Must Know Facts: Emergence & Spread of the Terror

Question 1

What was the levée en masse?

Answer 1

Ordered that all French people are on permanent requisition for the service of the army

Question 2

When was the levée en masse?

Answer 2

23 August 1793

Question 3

When did the rebels invite the British into Toulon?

Answer 3

August 1793

Question 4

When are the Vendéen rebels defeated at the Mans?

Answer 4

December 1793

Question 5

When was the execution of Marie Antoinette?

Answer 5

16 October 1793

Question 6

How many well-trained armies were there by 1794?

Answer 6

14

Question 7

Who proposed the levée en masse?

Answer 7

Bertand Barère

Question 7

How many generals were executed in 1793?

Answer 7

17

Question 8

What was Carnot and Saint-Just’s role in the progress of war in 1793?

Answer 8

They were responsible for carrying out the legislation to gain more weapons and supplies

Question 9

What did the murder of Marat mean for the revolution?

Answer 9

Caused Girondins to be disgruntled

Question 10

What did the Convention establish on the 9th September 1793?

Answer 10

The armees revolutionnaires

Question 11

When was the Law of Suspects passed?

Answer 11

17th September 1793

Question 12

When was the New Law of General Maximum brought in?

Answer 12

29th September 1793

Question 13

What did the Sans-Culottes demand of the Convention on the 5th September 1793?

Answer 13

Lower bread prices

Question 14

What was the dominant force in France in the autumn of 1793?

Answer 14

The Committee of Public Safety (CPS)

Question 15

How many victims of the Terror were there?

Answer 15

40,000 between 1792 and 1794

Question 16

Between September and December 1793, how many cases did the Revolutionary Tribunal hear?

Answer 16

500,000

Question 17

What percentage of executions between September - December 1793 were noble and from the Clergy?

Answer 17

• Nobility = 9%
• Clergy = 7%

Question 18

When was Marie Antoinette tried by the Revolutionary Tribunal and when was she guillotined?

Answer 18

Tried on the 14th Octber and guillotined on the 16th October

Question 19

What was the number and breakdown of deaths in the Vendée?

Answer 19

• 7873 guillotined
• November 1793 – January 1794 2,000 executed in noyades.

Question 20

When did the Paris Commune make dechristianisation an official policy?

Answer 20

October 1793

Question 21

What was the Notre Dame Cathedral transformed into and what event did it hold?

Answer 21

• The Temple of Reason
• The Festival of Reason

Question 22

What law made all authorities take orders from the CPS?

Answer 22

The Law of 14 Frimaire II
4th December 1793

Question 23

Which two factions were trialled and executed in March and April 1794?

Answer 23

• Hébertists
• Indulgents

Question 24

What was The Cult of the Supreme Being?

Answer 24

A series of festivals set up by Robespierre ( March 1794) to establish control over religious ceremonies and give people a deist not an atheistic inspiration.

Question 25

What was the Law of 22 Prairial (10th June 1794)?

Answer 25

Simplified judicial process: citizens had to denounce suspects, trials lasted no more than three days, no witnesses or defense, and only possible verdicts were acquittal or death.

Question 26

What is the period of the Great Terror and how many death sentences were pronounced vs acquitted?

Answer 26

- 10th June 1794 – 26th July (8 Thermidor) - 1284 death sentences & 278 acquitted

Question 27

What percentage of the Great terror were noble, clergy and bourgeoisie?

Answer 27

- Nobles = 35% - Clergy – 25% - Bourgeoisie = 40%

Question 28

Why did Robespierre’s popularity decline? CGS and CPS hostility Cult of Supreme Being Fears Robespierre was becoming a dictator Law of General Maximum Stopped attending the CPS in July

Answer 28

- CGS and CPS hostility - Cult of Supreme Being - Fears Robespierre was becoming a dictator - Law of General Maximum - Stopped attending the CPS in July

Question 29

What Coup ended the end of the Terror and when was it?

Answer 29

The Coup of Thermidor 8th July – 27th July 1794