fatigue

Question 40

Causes of fatigue:

Answer 40

• Build up of metabolic products in the tissue owing to insufficient blood flow • Transmitter depletion in the NMJ. • Insufficient supply of nutrients to maintain contraction

Question 41

Painful, spastic contraction of a muscle; usually due to a buildup of lactic acid

Answer 41

Cramps

Question 42

Non-life threatening, chronic, widespread pain in muscle with no known cure

Answer 42

Fibromyalgia

Question 43

Also known as the chronic muscle pain syndrome

Answer 43

Fibromyalgia

Question 44

Enlargement of a muscle due to an increased number of myofibrils, as occurs with increased muscle use

Answer 44

Hypertrophy

Question 45

Decrease in muscle size due to a decreased number of myofilaments, can occur due to disuse of a muscle, as in paralysis

Answer 45

Atrophy

Question 46

Group of genetic disorders in which all types of muscle degenerate and atrophy

Answer 46

Muscle dystrophy

Question 47

Muscles are weak and fail to relax following forceful contractions; affects the hands most severely

Answer 47

Myotonic muscular dystrophy

Question 48

Inflammation of a tendon or its attachment point due to overuse of the muscle

Answer 48

Tendinitis

Question 49

Symptoms: • muscle weakness • muscle atrophy • contractures Treatment: • physical therapy to prevent contractures • no effective treatment to prevent atrophy

Answer 49

DMD Duchene Muscular Dystrophy