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Human Anatomy > Musculoskeletal III (MSK III) > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal III (MSK III) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Lower Extremity?

A

The lower extremity is everything from the Hip (innominate bone) to the toes.

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2
Q

What are all joints included in the lower extremity?

A
  • Hip
  • Knee
  • Ankle
  • Foot
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3
Q

What is the Joint-Hip?

A
  • Innominate
  • Femur
  • Innominate is 1 pelvis bone
  • Ball and socket joint
  • Lots of motion happens here
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4
Q

What is the Bones Hip-Innominate?

A
  • There are 2 innominates (right and left) in the pelvis
  • One innominate is made up from 3 fused bone (ilium, ischium and pubis)
  • The place where the femur sits in is termed the acetabulum
  • The acetabulum is formed by all three fused bones
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5
Q

How many innominates are there in the Hip bone?

A

2 (right & left) in the pelvis

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6
Q

What is one innominate made up from?

A

3 fused bone (ilium, ischium and pubis)

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7
Q

Which fused bone do you sit on?

A

ischium

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8
Q

The place where the femur sits in is termed the…

A

acetabulum

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9
Q

The ______ is formed by all 3 fused bones

A

acetabulum

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10
Q

How many bones join at acetabulum?

A

3

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11
Q

The Bone Hip-Innominate is…

A
  • 2 innominates + sacrum + coccyx = Pelvis
  • Abdominal muscles, glutes hamstrings, adductors and one quad attaches to this bone
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12
Q

One Hip-innominate attaches to:

A
  • Sacrum
  • Femur
  • Other innominate
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13
Q

What is the Bones Hip-Femur?

A
  • Strongest bone in the
    body
  • Part of the largest joint.
  • Shape can be very different from one person to another
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14
Q

What is the Joint-Knee made up of?

A
  • Femur
  • Tibia
  • Patella
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15
Q

Which is the largest joint in the body?

A

Knee joint
* Tons of ligaments
* Synovial capsule

(but has most problems b/c of weight)

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16
Q

Is the fibula part of the knee joint?

A

it’s weak

technically not part of knee

Define joint

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17
Q

What is the Bones Knee-Femur?

A

The distal femur

  • Place for patella
  • The femur basically sits on top of the tibia

** Medial condyle is bigger

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18
Q

Which is bigger in terms of the femur in the knee?

A

medial condyle

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19
Q

What is the Bones Knee-Tibia?

A
  • The tibia is considered the shin bone
  • Found medially compared to tibia
  • Quite sharp anteriorly
  • get rug burn/bruises on this part
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20
Q

What is the Bones Knee-Patella?

A
  • The patella is considered a sesamoid bone
  • Found inside the quad tendon
  • Apex is found inferiorly
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21
Q

What are the actions of the hip?

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Abduction
  • Adduction
  • External/Internal Rotation
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22
Q

What are the actions of the knee?

A
  • Flexion/Extension of foot more so?
  • Flexion/Extension of knee
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23
Q

What is apart of the Anterior Thigh?

A
  • Iliopsoas
  • Quadriceps Femoris (quads)
  • Rectus Femoris (rectus means front/centre)
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Vastus medialis
  • Vastus Intermedius
  • Sartorius (tear drop)
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24
Q

What is apart of the Glute area?

A
  • Gluteus maximus (rhon. shaped - posterior)
  • Gluteus medius (lateral)
  • Gluteus minimis (lateral)
  • Deep lateral rotators (piriformis)
  • makes legs go laterally
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25
What is apart of the Posterior Thigh?
Hamstrings * Biceps femoris * Semitendinosis (strong ones - medial) * semimembranosis (medial)
26
The Deep lateral rotators (piriformis)...
sits on synatic nerve & feels like a herniated disc pain
27
What is apart of the Medial Thigh?
* Adductors (when you pulled a groin muscle) * Adductor magnus (biggest/thickest) * Adductor brevis * Adductor longus * Pectineus * Gracilis
28
What is the muscle not covered but interesting?
TFL: Tensor fascia latae * The TFL is continuously attached to the IT band * IT band means; iliotibial band (ilia --> tibia band) * Strong in runners * Flexes hip
29
What is the Pes Anserine?
on medial ant. tibia where 3 muscles come & insert (Gooses Foot) - GST spot Gracilis (adductor) Sartorius semiTendinosus (take some of this 1 & take it for knee replacement - ACL tear)
30
What is the action of the Iliopsoas muscle?
Hip flexion
31
What is the action of the Rectus femoris muscle?
Hip flexion, knee extension
32
What is the action of the Vastus Lat, med, inter muscle?
Knee extension
33
What is the action of the Sartorius muscle?
Hip flexion, hip abduction, hip lateral rotation and knee flexion
34
What is the action of the Glute max muscle?
Hip extension and lateral rot
35
What is the action of the Glute min muscle?
Hip abduction and med rot
36
What is the action of the Hamstrings muscle?
Hip extension and knee flexion
37
What is the action of the Piriformis muscle?
Hip lateral rotation
38
What is the action of adductors muscles?
Hip adduction
39
What is apart of the Joint-Ankle?
* Tibia * Fibula * Talus
40
What is the Bones Ankle-Tibia and Fibula?
* The distal tibia and the fibula make up the “mortise of the ankle - like mortar & pestle * The malleoli are what people feel as their ankle * Fibula in Latin means brooch
41
What is the Bones Ankle-Talus?
* The Talus sits inside the tibia and fibula * Many ligaments found here to stabilize the ankle * More in number and stronger in stability on the medial side
42
What are the actions of the ankle?
- Platarflexion/Dorsiflexion - Inversion/Eversion
43
What is apart of the Posterior Calf?
Calf Posterior deep Hallux Digit Tibia
44
What is apart of the Posterior deep of the ankle?
tibialis posterior flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus
45
What is Hallux of the Posterior Calf?
big toe
46
What is Digit of the Posterior Calf?
4 lesser toes
47
What is the Tibia of the Posterior Calf?
mostly on tibia not attaching to toe
48
What is the Lateral Leg?
* Fibularis/peroneus= all mean near the fibula * Tendons go behind lateral malleolus
49
What are the Anterior Compartment of the Ankle?
* Tibialis ant * Ext Hallucis Long * Ext digitorum Long * Fibularis tertius
50
What is the Lateral Compartment of the Ankle?
* Fibularis longus * Fibularis brevis
51
What is the Post deep Compartment of the Ankle?
* Tibialis post * Flex Hallucis Long * Flex digitorum Long
52
What is the Post superficial Compartment of the Ankle?
* Gastrocnemius * Plantaris * Soleus
53
What is the Anterior compartment of the ankles action?
Extension/dorsiflexion
54
What is the Posterior compartment of the ankles action?
Flexion/plantarflexion
55
What is the Lateral compartment of the ankles action?
eversion
56
What is apart of the Anterior (Extensors/dorsiflexion) of the Ankle?
* Tibialis Anterior * Extensor digitorum longus * Extensor hallucis longus
57
What is apart of the Posterior (flexors/plantarflexion) of the Superficial Ankle?
* Gastrocnemius * Plantairs * soleus
58
What is apart of the Posterior (flexors/plantarflexion) of the Deep Ankle?
* Tibialis Posterior * Flexor digitorum longus * Flexor hallucis longus
59
What is apart of the Lateral (everters) of the Ankle?
* Fibularislongus * Fibularisbrevis
60
What is apart of the ankle?
T - Tibialis posterior D - flexor Digitorum A - posterior tibial Artery V - Vein N - tibial Nerve H - flexor Hallucis longus (Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry)
61
What is the Nerves-lumbosacral Plexus?
The lumbo-sacral plexus is a group of nerves in the area that stem from L1-S4 * It serves the muscles of the lower legs
62
What is the separation of the Nerves-lumbosacral Plexus?
* Roots L1-S4 * Terminal branches * Anterior * Posterior * What muscle group does it serve
63
What is the Blood Supply for the Nerves-lumbosacral Plexus?
External Iliac --> Femoral -- (Adductor hiatus) -> Popliteal --> Fibular, Posterior Tibial & Anterior Tibial
64
What is apart of the Nerves-Lumbosacral Plexus?
- Femoral nerve - Obturator nerve - Superior gluteal nerve - Inferior gluteal nerve - Sciatic nerve
65
Femoral nerve (of Nerves-Lumbosacral Plexus):
Anterior Quads
66
Obturator nerve (of Nerves-Lumbosacral Plexus):
Anterior/medial Adductors
67
Superior gluteal nerve (of Nerves-Lumbosacral Plexus):
Posterior Glute med + min
68
Inferior gluteal nerve (of Nerves-Lumbosacral Plexus):
posterior Glute max
69
Sciatic nerve (of Nerves-Lumbosacral Plexus):
Hamstrings and everything below the knee

Human Anatomy (15 decks)

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