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BIOD 151 > Muscular System: Appendicular Muscles > Flashcards

Muscular System: Appendicular Muscles Flashcards

Lab 6 and 5.2: Muscles of Upper and Lower Extremities (216 cards)

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1
Q

What is the origin of the trapezius?

A
  • Occipital bone
  • spinous process of T1-12
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2
Q

What is the insertion of the trapezius?

A
  • lateral clavicle
  • acromion
  • scapular spine of scapula
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3
Q

What actions does the trapezius perform?

A

Scapular
- Rotation
- Retraction
- Elevation
- Depression

Neck extension

Stabilizes shoulder

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4
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius?

A

Accessory nerve (Cranial Nerve 11)

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5
Q

What is the origin of the levator scapulae?

A

Transverse process of C1-4

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6
Q

What is the insertion of the levator scapulae?

A

Medial border of scapula

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7
Q

What action does the levator scapulae perform?

A

Elevates scapula

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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9
Q

What is the origin of the rhomboids?

A

Spinous process
- minor: C7-T1
- major: T2-5

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10
Q

What is the insertion of the rhomboids?

A

Medial border of scapula

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11
Q

What action do the rhomboids perform?

A

Retraction of scapula

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12
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboids?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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13
Q

What is the origin of the pectoralis minor?

A

Ribs 3-5

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14
Q

What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor?

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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15
Q

What actions does the pectoralis minor perform?

A

Scapular
*ABduction
*depression
*downward rotation

  • elevates ribs
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16
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis minor?

A

Medial pectoral nerve

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17
Q

What is the origin of the serratus anterior?

A

ribs 1-9

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18
Q

What is the insertion of the serratus anterior?

A

Medial border of scapula

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19
Q

What action does the serratus anterior perform?

A

Scapular
-protraction
-aBduction
-depression

  • rib elevation
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20
Q

What is the innervation of the serratus anterior?

A

Long thoracic nerve
* C05-C07

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21
Q

What is the purpose of the rotator cuff?

A

To stabilize the humeral head inside the shoulder joint

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22
Q

What are the ‘SITS’ muscles?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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23
Q

What is the origin of the deltoid?

A

Anterior head: Clavicle
Middle head: Acromion
Posterior head: Scapular spine

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24
Q

What is the insertion of the deltoid?

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus of the lateral side of the body

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25
What action does the deltoid perform?
Abduction at shoulder (whole muscle)
26
What is the innervation of the deltoid?
Axillary nerve *C05-C06
27
What is the origin of the pectoralis major?
- Sternum - Ribs 2-6
28
What is the insertion of the pectoralis major?
Greater tubercle of humerus
29
What actions does the pectoralis major perform?
At Shoulder: - flexion - adduction - medial rotation
30
What is the innervation of the pectoralis major?
Pectoral nerves
31
What is the origin of the supraspinatus?
Supraspinatus fossa of scapula
32
What is the insertion of the supraspinatus?
Greater tubercle of humerus
33
What action does the supraspinatus perform?
Abduction at the shoulder
34
What is the innervation of the supraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
35
What is the origin of the infraspinatus?
Infraspinatus fossa of scapula
36
What is the insertion of the infraspinatus?
Greater tubercle of humerus
37
What action does the infraspinatus perform?
Lateral rotation at shoulder
38
What is the innervation of the infraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
39
What is the origin of the teres minor?
Lateral border of scapula
40
What is the insertion of the teres minor?
Greater tubercle of humerus
41
What action does the teres minor perform?
Lateral rotation at shoulder
42
What is the innervation of the teres minor?
Axillary nerve
43
What is the origin of the teres major?
Inferior angle of scapula
44
What is the insertion of the teres major?
Intertubercular groove of humerus
45
What actions does the teres major perform?
Shoulder - extension - adduction - medial rotation
46
What is the innervation of the teres major?
Lower subscapular nerve
47
What is the origin of the subscapularis?
Subscapular fossa of scapula
48
What is the insertion of the subscapularis?
Lesser tubercle of humerus
49
What action does the subscapularis perform?
Medial rotation at the shoulder
50
What is the innervation of the subscapularis?
Subscapular nerves
51
What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi?
Spinous process of - thoracic vertebrae T07-12 - lumbar vertebrae L01-05 - ribs 8-12
52
What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?
Intertubercular groove of humerus
53
What actions does the latissimus dorsi perform?
Shoulder - extension - adduction - medial rotation
54
What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi?
Thoracodorsal nerve
55
What is the origin of the coracobrachialis?
Coracoid process of scapula
56
What is the insertion of the coracobrachialis?
Medial shaft of humerus
57
What actions does the coracobrachialis perform?
Shoulder - adduction - flexion
58
What is the innervation of the coracobrachialis?
Musculocutaneous nerve
59
What is the origin of the biceps brachii?
Short head- coracoid process long head- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
60
What is the insertion of the biceps brachii?
Tuberosity of radius
61
What actions does the biceps brachii perform?
- Supination - Flexion at elbow and shoulder
62
What is the innervation of the biceps brachii?
Musculocutaneous nerve
63
What is the origin of the brachialis?
Anterior/distal surface of humerus
64
What is the insertion of the brachialis?
Tuberosity of ulna
65
What action does the brachialis perform?
Flexion at elbow
66
What is the innervation of the brachialis?
Musculocutaneous nerve and radial nerve
67
What is the origin of the brachioradialis?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
68
What is the insertion of the brachioradialis?
Lateral aspect of styloid process of radius
69
What action does the brachioradialis perform?
Flexion at elbow
70
What is the innervation of the brachioradialis?
Radial nerve
71
What is the origin of the triceps?
Lateral head – superior, lateral margin on humerus; Long head – infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Medial head – posterior surface of humerus
72
What is the insertion of the triceps?
Olecranon of ulna
73
What action does the triceps perform?
Extension at elbow
74
What is the innervation of the triceps?
Radial nerve
75
What is the origin of the pronator teres?
Medial epicondyle of humerus
76
What is the insertion of the pronator teres?
Mid-lateral surface of radius
77
What action does the pronator teres perform?
Pronation
78
What is the innervation of the pronator teres?
Median nerve
79
What is the origin of the supinator?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
80
What is the insertion of the supinator?
Anterolateral surface of radius
81
What action does the supinator perform?
Supination
82
What is the innervation of the supinator?
Deep radial nerve
83
What is the action of the flexor carpi radialis?
Wrist flexion, radial deviation of the hand
84
What is the innervation of the flexor carpi radialis?
Median nerve
85
What is the action of the palmaris longus?
Wrist flexion
86
What is the innervation of the palmaris longus?
Median nerve
87
What is the action of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Wrist flexion, ulnar deviation of the hand
88
What is the innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Ulnar nerve
89
What is the action of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Flexion of the wrist and digits 2-5 (middle and proximal phalanx)
90
What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Median nerve
91
What is the action of the flexor pollicis longus?
Flexion of thumb
92
What is the innervation of the flexor pollicis longus?
Median nerve
93
What is the action of the flexor digitorum profundus?
Wrist flexion, flexion of digits 2-5 (distal phalanx)
94
What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus?
Palmar interosseous nerve
95
What is the action of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
Extension, abduction of the wrist
96
What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
Radial nerve
97
What is the action of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
Extension, abduction of the wrist
98
What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
Radial nerve
99
What is the action of the extensor digitorum?
Wrist extension, extension of digits 2-5
100
What is the innervation of the extensor digitorum?
Deep radial nerve
101
What is the action of the extensor digiti minimi?
Wrist extension, extension of digit 5
102
What is the innervation of the extensor digiti minimi?
Deep radial nerve
103
What is the action of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
Extension, adduction of the wrist
104
What is the innervation of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
Deep radial nerve
105
What is the action of the abductor pollicis longus?
Abduction of wrist and thumb
106
What is the innervation of the abductor pollicis longus?
Deep radial nerve
107
What is the action of the extensor pollicis longus?
Thumb extension, wrist abduction
108
What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis longus?
Deep radial nerve
109
What is the action of the extensor pollicis brevis?
Thumb extension, wrist abduction
110
What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis brevis?
Deep radial nerve
111
What is the action of the extensor indicis?
Extension of wrist and digit 2
112
What is the innervation of the extensor indicis?
Deep radial nerve
113
What is hip extension?
Involves moving the thigh posteriorly (or backward movement of the thigh)
114
What is hip flexion?
Moving the thigh anteriorly (or forward movement of the thigh)
115
What is knee extension?
To straighten the knee, or to increase the angle of the joint
116
What is knee flexion?
Bending the knee (decreasing the angle of the joint)
117
What is lateral rotation?
To rotation away from the center of the body
118
What is internal rotation?
To rotation towards the central axis of the body
119
What is the iliopsoas group?
Psoas major and iliacus together are called iliopsoas
120
What is the origin of the psoas major?
Transverse bodies of all lumbar vertebra
121
What is the insertion of the psoas major?
Lesser trochanter of the femur (with iliacus)
122
What action does the psoas major perform?
Hip flexion (or trunk flexion if femur is stationary)
123
What is the innervation of the psoas major?
Lumbar plexus
124
What is the origin of the iliacus?
Iliac fossa of ilium
125
What is the insertion of the iliacus?
Lesser trochanter of femur
126
What action does the iliacus perform?
Hip flexion
127
What is the innervation of the iliacus?
Femoral nerve
128
What is the origin of the gluteus maximus?
Posterior gluteal line of the ilium, lower sacrum, side of the coccyx
129
What is the insertion of the gluteus maximus?
Gluteal tuberosity
130
What actions does the gluteus maximus perform?
Abducts, extends, laterally rotates hip joint
131
What is the innervation of the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve
132
What is the origin of the gluteus medius?
Gluteal surface of the ilium
133
What is the insertion of the gluteus medius?
Greater trochanter of the femur
134
What actions does the gluteus medius perform?
Abducts thigh, stabilizes the hip joint
135
What is the innervation of the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve
136
What is the origin of the gluteus minimus?
Gluteal surface of the ilium
137
What is the insertion of the gluteus minimus?
Greater trochanter of the femur
138
What actions does the gluteus minimus perform?
Abducts thigh, stabilizes hip joint
139
What is the innervation of the gluteus minimus?
Superior gluteal nerve
140
What is the origin of the tensor fascia latae (TFL)?
ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)
141
What is the insertion of the tensor fascia latae (TFL)?
Iliotibial tract
142
What actions does the tensor fascia latae (TFL) perform?
Abducts and internally rotates thigh, stabilizes hip and knee joints
143
What is the innervation of the tensor fascia latae (TFL)?
Superior gluteal nerve
144
What is the action of the obturator externus?
Lateral rotation of thigh
145
What is the innervation of the obturator externus?
Obturator nerve
146
What is the action of the obturator internus?
Lateral rotation of thigh
147
What is the innervation of the obturator internus?
Spinal nerves S1-3
148
What is the action of the superior gemellus?
Lateral rotation, adduction, extension of hip joint
149
What is the innervation of the superior gemellus?
Spinal nerves L5, S1
150
What is the action of the inferior gemellus?
Lateral rotation, adduction, extension of hip joint
151
What is the innervation of the inferior gemellus?
Spinal nerves L5, S1
152
What is the action of the quadratus femoris?
Lateral rotation, adduction of hip joint
153
What is the innervation of the quadratus femoris?
Spinal nerves L5, S1
154
What is the action of the piriformis?
Lateral rotation, adduction, extension of hip joint
155
What is the innervation of the piriformis?
Spinal nerves L5-S2
156
What is the origin of the biceps femoris?
Long head, ischial tuberosity; short head, linea aspera of femur, lateral surface
157
What is the insertion of the biceps femoris?
Head of the fibula, lateral surface
158
What actions does the biceps femoris perform?
Knee flexion, hip extension
159
What is the innervation of the biceps femoris?
Long head - tibial nerve; Short head - common fibular nerve
160
What is the origin of the semitendinosus?
Ischial tuberosity
161
What is the insertion of the semitendinosus?
Medial surface of tibia
162
What action does the semitendinosus perform?
Knee flexion
163
What is the innervation of the semitendinosus?
Tibial nerve
164
What is the origin of the semimembranosus?
Ischial tuberosity
165
What is the insertion of the semimembranosus?
Medial condyle of tibia
166
What action does the semimembranosus perform?
Knee flexion
167
What is the innervation of the semimembranosus?
Tibial nerve
168
What is the origin of the rectus femoris?
AIIS (anterior inferior iliac spine)
169
What is the insertion of the rectus femoris?
Common tendon of the quadriceps to tibial tuberosity
170
What actions does the rectus femoris perform?
Knee extension, hip flexion
171
What is the innervation of the rectus femoris?
Femoral nerve
172
What is the origin of the vastus medialis?
Intertrochanteric line of femur
173
What is the insertion of the vastus medialis?
Patella via quadriceps tendon; tibial tuberosity
174
What action does the vastus medialis perform?
Knee extension
175
What is the innervation of the vastus medialis?
Femoral nerve
176
What is the origin of the vastus lateralis?
Greater trochanter of femur
177
What is the insertion of the vastus lateralis?
Patella via quadriceps tendon; tibial tuberosity
178
What action does the vastus lateralis perform?
Knee extension
179
What is the innervation of the vastus lateralis?
Femoral nerve
180
What is the origin of the vastus intermedius?
Anterior/lateral surfaces of femur
181
What is the insertion of the vastus intermedius?
Common tendon of the quadriceps to tibial tuberosity
182
What action does the vastus intermedius perform?
Knee extension
183
What is the innervation of the vastus intermedius?
Femoral nerve
184
What is the origin of the adductor longus?
Front of the pubis
185
What is the insertion of the adductor longus?
Linea aspera
186
What actions does the adductor longus perform?
Adducts, medially rotates thigh
187
What is the innervation of the adductor longus?
Obturator nerve
188
What is the origin of the adductor brevis?
Superior and inferior rami of the pubis
189
What is the insertion of the adductor brevis?
Medial shaft femur, into the upper linea aspera
190
What actions does the adductor brevis perform?
Adducts, medially rotates thigh
191
What is the innervation of the adductor brevis?
Obturator nerve
192
What is the origin of the adductor magnus?
Inferior ramus of pubis
193
What is the insertion of the adductor magnus?
Adductor tubercle, medial condyle of the femur, linea aspera
194
What actions does the adductor magnus perform?
Adducts, medially rotates thigh
195
What is the innervation of the adductor magnus?
Obturator nerve
196
What is the origin of the gracilis?
Lower half of pubic symphysis
197
What is the insertion of the gracilis?
Superior shaft of tibia
198
What actions does the gracilis perform?
Adductor of the thigh, flexes knee
199
What is the innervation of the gracilis?
Obturator nerve
200
What is the origin of the pectineus?
Pectineal line
201
What is the insertion of the pectineus?
Posterior surface of the femur
202
What action does the pectineus perform?
Adducts thigh
203
What is the innervation of the pectineus?
Femoral nerve
204
What is the action of the Gracilis muscle?
Adductor of the thigh, flexes knee ## Footnote Innervation: obturator nerve
205
What is the origin of the Pectineus muscle?
Pectineal line ## Footnote Innervation: femoral nerve
206
What is the action of the Sartorius muscle?
Hip: flexion, abduction, external rotation; Knee: flexion, internal rotation ## Footnote Origin: ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine), Insertion: superior shaft of tibia, Innervation: femoral nerve
207
What is the action of the Tibialis Anterior muscle?
Dorsiflexion, inversion of foot ## Footnote Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, Insertion: base of metatarsal 1, medial cuneiform, Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
208
What is the action of the Extensor Digitorum Longus muscle?
Extends digits 2-5, dorsiflexion of foot ## Footnote Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, Insertion: distal phalanges of digits 2-5, Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
209
What is the action of the Extensor Hallucis Longus muscle?
Extension of digit 1, dorsiflexion of foot ## Footnote Origin: anterior surface of fibula, Insertion: dorsal surface of digit 1 (great toe), Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
210
What is the action of the Peroneus Brevis muscle?
Plantarflex and evert foot (pronate) ## Footnote Origin: lateral, distal fibula, Insertion: lateral side of 5th metatarsal, Innervation: superficial peroneal nerve
211
What is the action of the Peroneus Longus muscle?
Plantarflex and evert foot (pronate) ## Footnote Origin: posterior surface of tibia, superior fibula, Insertion: base of metatarsal 1, Innervation: superficial peroneal nerve
212
What is the action of the Gastrocnemius muscle?
Plantarflexion of foot, knee flexion ## Footnote Origin: medial and lateral heads: posterior surfaces of medial and lateral femoral condyles, Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneus via Achilles tendon, Innervation: tibial nerve
213
What is the action of the Soleus muscle?
Plantarflexion of foot ## Footnote Origin: posterior surface of fibula, medial region of posterior tibia, Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneus via Achilles tendon, Innervation: tibial nerve
214
What is the action of the Tibialis Posterior muscle?
Plantarflexion, inversion and adduction of foot ## Footnote Origin: posterior surface of tibia, interosseous membrane, medial surface of fibula, Insertion: navicular bone, cuneiforms (3), cuboid, and metatarsals 2-4, Innervation: tibial nerve
215
What is the action of the Flexor Digitorum Longus muscle?
Flexion of digits 2-5; inversion and plantarflexion of foot ## Footnote Origin: posterior surface of tibia, Insertion: inferior surface of distal phalanges 2-5, Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
216
What is the action of the Flexor Hallucis Longus muscle?
Flexion of digit 1, inversion and plantarflexion of foot ## Footnote Origin: posterior fibula, Insertion: inferior surface of distal phalanx of digit 1 (great toe), Innervation: tibial nerve (deep peroneal branch)

BIOD 151 (24 decks)

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