Muscular System

Question 0

Fibers parallel to the long axis of muscle.

Example: biceps brachii

Answer 0

Parallel muscles

Question 1

Four patterns of fascicle organization

Answer 1

1. Parallel
2. Convergent
3. Pennate
4. Circular

Question 2

Broad area converges on attachment site.
Muscle fibers pull in different directions depending on simulation.
Example: pectoralis muscles

Answer 2

Convergent muscles

Question 3

Form an angle with the tendon.
Don’t move as far as parallel muscles.
Contain more myofibrils than parallel.
Develop more tension than parallel.

Answer 3

Pennate

Question 4

Fibers on one side of tendon

Answer 4

Unipennate

Question 5

Fibers on both sides

Answer 5

Bipennate

Question 6

Tendon branches

Answer 6

Multipennate

Question 7

Also called sphincters.
Open and close to guard entrances of body.
Example: orbicularis oris

Answer 7

Circular muscles

Question 8

Muscles provide applied force (input)

Required to overcome load (output)

Answer 8

Levers

Question 9

Seesaw and teeter-totter.

Input and output are opposite sides of the fulcrum.

Answer 9

First class lever

Question 10

Wheelbarrow is an example.

Output and input are on the same side

Answer 10

Second class lever

Question 11

Most common lever.

Center applied force between load and fulcrum

Answer 11

Third class lever

Question 12

This is stationary

Answer 12

Origin

Question 13

This is what moves

Answer 13

Insertion

Question 14

Movements produced by muscle contraction.

Action is what the muscle is doing.

Answer 14

Actions

Question 15

(Prime mover)

Produces a particular movement.

Answer 15

Agonist

Question 16

Opposes movement of a particular agonist

Answer 16

Antagonist

Question 17

A smaller muscle that assists a larger agonist.

Helps start motion.

Answer 17

Synergist

Question 18

Agonists and antagonists work in pairs.
When one contracts, the other stretches.
Such as flexors, extensors, and abductors.

Answer 18

Muscle opposition

Question 19

Externus (superficial)

Visible at body surface

Answer 19

Position

Question 20

Deep muscles

Answer 20

Internus

Question 21

Muscles outside an organ

Answer 21

Extrinsic

Question 22

Muscles inside an organ

Answer 22

Intrinsic

Question 23

Magnus

Answer 23

Large

Question 24

Major

Answer 24

Larger

Question 25

Maximus

Answer 25

Largest

Question 26

Minimus

Answer 26

Smallest

Question 27

Minor

Answer 27

Smaller

Question 28

Vastus

Answer 28

Great

Question 29

Abductor

Answer 29

Movement away

Question 30

Adductor

Answer 30

Movement toward

Question 31

Depressor

Answer 31

Lowering movement

Question 32

Levatator

Answer 32

Raising movement

Question 33

Extensor

Answer 33

Straightening movement

Question 34

Flexor

Answer 34

Bending movement

Question 35

Pronator

Answer 35

Turning into prone

Question 36

Supinator

Answer 36

Turning into supine

Question 37

Tensor

Answer 37

Tensing movement

Question 38

Position head and spinal column. | move rib cage.

Answer 38

Axial muscles

Question 39

Supports pectoral and pelvic girdles. | Support limbs.

Answer 39

Appendicular muscles

Question 40

Helps lift the mandible

Answer 40

Temporalis

Question 41

Position mandible for chewing

Answer 41

Pterygoid

Question 42

From chin to hyoid. | Hyoid to mastoid

Answer 42

Digastric

Question 43

Floor of the mouth

Answer 43

Mylohoid

Question 44

Between hyoid and chin

Answer 44

Geniohyoid

Question 45

From clavicle and sternum to mastoid

Answer 45

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 46

Attaches scapula, clavicle, first rib, hyoid.

Answer 46

Omohyoid

Question 47

Compress underlying structures. | Rotate vertebral column.

Answer 47

Oblique muscles

Question 48

Flex vertebral column. | Oppose erector spinae.

Answer 48

Rectus muscles

Question 49

Between xiphoid process and pubic symphasis. Divided longitudinally by linea alba. Divided transversely by tendinous inscriptions.

Answer 49

Rectus abdomonis

Question 50

Divides thoracic and abdominal cavities. | Performs respiration.

Answer 50

Diaphragmatic muscle

Question 51

1. Support organs of pelvic cavity 2. Flex sacrum and coccyx 3. Control movement of materials through urethra and anus

Answer 51

Muscles of the pelvic floor

Question 52

Muscular sheet forming the pelvic floor, divided into anterior urogenital triangle, and posterior anal triangle

Answer 52

Perineum

Question 53

Deep muscular layer between pubic bones. Supports the pelvic floor. And muscles of the urethra.

Answer 53

Urogenital diaphragm

Question 54

Position and stabilize pectoral and pelvic girdles. Move upper and lower limbs. Two divisions of appendicular: Muscles of the shoulders and upper limbs. Muscles of the pelvic and lower limbs.

Answer 54

Appendicular muscles

Question 55

1. Chest 2. Arm 3. Hand 4. Fingers

Answer 55

Muscles of the shoulder and upper limbs

Question 56

Superficial. Covers back and neck to base of skull. Inserts on clavicle and scapular spines.

Answer 56

Trapezius

Question 57

Deep to trapezius. Attach to cervical and thoracic vertebrae. Insert on scapular border

Answer 57

Rhomboid

Question 58

On the chest. Originates along ribs. Inserts on anterior scapular margin

Answer 58

Serratus anterior

Question 59

Attaches to scapula

Answer 59

Pectoralis minor

Question 60

The major abductor

Answer 60

Deltoid

Question 61

Assists the deltoid

Answer 61

Supraspinatus

Question 62

Produce medial rotation at shoulder

Answer 62

Subscapularis and teres major

Question 63

Produce lateral rotation at shoulder

Answer 63

Infraspinatus and teres minor

Question 64

Between anterior chest and greater tubercule of humerus. | Produces flexion at shoulder joint

Answer 64

Pectoralis major

Question 65

Between thoracic vertebrae and humerus. | Produces extension at shoulder joint.

Answer 65

Latissimus dorsi

Question 66

Muscles involved in shoulder rotation

Answer 66

The rotator cuff

Question 67

Produces extension and lateral rotation at hip

Answer 67

Gluteus Maximus

Question 68

Biceps femoris Semimebranosus Semitendinosus

Answer 68

Hamstrings