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Human Anatomy > Musculoskeletal II (MSK II) > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal II (MSK II) Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

What is the Upper Extremity?

A

is everything from the clavicle down to the fingers.

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2
Q

List all of the joints included in upper extremity

A
  • Shoulder girdle
  • GH
  • Elbow
  • Forearm
  • Wrist
  • hand
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3
Q

What is the apart of the Joint-Shoulder girdle?

A
  • Clavicle
  • Sternum
  • Scapula (false?)
  • 3 true joints one false
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4
Q

What is the difference b/t true & false joints

A

true joints - bone on bone contact

false joints - see motion but not bone on bone contact

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5
Q

What is the Bones SG-Clavicle?

A
  • Aka the collar bone
  • S shaped
  • Holds upper limb in position
  • Circular at sterno-clavicular joint (SC)
  • Broad at acromi-clavicular joint (AC)
  • Latin ”little key” (key to holding whole arm up)
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6
Q

What is the Bones SG-Sternum?

A
  • Aka the breast bone
  • The sternum in the sc joint
  • Most of the motion happens here
    (b/c)* Lots of ligaments found here
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7
Q

What is the Bones SG-Scapula?

A
  • AKA the shoulder blade (think: “crow wing”)
  • Very thin
  • Does not actually attach to chest wall, floats over it
  • Acromion process attaches to the clavicle to become the acromioclavicular joint
  • Area for shoulder separation
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8
Q

What is the Joint-GH?

A
  • Scapula
  • Humerus
  • G stands for glenoid fossa of the scapula H stands for the humerus
  • Ball and socket joint

(glenohumeral joint)

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9
Q

What is the Bones GH-Scapula?

A
  • Glenoid fossa of the scapula
  • Glenoid labrum found here.
    (helps it to be a)* Ball and socket joint
  • Lots of movement
  • Area where you can
    find rotator cuff muscles
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10
Q

What is the Bones GH-Humerus?

A
  • Long bone
  • Head (ball) sits into the glenoid fossa (socket)
  • Long head of biceps brachii found in the intertubercular groove or “bicipital groove” (b/t the GT & LT)
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11
Q

What is the Joint-Elbow?

A
  • Humerus
  • Ulna
  • Radius (small)
    (1st 2 really involved in action)
  • Hinge joint
  • Main joint forming the elbow is the humerus and elbow
  • Only flexion and extension happens here
  • The radius is just along for the ride
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12
Q

What is the Bones elbow-Humerus/Ulna?

A
  • During flexion and extension the trochlear notch (of Ulna) moves around the trochlea (of Humerus).
  • In extension, the olecranon process (of Ulna) fits into the olecranon fossa (of Humerus)
  • Olecranon foramen? (allows hyperextension)

(ulna creates the elbow of your elbow)

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13
Q

What is the Joint-Forearm?

A
  • Radius
  • Ulna
  • Humerus (small)
  • Supination and pronation happen here
  • Mainly at the proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints
  • The humerus capitulum is present to keep the radius in place while pivoting
  • During these actions the ulna stays put and the radius is the only bone that moves
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14
Q

What are the Bones Forearm-Radius/Ulna?

A
  • Capitulum-radial head (pivot)
  • Proximal and distal radioulnar, radius-ulna

All these joints allow pronation and supination

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15
Q

Which moves? The radius or the ulna?

A

the radius (criss-crosses)
- ulna stays put

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16
Q

What are the Actions-Shoulder?

A
  1. Elevation of right scapula
  2. Depression of scapula
  3. Adduction of scapula (retraction)
  4. Abduction of scapula (protraction)
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17
Q

Circumdunction has…

A

all actions but rotation

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18
Q

What are the Actions-GH?

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Hyperextension
  • Lateral rotation
  • Medial rotation
  • Abduction
    -Adduction
  • Circumduction
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19
Q

What are the Actions-Elbow?

A
  • Flexion
    -Extension
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20
Q

What are the Actions-Forearm?

A
  • Supination (palm anterior)
  • Pronation (palm posterior)
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21
Q

What is apart of the Anterior Shoulder?

A
  • Serratus Anterior (like a serrated knife - for protection)
  • Pectoralis Major
  • Pectoralis Minor (more scapula - concaves chest)
  • Anterior Deltoid (shaped like delta)
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22
Q

What is apart of the Posterior Shoulder?

A
  • Trapezius- 3 Fiber directions (4 sided)
  • Rhomboid Major and Minor
  • Levator Scapulae (lifts scapula - elevation)
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • sup & inf to diff parts of the kidney
  • Teres Major and Minor
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23
Q

What is apart of the Rotator Cuff?

A

Rotator cuff muscles S.I.T.S
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres Minor
- Subscapularis

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24
Q

What is the Rotator Cuff?

A
  • Rotator cuff muscles are a group of 4 muscles
  • Creates strength and stability during GH motion
  • Tendons join over head of humerus
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25
What is the Pec Major action?
GH Flexion, int rot
26
What is the Pec Minor action?
Shoulder protraction
27
What is the Serratus Ant action?
Shoulder protraction
28
What is the Deltoid action?
GH Abduction
29
What does the Anterior Shoulder include?
Pec Major Pec Minor Serratus Ant Deltoid
30
What is the Trapezius action?
Shoulder retraction
31
What is the Rhomboids action?
Shoulder retraction
32
What is the Levator scapulae action?
Shoulder elevation
33
What is the Teres Major action?
GH Int rot
34
What does the Posterior Shoulder include?
Trapezius Rhomboids Levator scapulae Teres Major
35
What is the Supraspinatus action?
GH Abduction
36
What is the Infraspinatus action?
GH Ext rot
37
What is the Teres Minor action?
GH Ext rot
38
What is the Subscapularis action?
GH Int rot
39
What does the Rotator Cuff include?
Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis
40
What is apart of the Anterior Arm?
* Biceps Brachii * Coracobrachialis * Brachialis
41
What is apart of the Posterior Arm?
* Triceps Brachii * Teres Major and Minor * Latissimus Dorsi
42
What are the action of the Biceps Brachii?
GH flexion, elbow flexion, supination
43
What are the action of the Coracobrachialis?
GH flexion
44
What are the action of the Brachialis?
Elbow flexion
45
What are the action of the Triceps Brachii?
GH extension, ELBOW EXTENSION
46
What are the action of the Latissimus dorsi?
GH extension, int rot, Add
47
What are the action of the Teres major?
GH extension, int rot, Add
48
What are the action of the Teres minor?
GH ext rot, Add
49
Describe the blood supply route
Subclavian (clavicle) --> Axillary (pec - ) --> Brachial (arm/humerus) --> Radial & Ulnar --> Sup & deep palmar arches
50
Which would you use to test pulse in wrist?
radial
51
What is the Nerves-Brachial Plexus?
The brachial plexus is a group of nerves that serve the entire upper extremity * Peripheral nerves * Comes from spinal cord * C5-T1
52
What is the Nerves-Brachial Plexus separation of parts?
* Roots (from SC)* * Trunks (Large) * Divisions * Cords (Named around artery)* * Terminal nerves*
53
What is the Nerves-Brachial Plexus from start to finish?
- Roots - Trunks - Divisions - Cords - Terminal Branches
54
What nerves are apart of the Brachial Plexus-Terminal Branches?
- Musculocutaneous - Median - Ulnar - Radial - Axillary
55
What is the area that the Musculocutaneous nerve serves?
Anterior arm
56
What is the area that the Median nerve serves?
Anterior Forearm area
57
What is the area that the Ulnar nerve serves?
Ulnar region
58
What is the area that the Radial nerve serves?
Posterior arm & forearm area
59
What is the area that the Axillary nerve serves?
Deltoid area
60
What is an example muscle of the Musculocutaneous nerve?
Biceps brachii
61
What is an example muscle of the Median nerve?
Flexor digitorum sup
62
What is an example muscle of the Ulnar nerve?
Flexor carpi ulnaris
63
What is an example muscle of the Radial nerve?
Triceps brachii, extensor digitorum
64
What is an example muscle of the Axillar nerve?
deltoid
65
What are the Bones Forearm-Humerus?
* Medial epicondyle * Lateral epicondyle
66
What is apart of the Joint-Wrist and Hands?
* Wrist= carpals * Hand= metacarpals * Fingers= phalanges
67
Wrist =
carpals
68
Hand =
metacarpals
69
Fingers =
phalanges
70
What are the Bones Wrist-Radius/Carpals?
* The carpal (wrist) bones, only attach to the radius, so when the radius supinates or pronates, so does the palm
71
What are the Bones Wrist-Radius/Carpals START to FINISH?
1. Scaphoid 2. Lunate 3. Triquetrum 4. Pisiform 5. Trapezium 6. Trapezoid 7. Capitate 8. Hamate
72
What are the Bones Hand- Metacarpals/Phalanges?
* Metacarpals are numbered * Phalanges are numbered and designated proximal, intermediate, and distal * The thumb is different, only proximal and distal (start counting with thumb)
73
What are the Actions-Wrist and Fingers?
- Flexion/Extension of wrist - Flexion/Extension of fingers - Radial/Ulnar Deviation of wrist
74
What are the Actions-Forearm?
- Supination (palm anterior) - Pronation (palm posterior)
75
What are the Actions-Hand (Thumb and Pinky)?
- Abduction/Flexion of thumb - Abduction/Flexion of pinky - Opposition (both)
76
What is apart of the Anterior Forearm?
* Flexor carpi ulnaris * Flexor carpi radialis * Palmaris Longus * Flexor digitorum superficialis * Flexor digitorum profundus * Pronator teres * Pronator quadratus *
77
What is apart of the Posterior Forearm?
* Extensor carpi radialis longus * Extensor carpi radialis brevis * Extensor carpi ulnaris * Extensor digitorum * Supinator
78
What is the action of the Anterior compartment muscle (wrist & fingers)?
flexion
79
What is the action of the Posterior compartment muscle (wrist & fingers)?
extension
80
What is the action of the Flexor carpi ulnaris & Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle (wrist & fingers)?
ulnar deviation
81
What is the action of the Flexor carpi radialis & Extensor carpi ralialis muscle (wrist & fingers)?
Radial deviation
82
What is the action of the Biceps brachii, supinator muscle (forearm)?
supination
83
What is the action of the Pronator teres, pronator quadratus muscle (forearm)?
pronation
84
What is the action of the Thenar eminence muscle (thumb & pinky)?
Abduction, flexion, opposition of thumb
85
What is the action of the Hypothenar eminence muscle (thumb & pinky)?
Abduction, flexion and opposition of pinky
86
What is the Carpal Tunnel muscle group created by?
* Carpal bones (*attached to radius b/c move for suponation) * Flexor retinaculum
87
What are the muscles that pass through the Carpal Tunnel muscle group?
* Flex. Dig. Sup * Flex. Dig. Prof. * Flex. Pollicis longus
88
What is a nerve that pass through the Carpal Tunnel muscle group?
* Median
89
What is an artery that pass through the Carpal Tunnel muscle group?
* None!
90
What is the blood supply pathway?
Subclavian (clavicle) --> Axillary (pec -) --> Brachial (arm/humerus) --> Radial or Ulnar --> Sup & deep palmar arched
91
What is the artery that is for pulse within the blood supply?
radial
92
What are the Nerves-Brachial Plexus separation of parts?
* Roots (from SC) * Trunks (Large) * Divisions * Cords (Named around artery) * Terminal nerves

Human Anatomy (15 decks)

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